Pratique du Shadowing: Để Có Động Lực, Ngay Cả Khi Không Muốn (Tiếng Anh Song Ngữ TED-Ed) - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec YouTube

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Motivation is complicated.
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Motivation is complicated.
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While you may never enjoy doing the laundry,
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it may feel less daunting if you get praise from a loved one.
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Why does motivation seem so fickle?
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And what even is it in the first place?
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You've always aspired to be a professional artist.
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At last, this dream may become a reality,
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and you're creating a portfolio to submit to art programs.
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But as the application deadline looms,
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you suddenly find yourself unmotivated and avoiding the canvas altogether.
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Why does motivation seem so fickle?
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And what even is it in the first place?
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Psychologists define motivation as the desire or impetus to initiate and maintain a particular behavior.
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In other words, it's the energy that drives you to do something.
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And knowing the source of that drive is particularly important when it comes to understanding how to maintain it.
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These motivational forces generally fall into two broad categories, intrinsic and extrinsic.
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Intrinsic motivation is involved when you experience an activity as an end in itself.
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Take a hobby like playing video games.
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The experience largely explains the desire to do it.
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Performing tasks that feel right in the moment or that you find meaningful,
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interesting, or or satisfying are driven by intrinsic motivation.
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Extrinsic motivation, on the other hand,
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refers to pursuing a task as a means to an end.
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While few would consider going to the dentist an enjoyable activity,
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you're often motivated by the outcome of having clean, healthy teeth.
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Other examples of extrinsic motivation include completing a task to receive some sort of reward,
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whether it's praise, power, or money.
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Notably, these rewards tend to come later,
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like receiving a bonus at the end of a quarter,
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or winning a competition after months of training.
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While extrinsic rewards like getting paid may seem appealing,
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their effectiveness can be surprisingly short-lived.
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For example, a 2017 study found that those who were highly focused on the outcomes of their New Year's resolutions,
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or driven by extrinsic motivation,
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weren't the most likely to stick to them.
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What did predict persistence, however,
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was how much a person enjoyed pursuing their goals.
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In other words, you're more likely to maintain an exercise routine if you take classes you enjoy,
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rather than just those that build your biceps.
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Years of psychology research have shown that high levels of intrinsic motivation for school,
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a job or an exercise class,
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are more likely to keep you engaged in the long run.
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Day-to-day actions, though, are rarely either exclusively intrinsically or extrinsically motivated.
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Studying for a history exam,
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for example, can be intrinsically motivated if you're curious about the culture of ancient Egypt.
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But extrinsic motivators may also be at play,
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as you aim to get a good grade,
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or feel pressure from family members to do well in school.
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But having multiple motivators isn't always better.
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One study of military cadets found that those who were driven both by intrinsic motivators like self-improvement,
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and extrinsic motivators like the outcome of getting a good job,
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were overall less motivated than cadets driven by just one of these factors.
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As a result, these cadets performed worse and were less likely to graduate.
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Psychologists call this phenomenon the over-justification effect—the idea that additional,
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extrinsic motivators can actually muddy the waters when you already have the intrinsic drive to do something.
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But this is only a problem if you already find a task motivating.
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When you're faced with an activity you find tedious or uninteresting,
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adding extrinsic rewards can be beneficial.
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In this way, extrinsic motivators can provide sufficient justification.
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While you may never enjoy doing the laundry,
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it may feel less daunting if you get praise from a loved one.
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Or even promise yourself that you'll watch your favorite TV show when you're done folding.
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Motivation is complicated.
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And sometimes, no matter how passionate you are about a goal or hobby,
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finding the motivation to actually do it can be difficult.
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But there are things you can do to increase your drive,
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even when it feels impossible.
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Focus on building intrinsic motivation by making the task more fun in the moment.
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Asking a friend to join you
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or simply putting on your favorite playlist can give you the boost to get started
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and stick with your goals for the long haul.

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Context & Background

The video "To Stay Motivated Even When You Don't Want To" offers fascinating insights into the complex nature of motivation. Through an engaging bilingual TED-Ed presentation, viewers are guided to understand why motivation can often feel unpredictable. The speaker delves into different types of motivation—intrinsic and extrinsic—and explains how recognizing these can aid in maintaining focus and determination towards personal and professional goals. With relatable examples, such as the struggle to create an art portfolio under pressure, the content becomes a practical resource for anyone concerned about staying motivated in their everyday pursuits, including English speaking practice.

Top 5 Phrases for Daily Communication

  • “Motivation is complicated.” - A great way to express the challenges one faces when trying to stay motivated.
  • “Psychologists define motivation as the desire or impetus.” - Use this to introduce discussions on what drives your actions.
  • “Intrinsic motivation involves finding an activity meaningful.” - A useful phrase to talk about hobbies or interests.
  • “Extrinsic motivation refers to pursuing tasks as a means to an end.” - Ideal for discussing goals and outcomes.
  • “You’re more likely to maintain an exercise routine if you take classes you enjoy.” - This can be modified to relate to any enjoyable activity, especially language learning.

Step-by-step Shadowing Guide

Utilizing the shadowing technique while watching this video can significantly enhance your English speaking practice. Follow these steps for an effective learning experience:

  1. Prepare: Before beginning, familiarize yourself with the context by reading a brief summary of the video. This will give you an idea of the main themes.
  2. Watch Once: Watch the video without interruptions to understand the overall message. Note any phrases or sections that stand out as insightful.
  3. Listen Closely: Play the video a second time, but this time focus on the speaker's pronunciation and intonation. Pay attention to the highlighted phrases to understand their context better.
  4. Shadow Speak: As you play a segment of the video, pause after each sentence or phrase. Try to repeat what you've heard immediately. This enhances your pronunciation and rhythm in English.
  5. Reflect: After practicing, take some time to reflect on how the insights about motivation can apply to your English learning journey. Write a short paragraph about how it feels to stay motivated while learning.

By implementing the shadow speech method with engaging content, you can effectively elevate your English speaking skills. Learning English with YouTube not only makes the process enjoyable but also integrates helpful communication skills into your daily routine.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

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