تدريب Shadowing: What Is REST API? Examples And How To Use It: Crash Course System Design #3 - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
1
REST is the most common communication standard between computers over the internet.
2
What is it?
3
Why is it so popular?
4
Let's take a look.
5
API stands for Application Programming Interface.
6
It is a way for two computers to talk to each other.
7
The common API standard used by most mobile and web applications to talk to the servers is called REST.
8
It stands for Representational State Transfer.
9
It is a mouthful.
10
What does that mean?
11
REST is not a specification.
12
It is a loose set of rules that has been the common standard for building web APIs since the early 2000s.
13
An API that follows the REST standard is called a RESTful API.
14
Some real-life examples are Twilio, Stripe, and Google Maps.
15
Let's look at the basics of REST.
16
A RESTful API organizes resources into a set of unique URIs or Uniform Resource Identifiers.
17
The URIs differentiate different types of resources on a server.
18
Here are some examples.
19
The resources should be grouped by noun and not verb.
20
An API to get all products should be slash products and not slash get all products.
21
A client interacts with a resource by making a request to the endpoint for the resource over HTTP.
22
The request has a very specific format as shown here.
23
The line contains a URI for the resource we'd like to access.
24
The URI is preceded by an XGTP verb, which tells the server what we want to do with the resource.
25
A POST request means we want to create a new resource.
26
A GET means we want to read the data about an existing resource.
27
A PUT is for updating an existing resource.
28
A DELETE is for removing an existing resource.
29
You might have heard the acronym CRUD.
30
This is what it stands for.
31
In the body of these requests, there could be an optional HTTP request body that contains a custom payload of data, usually encoded in JSON.
32
The server receives the request, processes it, and formats a result into a response.
33
The first line of the response contains the HTTP status code to tell the client what happened to the request.
34
A well implemented RESTful API returns proper HTTP status codes.
35
The 200 level codes mean the request was successful.
36
The 400 level codes mean something was wrong with our request.
37
For example, the request contained incorrect syntax.
38
At the 500 level, it means something ran wrong at the server level.
39
For example, the service was unavailable.
40
A well-behaved client could choose to retry a fail request with a 500 level status quo.
41
We said could choose to retry because some actions are not idempotent and those require extra care when retrying.
42
When an API is idempotent, making multiple identical requests has the same effect as making a single request.
43
This is usually not the case for a post request to create a new resource.
44
The response body is optional and could contain the data payload and is usually formatted in JSON.
45
There's a critical attribute of REST that is worth discussing more.
46
A REST implementation should be stateless.
47
It means the two parties don't need to store any information about each other, and every request and response is independent from all others.
48
This leads to web applications that are easy to scale and well-behaved.
49
There are two final points to discuss to round out a well-behaved RESTful API.
50
If an API endpoint returns a huge amount of data, use pagination.
51
A common pagination scheme uses limit and offset as parameters.
52
Here is an example.
53
If they are not specified, the server should assume sensible default values.
54
Lastly, versioning of an API is very important.
55
allows an implementation to provide backward compatibility so that if we introduce breaking changes from one version to another,
56
consumers can get enough time to move to the next version.
57
There are many ways to version an API.
58
The most straightforward is to prefix the version before the resource on the URI.
59
For instance, like this.
60
Restful API is simple and effective when applied sensibly.
61
It may not be the best choice for all companies, but it is simple and good enough, and that's why it is so widely used.
62
There are other popular API options like GraphQL and GRPC.
63
We'll discuss those and compare them in separate videos.
64
If you would like to learn more about system design, check out our books and weekly newsletter.
65
Please subscribe if you learned something new thank you so much and we'll see you next time
📺 نفس القناة
C11
The Secret Sauce Behind NoSQL: LSM Tree
TOEFL PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
Proxy vs Reverse Proxy (Real-world Examples)
IELTS PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
System Design Was HARD - Until You Knew the Trade-Offs
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
8 Most Important System Design Concepts You Should Know
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
Everything You Need to Know About DNS: Crash Course System Design #4
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
CAP Theorem Simplified
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
System Design: Why is Kafka Popular?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
What is API Gateway?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
What Are Microservices Really All About? (And When Not To Use It)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
System Design: Why is Kafka fast?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
10+ Key Memory & Storage Systems: Crash Course System Design #5
University StudentsWorking Adults
C24
What Is Redis Really About? Why Is It So Popular?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C148
Kubernetes Explained in 6 Minutes | k8s Architecture
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
How Does a URL Shortener Work?
Business EnglishInterview EnglishUniversity Students
B2How Git Works: Explained in 4 Minutes
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
✨ فيديو موصى به
C11
180 جمل
Your API Can’t Handle Real-World Integrations
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
444 جمل
INTRODUCTION INTO HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT - LECTURE 01
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
102 جمل
What is Docker? Docker container concept explained || Docker Tutorial 1
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
119 جمل
How to Write Test Cases for Manual Testing?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1155 جمل
Every Hardware Protocol Explained Simply in 10 Minutes!
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1231 جمل
Redis Crash Course - the What, Why and How to use Redis as your primary database
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
107 جمل
What is NLP? Neuro Linguistic Programming
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
258 جمل
What is Accounting ? An Introduction to Accounting.
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
14 جمل
CS50x 2026 - Introduction
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
153 جمل
S3 Speech1 short
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 65 جملة و753 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 5:11. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 145 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 78% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| resource اسم | /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ | مَوْرِد |
| server اسم | /ˈsɝvɚ/ | خَادُوم m or خَادِم, مُلَقِّم |
| behave فعل | /bɪˈheɪv/ | تَصَرَّفَ |
| implementation اسم | /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/ | تَنْفِيذ |
| optional صفة | /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/ | اِخْتِيَارِيّ |
| verb اسم | /vɝb/ | فِعْل |
| compare فعل | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | قَارَنَ |
| custom اسم | /ˈkʌstəm/ | عَادَة, عُرْف |
| introduce فعل | /ˌɪntɹəˈdus/ | قَدَّمَ |
| implement فعل | /ˈɪmpləmənt/ | نَفَّذَ, نَجَزَ |
| subscribe فعل | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | اِشْتَرَكَ |
| organize فعل | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | نَظَّمَ |
| straightforward صفة | /ˌstɹeɪtˈfɔː(ɹ)wə(ɹ)d/ | صَرِيح, مُسْتَقِيم |
| attribute اسم | /ˈæt.ɹɪˌbjut/ | صِفَة, خُصُوصِيَّة |
| unavailable صفة | /ˌʌnəˈveɪləbəl/ | غير متوفر |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 4 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل we'll, don't, we'd. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: implementation /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/, optional /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/, differentiate /dɪf.əˈɹɛn.ʃi.eɪt/, pagination /ˌpæd͡ʒəˈneɪʃən/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: implementation /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/, unavailable /ˌʌnəˈveɪləbəl/, differentiate /dɪf.əˈɹɛn.ʃi.eɪt/, compatibility /kəmˌpætəˈbɪlɪti/, parameter /pəˈɹæm.ə.tɚ/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل resource, server, behave.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.