Shadowing-Übung: Quick Study: How Venture Capitalists Make Decisions - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
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My name is Elis Stravloff
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and I'm a professor at the Stanford Graduate School of Business as well as the founder
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and director of our venture capital initiative.
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Unless you know where to look, you might not see it, but venture capitalists or VCs are probably having a major impact on your life every single day.
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VCs are people who invest in small, risky, high -growth startups.
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And they often invest in companies that are trying to change our world.
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Think about Google, Microsoft, Facebook, Zoom, many other tech giants.
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They were all funded by VCs back when they were very small companies.
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My team and I tracked the successful COVID vaccines and found that about half are delivered by companies supported by venture capital.
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And even though it's in the news a lot more during tech booms, this powerful sector of the economy predates the Internet.
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My research shows that since the 1970s, the VC industry is behind about a third of all large publicly trade companies created in the United States.
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So how do these influential people choose what ideas to fund?
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Even many company founders seeking venture capital money don't really seem to understand the VC mindset, as I call it.
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That's what my research set out to demystify.
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My team and I found that the most important stage is what's referred to as deal selection.
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Deal selection is after they've already identified a startup to consider, but before VCs decide whether to invest in it or not to invest.
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During the deal selection process, VCs put every potential investment through something they call the deal funnel.
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On average, a hundred startups go into the deal funnel and only one comes out.
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Meaning that VCs invest in about one startup for each hundred that they consider.
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The first part of the funnel is typically where VCs evaluate the business model and the setup idea.
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Often VCs will say, well, the market is obviously too small, so therefore we don't have any interest.
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If the startup passes that stage, then VCs will typically meet with the founding team to evaluate them.
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Again, often enough VCs will say, well, the The business is interesting, but we are not impressed by the founding team.
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That's another startup squeezed out of the narrowing funnel.
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At the next stage, which relatively few deals reach, they'll bring this startup to their partners.
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And then the partners will decide to proceed with very careful due diligence on only some of the deals.
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On average, this entire process takes almost three months, and it's highly selective.
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What we found was that the median venture capital firm considers about 400 deals a year and only invests in four.
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That highly selective process benefits us all down the line.
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For example, my research shows that without venture capitalists, companies like Zoom might not have been identified, created, funded or scaled up.
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And of course, had Zoom not existed, our experience during the COVID pandemic would have been quite different.
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VCs' rigorous decision -making process can increase the success rate of companies that change our lives.
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So, how can a business idea make it through the deal funnel?
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My team and I talked to almost 900 venture capitalists at over 700 firms, asking these questions, many of those for the first time.
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We found that in order to try and minimize risk, VCs tend to concentrate on what I call the jockey rather than the horse.
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The jockey is the founders and the early management team of a company.
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In other words, the human element, the human capital.
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The horse is everything else – the product, business model, market, technology.
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Most VCs will not invest unless they have complete trust in that early management team that they can execute on the idea.
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Even with the best horse, VCs figure that without a good jockey to ride it, it will not be winning the race.
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Putting together those hundreds of surveys and conversations with venture capitalists, we've started to get a clearer picture of who they are and who they aren't.
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It turns out that the VC mindset is very different from other financial investors.
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They consider many more opportunities to start with.
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Other investors will not have as wide deal funnel as venture capitalists.
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VCs are also much more ready to take on risks, And they are much more likely to co -invest with other venture capitalists, so they're a part of a larger ecosystem.
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Because of all these differences, VCs have to come up with their own financial strategies.
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Because the standard financial models, like the ones we teach our MBA students here at Stanford, aren't really.. applicable that much to early -stage companies.
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Concepts like net present value or discounted cash flow techniques just aren't that much in use,
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since you can't predict future cash flows of an idea or forecast revenue without reliable data.
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And the data for these startups just doesn't exist yet.
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So, if you are not investing millions in startups, how does this all relate to you?
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Well, we can all probably benefit from thinking a little bit more like VCs.
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For example, people tend to be extremely risk -averse.
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So are corporate decision -makers.
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And when you invest, that actually might not be a bad idea, but when you are trying something new, either in your personal or professional life,
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being willing to fail and staying flexible is beneficial.
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That's what the VC mindset is all about.
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VCs have a lot to teach us about doing plenty of research before making decisions, but also experimenting and keeping an open mind.
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That's how you've been big in business.
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And the same is true in life.
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Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Dieses Video enthält 60 Sätze und 949 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 5:55. Der Sprecher spricht in natürlichem Tempo, etwa 160 Wörter pro Minute, ähnlich wie im Alltagsgespräch. 82 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen; den Rest solltest du dir vor dem Üben ansehen.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
15 lernenswerte Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| invest Verb | /ɪnˈvɛst/ | investieren |
| venture Verb | /ˈvɛn.t͡ʃɚ/ | wagen |
| startup Substantiv | /ˈstɑɹtˌʌp/ | Inbetriebnahme |
| capitalist Substantiv | /ˈkæp.ɪ.tə.lɪst/ | Kapitalist, Kapitalistin |
| founder Substantiv | /ˈfaʊ̯n.dəː/ | Gründer, Gründerin |
| mindset Substantiv | /ˈmaɪn(d)ˌsɛt/ | Mindset, Denkweise |
| jockey Substantiv | /ˈd͡ʒɑki/ | Jockey |
| evaluate Verb | /ɪˈvaljʊeɪt/ | evaluieren, auswerten |
| investor Substantiv | /ɪnˈvɛs.tə(ɹ)/ | Anleger, Anlegerin |
| selective Adjektiv | /səˈlɛktɪv/ | selektiv, auswählend |
| technique Substantiv | /tɛkˈniːk/ | Technik |
| element Substantiv | /ˈɛləmənt/ | Element |
| refer Verb | /ɹɪˈfɜː/ | verweisen |
| narrow Adjektiv | /ˈnæɹəʊ/ | eng, begrenzt |
| experiment Substantiv | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | Experiment, Versuch |
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| come out Verb | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | herauskommen |
| come up with Verb | ausdenken | |
| put together Verb | zusammenfügen | |
| turn out Verb | sich herausstellen als/dass, sich erweisen als |
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| Present Perfect have/has + Partizip Perfekt – eine vergangene Handlung, die jetzt noch wichtig ist | they've already identified · we've started · you've been |
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | are delivered · are not impressed · have been identified |
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 13 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel aren't, don't, can't. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, influential /ɪnflʊˈɛnʃəl/, beneficial /ˌbɛn.ɪˈfɪʃ.əl/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: capitalist /ˈkæp.ɪ.tə.lɪst/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, applicable /əˈplɪk.ə.bəl/, influential /ɪnflʊˈɛnʃəl/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Beginne mit 0,75-facher Geschwindigkeit, sprich Satz für Satz nach und wechsle zur normalen Geschwindigkeit, sobald es leichtfällt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie invest, venture, startup.
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.