Shadowing-Übung: What Is REST API? Examples And How To Use It: Crash Course System Design #3 - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
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REST is the most common communication standard between computers over the internet.
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What is it?
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Why is it so popular?
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Let's take a look.
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API stands for Application Programming Interface.
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It is a way for two computers to talk to each other.
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The common API standard used by most mobile and web applications to talk to the servers is called REST.
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It stands for Representational State Transfer.
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It is a mouthful.
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What does that mean?
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REST is not a specification.
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It is a loose set of rules that has been the common standard for building web APIs since the early 2000s.
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An API that follows the REST standard is called a RESTful API.
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Some real-life examples are Twilio, Stripe, and Google Maps.
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Let's look at the basics of REST.
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A RESTful API organizes resources into a set of unique URIs or Uniform Resource Identifiers.
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The URIs differentiate different types of resources on a server.
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Here are some examples.
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The resources should be grouped by noun and not verb.
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An API to get all products should be slash products and not slash get all products.
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A client interacts with a resource by making a request to the endpoint for the resource over HTTP.
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The request has a very specific format as shown here.
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The line contains a URI for the resource we'd like to access.
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The URI is preceded by an XGTP verb, which tells the server what we want to do with the resource.
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A POST request means we want to create a new resource.
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A GET means we want to read the data about an existing resource.
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A PUT is for updating an existing resource.
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A DELETE is for removing an existing resource.
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You might have heard the acronym CRUD.
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This is what it stands for.
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In the body of these requests, there could be an optional HTTP request body that contains a custom payload of data, usually encoded in JSON.
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The server receives the request, processes it, and formats a result into a response.
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The first line of the response contains the HTTP status code to tell the client what happened to the request.
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A well implemented RESTful API returns proper HTTP status codes.
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The 200 level codes mean the request was successful.
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The 400 level codes mean something was wrong with our request.
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For example, the request contained incorrect syntax.
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At the 500 level, it means something ran wrong at the server level.
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For example, the service was unavailable.
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A well-behaved client could choose to retry a fail request with a 500 level status quo.
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We said could choose to retry because some actions are not idempotent and those require extra care when retrying.
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When an API is idempotent, making multiple identical requests has the same effect as making a single request.
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This is usually not the case for a post request to create a new resource.
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The response body is optional and could contain the data payload and is usually formatted in JSON.
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There's a critical attribute of REST that is worth discussing more.
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A REST implementation should be stateless.
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It means the two parties don't need to store any information about each other, and every request and response is independent from all others.
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This leads to web applications that are easy to scale and well-behaved.
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There are two final points to discuss to round out a well-behaved RESTful API.
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If an API endpoint returns a huge amount of data, use pagination.
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A common pagination scheme uses limit and offset as parameters.
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Here is an example.
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If they are not specified, the server should assume sensible default values.
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Lastly, versioning of an API is very important.
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allows an implementation to provide backward compatibility so that if we introduce breaking changes from one version to another,
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consumers can get enough time to move to the next version.
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There are many ways to version an API.
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The most straightforward is to prefix the version before the resource on the URI.
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For instance, like this.
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Restful API is simple and effective when applied sensibly.
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It may not be the best choice for all companies, but it is simple and good enough, and that's why it is so widely used.
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There are other popular API options like GraphQL and GRPC.
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We'll discuss those and compare them in separate videos.
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If you would like to learn more about system design, check out our books and weekly newsletter.
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Please subscribe if you learned something new thank you so much and we'll see you next time
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Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Dieses Video enthält 65 Sätze und 753 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 5:11. Der Sprecher spricht gleichmäßig mit etwa 145 Wörtern pro Minute – ein angenehmes Tempo fürs Shadowing. Nur 78 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen, der Wortschatz ist also anspruchsvoll.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
15 lernenswerte Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| resource Substantiv | /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ | Ressource, Mittel |
| server Substantiv | /ˈsɝvɚ/ | Server |
| format Substantiv | /ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/ | Format |
| behave Verb | /bɪˈheɪv/ | sich benehmen, sich verhalten |
| implementation Substantiv | /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/ | Implementierung |
| optional Adjektiv | /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/ | freiwillig, optional |
| verb Substantiv | /vɝb/ | Verb, Verbum |
| compare Verb | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | vergleichen, komparieren |
| custom Substantiv | /ˈkʌstəm/ | Brauch, Gewohnheit |
| introduce Verb | /ˌɪntɹəˈdus/ | vorstellen, bekannt machen |
| default Substantiv | /dɪˈfɔlt/ | Fristversäumnis, Säumnis |
| identical Adjektiv | /ɪˈdɛntɪkl̩/ | identisch |
| implement Verb | /ˈɪmpləmənt/ | vollziehen, durchführen |
| interact Verb | /ɪn.təˈɹækt/ | interagieren |
| subscribe Verb | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | abonnieren |
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
| Wort | Bedeutung |
|---|---|
| check out Verb | überprüfen |
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 4 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel we'll, don't, we'd. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: implementation /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/, optional /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/, differentiate /dɪf.əˈɹɛn.ʃi.eɪt/, pagination /ˌpæd͡ʒəˈneɪʃən/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: implementation /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/, unavailable /ˌʌnəˈveɪləbəl/, differentiate /dɪf.əˈɹɛn.ʃi.eɪt/, compatibility /kəmˌpætəˈbɪlɪti/, parameter /pəˈɹæm.ə.tɚ/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Sprich Satz für Satz in normaler Geschwindigkeit nach und wiederhole jeden, bis dein Rhythmus zum Sprecher passt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie resource, server, format.
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.