تدريب Shadowing: The first 20 hours -- how to learn anything | Josh Kaufman | TEDxCSU - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية مع YouTube

Reviewer.peregmail.com Hi, everyone.

⏸ متوقف مؤقتاً

السرعة:

كل الجمل318 جمل

إذا كانت الجمل قصيرة أو طويلة جدًا، انقر على Edit لتعديلها.

Reviewer.peregmail.com Hi, everyone.

Two years ago, my life changed forever.

My wife, Kelsey, and I welcomed our daughter, Leela, into the world.

Now, becoming a parent is an amazing, amazing experience.

Your whole world changes overnight,

and all of your priorities change immediately,

so fast that it makes it really difficult to process sometimes.

Now, you also have to learn a tremendous amount about being a parent.

Like, for example, how to dress your child.

This was new to me.

This is an actual outfit.

I thought this was a good idea.

And even Leela knows that it's not a good idea.

So there was so much to learn and so much craziness all at once.

And to add to the craziness,

Kelsey and I both work from home.

We're entrepreneurs, we run our own businesses.

So Kelsey develops courses online for yoga teachers.

I'm an author.

And so I'm working from home, Kelsey's working from home we have an infant,

and we're trying to make sure that everything gets done that needs done,

and life is really, really, really busy.

And a couple weeks into this amazing experience,

when the sleep deprivation really kicked in,

like around week eight, I had this thought,

and it was the same thought that parents across the ages internationally,

Everybody has had this thought,

which is, I am never going to have free time ever again.

And somebody said it's true.

Yeah, it's not exactly true,

but it feels really, really true in that moment.

And this was really disconcerting to me,

because one of the things that I enjoy more than anything else is learning new things.

getting curious about something and diving in,

and fiddling around and learning through trial and error,

and eventually becoming pretty good at something.

And without this free time,

I didn't know how I was ever going to do that ever again.

And so I'm a big geek.

I want to keep learning things.

I want to keep growing.

And so what I decided to do was go to the library,

and go to the bookstore and look at what research says about how we learn and how we learn quickly.

And I read a bunch of books,

I read a bunch of websites,

and trying to answer this question,

how long does it take to acquire a new skill?

You know what I found?

10,000 hours.

Anybody ever heard this?

It takes 10,000 hours if you want to learn something new,

if you want to be good at it,

it's going to take 10,000 hours to get there.

And I read this in book after book and website after website,

and my mental experience of reading all of this stuff was like, No!

I don't have time.

I don't have 10,000 hours.

I am never going to be able to learn anything new ever again.

But that's not true.

So 10,000 hours, just to give you a rough order of magnitude,

10,000 hours is a full-time job for five years.

That's a long time.

And we've all had the experience of learning something new,

and it didn't take us anywhere close to that amount of time, right?

So what's up?

There's something kind of funky going on here.

What the research says and what we expect and have experiences,

they don't match up.

And what I found, here's the wrinkle.

The 10,000-hour rule came out of studies of expert-level performance.

There was a professor at Florida State University,

his name is Kay Anders Ericsson.

He's the originator of the 10,000-hour rule.

And where that came from is he studied professional athletes,

world-class musicians, chess grandmasters, all of these ultra-competitive folks in ultra-high-performing fields,

and he tried to figure out how long does it take to get to the top of those kinds of fields.

And what he found is the more deliberate practice,

the more time that those individuals spent practicing the elements,

whatever it is that they do,

the more time you spend, the better you get.

And the folks at the tippy top of their fields put in around 10,000 hours of practice.

Now, we were talking about the game of telephone a little bit earlier.

Here's what happened.

An author by the name of Malcolm Gladwell wrote a book in 2007 called Outliers,

the Story of Success.

And the centerpiece of that book was the 10,000-hour rule.

Practice a lot, practice well,

and you will do extremely well.

You'll reach the top of your field.

So, the message, what Dr. Erickson was actually saying is,

it takes 10,000 hours to get to the top of an ultra-competitive field in a very narrow subject.

That's what that means.

But here's what happened ever since Outliers came out,

immediately came out, reached the top of the bestseller list,

stayed there for three solid months.

All of a sudden, the 10,000-hour rule was everywhere.

And a society-wide game of telephone started to be played.

So this message, it takes 10,000 hours to reach the top of an ultra-competitive field,

became, it takes 10,000 hours to become an expert at something.

100

which became, it takes 10,000 hours to become good at something,

101

which became, it takes 10,000 hours to learn something.

102

But that last statement, it takes 10,000 hours to learn something, it's not true.

103

It's not true.

104

So, what the research actually says,

105

I spent a lot of time here at the CSU library in the cognitive psychology stacks,

106

because I'm a geek, And when you actually look at the studies of skill acquisition,

107

you see over and over and over a graph like this.

108

Now, researchers, whether they're studying a motor skill,

109

something you do physically, or a mental skill,

110

they like to study things that they can time,

111

because you can quantify that, right?

112

So they'll give research participants a little task,

113

something that requires physical arrangement,

114

or something that requires learning a little mental trick,

115

and they'll time how long a participant takes to complete the skill.

116

And here's what this graph says.

117

When you start, so when researchers gave participants a task,

118

it took them a really long time,

119

because it was new and they were horrible.

120

With a little bit of practice,

121

they get better and better and better,

122

and that early part of practice is really, really efficient.

123

People get good at things with just a little bit of practice.

124

Now, what's interesting to note is that if,

125

you know, we don't really,

126

for skills that we want to learn for ourselves,

127

we don't care so much about time, right?

128

We just care about how good we are,

129

whatever good happens to mean.

130

So if we relabel performance time to how good you are,

131

the graph flips, and you get this famous and widely known,

132

this is the learning curve.

133

And the story of the learning curve is when you start,

134

you're grossly incompetent and you know it.

135

Right?

136

With a little bit of practice,

137

you get really good really quick,

138

so that early level of improvement is really fast.

139

And then at a certain point,

140

you reach a plateau, and the subsequent gains become much harder to get.

141

They take more time to get.

142

Now, my question is, I want that.

143

Right?

144

How long does it take from starting something and being grossly incompetent in knowing it,

145

to being reasonably good in,

146

hopefully, as short a period of time as possible.

147

So how long does that take?

148

Here's what my research says.

149

Twenty hours.

150

That's it.

151

You can go from knowing nothing about any skill that you can think of.

152

Want to learn a language?

153

Want to learn how to draw?

154

to learn how to juggle flaming chainsaws?

155

If you put 20 hours of focused,

156

deliberate practice into that thing,

157

you will be astounded, astounded at how good you are.

158

20 hours is doable.

159

That's about 45 minutes a day for about a month,

160

even skipping a couple of days here and there.

161

20 hours isn't that hard to accumulate.

162

Now, there's a method to doing this,

163

Because it's not like you can just start fiddling around for about 20 hours and expect these massive improvements.

164

There's a way to practice intelligently.

165

There's a way to practice efficiently that will make sure that you invest those 20 hours

166

in the most effective way that you possibly can.

167

And here's the method, it applies to anything.

168

The first is to deconstruct the skill.

169

Decide exactly what you want to be able to do when you're done,

170

and then look into the skill and break it down into smaller and smaller pieces.

171

Most of the things that we think of as skills

172

are actually big bundles of skills that require all sorts of different things.

173

The more you can break apart the skill,

174

the more you're able to decide what are the parts of this skill

175

that will actually help me get to what I want,

176

and then you can practice those first.

177

If you practice the most important things first,

178

you'll be able to improve your performance in the least amount of time possible.

179

The second is learn enough to self-correct.

180

So get three to five resources about what it is you're trying to learn.

181

Could be books, could be DVDs,

182

could be courses, could be anything.

183

But don't use those as a way to procrastinate on practice.

184

I know I do this, right?

185

Get like 20 books about the topic,

186

it's like, I'm going to start learning how to program a computer when I complete these 20 books.

187

No, that's procrastination.

188

What you want to do is learn just enough that you can actually practice and self-correct,

189

or self-edit as you practice.

190

So the learning becomes a way of getting better at noticing when you're making a mistake

191

and then doing something a little different.

192

The third is to remove barriers to practice.

193

Distractions, television, Internet, All of these things that get in the way of you actually sitting down and doing the work.

194

And the more you're able to use just a little bit of willpower

195

to remove the distractions that are keeping you from practicing,

196

the more likely you are to actually sit down and practice.

197

Right?

198

And the fourth is to practice for at least 20 hours.

199

Now, most skills have what I call a frustration barrier.

200

You know, the grossly incompetent knowing it part?

201

That's really, really frustrating.

202

We don't like to feel stupid.

203

And feeling stupid is a barrier to us actually sitting down and doing the work.

204

So, by pre-committing to practicing whatever it is that you want to do for at least 20 hours,

205

you will be able to overcome that initial frustration barrier and stick with the practice long enough to actually reap the rewards.

206

That's it.

207

It's not rocket science.

208

Four very simple steps that you can use to learn anything.

209

Now, this is easy to talk about in theory,

210

but it's more fun to talk about in practice.

211

So one of the things that I've wanted to learn how to do for a long time is play the ukulele.

212

Has anybody seen Jake Shimabukuro's TED talk where he plays the ukulele and makes it sound He's like an ukulele god.

213

It's amazing.

214

I saw this and I was like, that is so cool.

215

It's such a neat instrument.

216

I would really like to learn how to play.

217

And so I decided

218

that to test this theory I wanted to put 20 hours into practicing the ukulele and see where we got.

219

And so the first thing about playing the ukulele is in order to practice,

220

you have to have one, right?

221

So I got an ukulele and my lovely assistant.

222

Thank you, sir.

223

I think I need the cord here.

224

It's not just an ukulele, it's an electric ukulele.

225

Yeah.

226

So the first couple hours are just like the first couple hours of anything.

227

You have to get the tools that you're using to practice.

228

You have to make sure that they're available.

229

My ukulele didn't come with strings attached.

230

I had to figure out how to put those on.

231

Like, that's kind of important, right?

232

And learning how to tune and learning how to make sure

233

that all of the things that need to be done in order to start practicing get done, right?

234

Now, one of the things

235

when I was ready to actually start practicing was I looked in online databases and songbooks for how to play songs.

236

And they say, OK, ukuleles,

237

you can play more than one string at a time,

238

so you can play chords,

239

that's cool, you're accompanying yourself.

240

Yay, you.

241

And when I started looking at songs,

242

I had an ukulele chord book that had hundreds of chords,

243

looking at the same, like, whoa, that's intimidating.

244

But when you look at the actual songs,

245

you see the same chords over and over.

246

Right?

247

As it turns out, playing the ukulele is kind of like doing anything.

248

There's a very small set of things that are really important and techniques that you'll use all the time.

249

And so in most songs,

250

you'll use four, maybe five chords,

251

And that's it, that's the song.

252

You don't have to know the hundreds as long as you know the four or the five.

253

So while I was doing my research,

254

I found a wonderful little medley of pop songs by a band called Axis of Awesome.

255

And somebody knows it.

256

And what Axis of Awesome says is that you can learn,

257

or you can play pretty much any pop song of the past five decades if you know four chords,

258

and those chords are G, D, E minor, C.

259

Four chords pump out every pop song ever, right?

260

So I thought, this is cool.

261

I would like to play every pop song ever.

262

So that was the first song I decided to learn,

263

and I would like to actually share it with you.

264

Ready?

265

All right.

266

Just a small town girl,

267

living in a lonely world.

268

She took a midnight train going anywhere.

269

I heard that you settled down,

270

that you found a girl, that you're married now.

271

Every night in my dreams I see you,

272

I feel you That is how I know we'll go on I won't hesitate no more,

273

no more It cannot wait,

274

I'm yours Cause you were amazing,

275

we did amazing things If I could,

276

then I would go wherever you will Can you feel the love tonight?

277

Will they live with or without you?

278

When I find myself, find myself in times of trouble,

279

Mother Mary comes to me.

280

Sometimes I feel like I don't have a partner.

281

No woman, no cry, I'm on me,

282

this surely is a dream.

283

I come from London under.

284

Once a jolly swag man cammed by a billabong.

285

Hey, I just met you, and this is crazy.

286

Now here's my number, so call me, hey sexy lady.

287

Whoop, whoop, whoop, whoop, whoop, whoop, dang, I'm sorry.

288

Time to say goodbye.

289

Closing time.

290

Every new beginning comes from some other beginning's end.

291

Thank you.

292

Thank you.

293

I love that song.

294

And I have a secret to share with you.

295

So by playing that song for you,

296

I just hit my 20th hour of practicing the ukulele.

297

Thank you.

298

And so it's amazing, pretty much anything that you can think of.

299

What do you want to do?

300

The major barrier to learning something new is not intellectual.

301

It's not the process of you learning a bunch of little tips or tricks or things.

302

The major barrier is emotional.

303

We're scared.

304

Feeling stupid doesn't feel good.

305

In the beginning of learning anything new, you feel really stupid.

306

So the major barrier is not intellectual, it's emotional.

307

But put 20 hours into anything.

308

It doesn't matter.

309

What do you want to learn?

310

Do you want to learn language?

311

Do you want to learn how to cook?

312

Do you want to learn how to draw?

313

What turns you on?

314

What lights you up?

315

Go out and do that thing.

316

It only takes 20 hours.

317

Have fun.

318

Great job.

TRENDING

الأكثر شعبية

4.9/5 على App Store و Google Play

Shadowing English
على الجوال

تعلم اللغة الإنجليزية في أي وقت وفي أي مكان مع تطبيق Shadowing English. حسّن مهارات التواصل لديك اليوم!

تتبع تقدمك في التعلم

تقييم الذكاء الاصطناعي وتصحيح الأخطاء

مكتبة فيديو غنية

امسح للتنزيل

Download on theApp Store

GET IT ONGoogle Play

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

☕ اشترِ لنا قهوة

يظل ShadowingEnglish مجانيًا بنسبة 100% بفضل دعمكم. تكاليف الخوادم والذكاء الاصطناعي مرتفعة — قهوتكم تبقينا مستمرين! 🙏

التبرع عبر PayPal

ShadowingEnglish.com – تمرين التظليل الصوتي للإنجليزية

تحدث الإنجليزية بطلاقة باستخدام تقنية التظليل الصوتي. استمع لفيديوهات يوتيوب الأصلية، كرر جملة بجملة، وابنِ نطقاً حقيقياً وطلاقة — يستخدمها متعلمو IELTS حول العالم.

تدريب Shadowing: The first 20 hours -- how to learn anything | Josh Kaufman | TEDxCSU - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية مع YouTube

الأكثر شعبية

Shadowing English
على الجوال

حول هذا الدرس

المفردات والعبارات المهمة

نصائح التدريب لهذا الفيديو

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

تدريب Shadowing: The first 20 hours -- how to learn anything | Josh Kaufman | TEDxCSU - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية مع YouTube

تنزيل التطبيق

Shadowing English على الجوال

حول هذا الدرس

المفردات والعبارات المهمة

نصائح التدريب لهذا الفيديو

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

Shadowing English
على الجوال