ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Scientifically Proven Best Ways to Study

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For those of us in school who are trying to figure out the most effective way to study, science is here on hand to help.
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While it has been traditionally thought by many of us over the years
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that long hours in front of the computer or in the library, before an important exam, are required to maximize study time,
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this is actually not the case.
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So forget about long nights, with eyelids drooping over pages and pages of text,
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scientific research has expressed quite clearly that that isn't the way to study smart.
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And it turns out smart studying is a lot more fun than we might have thought.
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So just what cool techniques work best to maximize those precious days before the big exam?
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That's what we'll find out in this episode of the Infographics Show, scientifically proven best ways to study.
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First of all, an unlikely helper is exercise.
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Blood chemistry has been proven to change the way the brain works, as the brain, the happy recipient of vital nutrients through exercise,
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repays the favor by increasing brain performance in the shape of a better and longer attention span, smoother information processing, and more fluid problem -solving skills.
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How does this work?
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Well, exercise releases an important blend of mood -altering hormones including dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine.
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This neural cocktail greatly enhances brain performance required for study and information retention, so in between study sessions we should seriously consider hitting the gym,
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swimming some laps, kicking a ball around, or even dancing a few steps, because any kind of exercise exercise greatly improves brain power.
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These exercise sessions also help to break up the study sessions, which is crucial to avoiding cramming, a scientifically disproven method.
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The problem with cramming is that overloaded information does not have a chance to enter the long -term memory.
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Short -term memory is the free, crazy space within your brain.
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Information rattles around inside there, but what we need to do is turn that information into knowledge, and that doesn't happen by cramming.
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The transformation from short -term information into long -term knowledge occurs through repeated needed exposure to that information,
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retelling of that information, and reflection of that information.
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So if you learn about a topic, put down the book, and then hit the gym and reflect up on it,
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or talk to somebody else who has knowledge on the subject,
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and then you are far more likely to retain that short -term information and turn it into long -term knowledge.
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You must also vary your study program.
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Smart study isn't about just reading the material over and over and over again ad nauseum.
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Although this may seem like the easiest way, it is totally counterproductive.
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A 2010 study from Washington University compared the effectiveness of repeated testing over repeated studying
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and found that testing is far more effective than simply re -reading.
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So in between short exercise and study sessions, why not test yourself now and again?
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Or better still, find a study partner who is tackling the same subject and test one another, compare your results, talk about them,
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and continue your study program in between exercising.
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There is no reason you should study completely alone, and without adequate testing, you will fail to see where the real information gaps are.
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Finally, get as much sleep as you can, because sleep is crucial to brain development.
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When awake for the first few hours in the day, our alpha brainwaves are most active,
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which is the brain state most suited to the acquisition of information and knowledge.
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A good study program should not only include exercise, short intense study sessions, and social learning, it should also include a good night's sleep and perhaps,
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if your day allows it, a cheeky power nap in the afternoon.
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A nap in the daytime will give you two bursts of alpha brainwaves for one day's study, and the benefit of sleep doesn't end there.
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When you acquire information, brain cells grow new connections that reach out and connect with one another.
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Sleep helps these cells grow and connect, so if we think of our brain as a tree, sleep is like the miracle grow,
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and while we sleep, all the tiny branches will grow and flourish.
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Conversely, all night study sessions do not work, as our ability to process information is hindered by our restlessness,
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and the information overload is simply overbearing.
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Scientific research has shown
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that it can take up to four days for our brains to return back to normal after
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we've been awake for an entire night.
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We should also take breaks every hour and not work straight through.
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Study for an hour, do some exercise, speak to a study friend, and then return to the source material.
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While some experts might argue, researchers at Stanford School of Medicine agree that playing certain types of music,
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such as classical, may help students engage in the source material.
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While some of us prefer complete silence, an uplifting piece of non -distracting music, without lyrics, may improve mood and increase the chances of information retention.
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In active learning studies, some scholars have suggested that dopamine is the brain's save button, so some light, uplifting music,
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a favorite warm drink, and a box of cookies could also help us retain knowledge, as the brain, while in its reward mode,
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is more receptive to whatever stimuli is present, including that study material.
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Also, science has shown us that, as ridiculous as it may seem, striking a power pose before entering the exam room may be to our benefit.
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So think Superman or Wonder Woman.
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Put your hands on your hips, move your legs apart, chest expanded, deep breath, and say something awe -inspiring.
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You may want to do this in private, like in the bathroom before a test, but this is completely your own choice.
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Although you may feel stupid, and will probably look a bit odd, this posturing will reduce the stress hormone cortisol and increase testosterone,
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making you scientifically stronger and better prepared for that test.
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So, remember to take breaks, sleep, exercise, talk about your material with study pals,
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strike a pose, and you'll be as good as ready for that test.
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Are there other tried and true methods that we failed to mention?
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Let us know in the comments.
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Also, be sure to check out our other video called Private Schools vs Public Schools.
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And as always, don't forget to like, share and subscribe.
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See you next time!

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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Scientifically Proven Best Ways to Study” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: study, brain, exercise, sleep, sessions วิดีโอนี้มี 48 ประโยค และ 1086 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 5:38 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 193 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก 84% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์คำอ่านความหมาย
examination คำนาม/ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ไต่สวน
compare คำกริยา/kəmˈpɛɚ/เปรียบเทียบ
mood คำนาม/muːd/อารมณ์, ใจ
connect คำกริยา/kəˈnɛkt/เชื่อม, ต่อ
alpha คำนาม/ˈæl.fə/แอลฟา
hormone คำนาม/ˈhoɹmoʊn/ฮอร์โมน
topic คำนาม/ˈtɑpɪk/หัวข้อ, กระทู้
gap คำนาม/ɡæp/ช่อง
occur คำกริยา/əˈkɜː/เกิด
technique คำนาม/tɛkˈniːk/เทคนิค, กลเม็ด
argue คำกริยา/ˈɑɹ.ɡju/เถียง, ถก
hip คำนาม/hɪp/สะโพก
ridiculous คำคุณศัพท์/ɹɪˈdɪk.jə.ləs/น่าขัน, ไร้สาระ
silence คำนาม/ˈsaɪ̯ləns/ความเงียบ
solve คำกริยา/sɒlv/แก้, แก้ไข

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้างในวิดีโอ
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบันhas been · has expressed · has been proven
Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำare required · has been proven · is hindered

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 8 ครั้ง เช่น doesn't, isn't, don't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

  • เสียง “th”: smooth /smuːð/, breathe /bɹiːð/
  • เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, retention /ɹɪˈtɛnʃən/, exposure /ɪkˈspəʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/
  • คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, ridiculous /ɹɪˈdɪk.jə.ləs/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/, transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/

เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:

  • เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, pose /poʊz/, maximize /ˈmæksəmaɪz/, ridiculous /ɹɪˈdɪk.jə.ləs/, silence /ˈsaɪ̯ləns/
  • /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: solve /sɒlv/, vital /ˈvaɪtəl/, vary /ˈvɛəɹi/, effectiveness /ɪˈfɛk.tɪv.nɪs/, conversely /kənˈvɝsli/
  • /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, pose /poʊz/, maximize /ˈmæksəmaɪz/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

  1. ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
  2. เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
  3. อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง examination, compare, mood เป็นพิเศษ

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →