تدريب Shadowing: The origin of the '80s aesthetic - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
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75 جمل
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If we were to make a mood board for each decade, it would probably look something like this, right?
إذا كنا سنصمم لوحة مزاجية لكل عقد من الزمن، فمن المرجح أن تبدو بهذا الشكل، أليس كذلك؟
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Even if we didn't live through the 50s, 60s, and the 70s, we can pretty much agree on the defining look of the time.
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This is my favorite, the 80s.
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And minus the questionable hairstyles, the 80s set the trend for bright colors, graphic patterns, and geometric shapes.
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Which made me wonder, who created the look of the 80s?
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Is it even possible to point to a specific person or a moment in time?
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Well, in this case, we can.
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I think you'd be hard -pressed to think of any other design phenomenon
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that could be located as specifically to a group of people.
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The Memphis group dominated the design world in the 80s.
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The collective, led by Italian architect Ettore Satzes, came together in 1981.
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They had a huge impact on the postmodern designs of the decade.
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Memphis is probably as influential a design group as there has ever been.
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And they did originate a lot of that visual vocabulary.
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So I give them a lot of credit for the look of the 80s for sure.
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Although the majority were Italians, the group had architects and designers from all around the world.
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Japan, France, Britain, Austria, America.
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And unlike the name, the group wasn't from Tennessee.
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They were actually based in Milan, Italy.
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The name Memphis came from a Bob Dylan song that was playing during a meeting.
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First thing to know about Memphis is
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that it comes out of a long tradition of radical design in Italy in the 1960s.
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Radical design was a movement formed by architects in reaction to the minimal and practical aesthetics of modernism.
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Modernism was put into some kind of box
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and we gave it a lot of rules which I think a lot of people felt trapped within these rules.
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Radical design allowed designers to express distortion and irony, moving far away from functionality of design.
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Satsas was a big proponent of the movement.
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According to The Guardian, he tried to stay away from the modernist way of designing, like a well -educated schoolboy.
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He didn't follow the rules, which made the Memphis group's work unpredictable.
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We wanted to be excited.
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We wanted to be anxious.
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We wanted to be thrilled.
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This is Peter Shire, one of two Americans who were part of the Memphis group.
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We were doing it mechanically because we didn't have the computers.
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They existed.
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We were seeing signs of it.
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And you look at that kind of overlay, look at Memphis, you know, pattern on pattern, with stuff flying out.
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In 1981, the group showed their work for the first time at the Milan Design Fair.
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The entire collection was named after luxury hotels.
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Carlton, the Bel Air chair that Peter Shire did, the Plaza Vanity that Michael Graves did, which is like a joke,
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right, about taking plastic laminates and putting it on cheap composition wood and then naming it after luxury hotels.
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It's all part of this sort of faux chic thing that they were interested in.
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The New York Times wrote that the show appalled some and amused others, but put everyone attending the fair in a state of high excitement.
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Sotsass and one of the other designers were on their way to the opening in a taxi
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and they thought that a terrorist bomb had gone off in downtown Milan.
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They realized gradually that the chaos and crowding was actually because of their own exhibition.
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They got out and walked and it was like mob scene.
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Their work spread quickly through design magazines that were popular at the time and soon enough you saw their influence everywhere.
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I always think it's really important that it happened virtually simultaneously with MTV, which also launched in 1981.
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And if you think about like the logo of MTV with all those colors and patterns and the kind of scratchy graphics,
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clearly relates very closely to some of the graphic design ideas that were coming out of Italy that were, you know, the context in which Memphis emerged.
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But despite the impact that the group had, their furniture never quite made it into people's homes.
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It was very, very unusual to decorate with Memphis at that time.
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There's only one single piece of furniture from Memphis that was ever mass -produced, and that's the first chair.
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I think about 3 ,000 of those are made.
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With a circular disc at the back and two black orbs to rest your arms, the design was unlike any other chair on the market in 1983.
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Which was a brilliant idea and a terrible chair.
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But the trouble is they always fell over backwards.
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Yeah, it's really funny.
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A few years later, Satsas left the group to build his own studio, and the Memphis group held their last show in 1987.
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Whenever people would say to me, what's the sort of ending of the postmodern period, I would say more or less it is around 1987,
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because there's a recession then that kind of takes some of the air out of the art market, and it's like a real turning point.
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The life of the Memphis group was short -lived — six years, to be exact.
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And even though their designs failed to serve a function in people's homes, they left a colorful mark in history and inspired many designers to come.
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Like this first Apple Watch, which was created in 1995.
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They were given out for free to anyone who bought the Mac system.
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Or this 2011 Dior Couture show, which was an ode to Memphis design.
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Karl Lagerfeld was among the few who collected their pieces and Sotheby's auction out sold David Bowie's Memphis collection last year, which also included Peter's work.
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The designs have a distinctive look that continues to come up time and time again.
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And that's how design works sometimes.
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It often spreads around the world without the designer's names attached.
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So even if you recognize this look as the look of the 80s, most people probably have never heard of Memphis at all.
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I should ask somebody.
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I should ask the man on the street.
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Most people would go, what?
تنزيل التطبيق
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تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة
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سياق وخلفية
في الفيديو، يتم استعراض الجمالية الفريدة لعقد الثمانينيات التي عُرفت بألوانها الزاهية وأنماطها الجريئة. يتحدث المتحدثون عن مجموعة "ميمفيس"، وهي مجموعة تصميم إيطالية أحدثت ثورة في عالم التصميم في تلك الفترة. يتطرق الحوار إلى تأثير هذه المجموعة على الثقافة البصرية، وكيف ساهمت في تشكيل الاتجاهات الجمالية التي لا تزال تُعتبر ملهمة حتى اليوم.
أهم 5 عبارات للتواصل اليومي
- "كنت أبحث عن شيء مثير." - تعبر هذه العبارة عن الرغبة في التجديد والابتكار.
- "هذا التصميم غير تقليدي." - تُستخدم لوصف شيء مميز ومختلف.
- "هل ترغب في تجربة شيء جديد؟" - دعوة للمشاركة في تجربة جديدة.
- "الألوان هنا زاهية للغاية." - تعبير عن إعجاب بالألوان الجريئة.
- "هذا التصميم يحمل طابعاً فكاهياً." - للإشارة إلى العناصر المرحة في التصميم.
دليل خطوة بخطوة لتقنية الظل
لتغمر نفسك في ما يُعرف بـ "shadow speak" أو ممارسة المحادثة الإنجليزية بطريقة مبدعة، يمكنك اتباع الخطوات التالية:
- استمع جيداً: ابدأ بمشاهدة الفيديو مع التركيز على كيفية نطق المتحدثين. لاحظ التعابير الصوتية وإيقاع الحديث.
- قم بتدوين العبارات: استخدم العبارات التي تعلمتها في قسم التواصل اليومي. اكتبها بوضوح في دفتر ملاحظاتك.
- التكرار: قم بتكرار العبارات بصوت عالٍ، محاولاً محاكاة النغمة والإيقاع. هذا سيساعد في تحسين النطق باللغة الإنجليزية.
- التسجيل: سجّل نفسك أثناء حديثك. استمع إلى التسجيل لتحسين أدائك لاحقاً.
- الممارسة المستمرة: خصص وقتاً كل يوم لممارسة المحادثة الإنجليزية من خلال تقنيات الظل. اجعلها جزءاً من روتينك اليومي.
تذكر، التعلم يتطلب الصبر والمثابرة. لا تتردد في استخدام أدوات مثل الفيديوهات لبناء مهاراتك اللغوية. ومع الممارسة المستمرة، ستلاحظ تحسناً ملحوظاً في لغتك الإنجليزية وقدرتك على التواصل بثقة.
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | could be located · were actually based · was put |
| جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيء | did, which is · Watch, which was · anyone who bought |
| المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآن | has ever been · have never heard |
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.