Pratique du Shadowing: How Native Speakers Learn Grammar (And How You Can Too) - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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One of the questions that I get asked the most is, do native English speakers also study grammar?
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The simple answer is yes, but probably not in the same way that you're imagining.
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And I think understanding the way that native English speakers learn grammar can change the way you learn English.
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First, we need to be clear on what grammar actually is.
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Maybe you've started to think of all of these different grammar rules, different tenses, different clauses, different phrases,
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but that's not all grammar is.
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Grammar is basically the system or patterns that tell us how a language works.
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It tells us how to put different words together to create sentences, to create meaning.
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For example, something like I like you or you like me.
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We know that the order of words can change the meaning of a sentence.
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Or something like I ate yesterday instead of I eat yesterday.
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That's grammar.
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Learning grammar is not just simply memorizing a list of all these different rules.
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The rule is just our way of describing the natural pattern.
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Now you might be wondering, well how do native speakers learn grammar?
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Native speakers naturally acquire a huge amount of grammar just by listening through exposure.
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Kids learn grammar by listening to their parents communicate, by talking to their parents, talking to other kids, by watching tv,
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by reading and speaking and being corrected.
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They hear those same patterns all the time, so eventually something like, I go to school,
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starts to sound wrong even if they don't understand why.
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Grammar becomes a part of their intuition.
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But don't get it twisted, that doesn't mean that Americans never study grammar.
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Once kids start to learn how to read and especially write, writing things like essays and papers and other assignments,
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schools do explicitly teach grammar.
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We learn about punctuation, sentence structure,
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run-on sentences, subject-verb agreement, passive voice and all of these conventions of formal academic writing.
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All of this might sound a bit familiar if you learned English formally in school as a second language,
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but I think there's a very important distinction here.
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For native speakers, we're taking a language that we already know how to speak
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and diving deeper and learning how to use it more effectively and a bit more formally in writing.
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So when we learn these things, we already know how to make a sentence, we already know how to use the language to express ourselves.
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We're just learning more about grammar so that we can express ourselves in a more precise and a clearer way.
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And also so that later on when we go to college
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or when we have to write an email we can sound more professional and more formal.
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However, in daily conversations, native speakers break grammar rules all the time.
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For example, instead of saying there are two dogs outside, we might say there's two dogs outside, which is technically incorrect.
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But it's totally fine, it's correct to say those things because we all say it in daily life.
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Spoken English is a lot different from formal English or the English learned from a textbook.
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For example, if you wanted to say 你跟谁一起去的, then the more formal way of saying it would be with whom did you go,
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but nobody talks like that.
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We would say who did you go with?
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So this is the question.
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Do English learners need to learn grammar?
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Is grammar important?
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I would say yes, it is still important, but how much you learn depends on what exactly you're trying to achieve with your English skills.
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If you're studying for an exam, if you need to use English in academic settings like writing a paper,
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or if in work settings you need to write a professional email, stuff like that, then proper grammar is pretty important.
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However, if your goal is just simple daily conversation and communication,
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then you really don't need to stress too much about grammar.
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You just really need to know the basics, the fundamentals.
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So that would be something like basic word order, knowing how to ask a question in English,
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or knowing like the basic verb tenses.
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But you really don't need to stop mid-conversation and think, did I say something wrong?
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Was that present perfect continuous?
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Or what tense should I have used in that situation?
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You don't need to worry too much about that for communication.
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Thinking in this way is only going to make you second guess everything you say and slow down the conversation.
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Instead, we can learn grammar in a more natural way like a native English speaker would learn
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and build upon our grammar intuition.
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So how do you actually do that
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and is it possible to learn English grammar in this natural way even if you didn't grow up speaking English?
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I personally think it is.
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Of course learning those basic grammar rules can be really helpful especially
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if you're just getting started and you're a beginner but instead of focusing on memorizing all of the names of the rules,
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I think instead we can try to focus more on recognizing patterns.
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For example, maybe you're focusing on a specific structure or a specific grammar rule and you're learning something like present perfect tense.
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Then a textbook might tell you present perfect tense means have has plus a past participle.
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And that's useful information but I don't think we should stop there.
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We also need to know how to actually use this in real life.
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We should look at real examples of what native speakers would say.
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You might look at sentences like, I've never been there.
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I've already eaten.
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I haven't seen it yet.
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Then when you're watching a tv show or maybe listening to a podcast or even just having a conversation with someone else,
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you can start to pay attention to when you hear those patterns again.
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Start to recognize those same sentences or same structures.
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The more that you pay attention to this and the more that you hear it, the more natural and more familiar it's going to become.
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And over time, something like, I've never went there, it just might start to sound wrong to you,
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even if you don't really know how to explain why it it sounds wrong.
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This is actually much closer to how native English speakers learn grammar
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because in daily communication we're not exactly going through this huge list of grammar rules in our head,
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we're not thinking about different verb tenses, we're not, you know, worrying about saying something grammatically incorrect because we've heard it so many times,
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we've practiced it so many times that it just feels natural.
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It feels like second nature to us.
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And as an English learner, you can also slowly build upon that intuition.
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So when learning grammar, I wouldn't think of it as learning this rule, memorizing it, and then moving on to the next one.
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Instead, I would focus on learning how something works, hearing it in real English, real spoken English, recognizing the pattern,
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and more importantly, trying to use it for yourself.
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So with all of that being said, is grammar really important for English language learners?
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I would say yes.
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I mean grammar is the thing that binds a language together.
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It's how we know how to put words together
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and it helps us make sense of what other people are saying and it helps us express ourselves more clearly.
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But does that mean you need to understand all of the grammar rules
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and you need to have perfect grammar before you can start speaking English?
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Not at all.
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You don't need to have perfect grammar in daily conversation
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and you also don't need to put this pressure on yourself to be perfect all the time.
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Some people might even know what they want to say when speaking English but then they start thinking,
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oh is this grammatically correct or does this sound natural? well, should I say it this way or that way?
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You start to second guess yourself.
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The truth is you really don't have the time to think of so many things when you're speaking English.
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By the time you've thought of all of those grammar rules, all of those pronunciation rules, the conversation has already ended.
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It's okay to make mistakes and it's okay to realize after the conversation
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that you should have said something in a different way
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or actually there was a more efficient way of expressing what you wanted to say.
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This is all just part of the process
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and I really just want to emphasize
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that even native speakers say things grammatically incorrect but nobody cares
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and it's totally a natural part of life
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so you don't need to feel the pressure to get everything right on the first try.
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But if you're so worried about saying everything perfectly
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and not making any mistakes
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that it actually prevents you from speaking in the first place then grammar has kind of become something
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that prevents you from communicating and that's the exact opposite of what language is for.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « How Native Speakers Learn Grammar ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : grammar, English, learn, rule, speaker. Cette vidéo contient 115 phrases et 1525 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 9:38. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 158 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. 87 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc facile à suivre.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| grammar nom | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | grammaire |
| tense nom | /tɛns/ | temps, temps verbal |
| grammatically adverbe | grammaticalement | |
| learner nom | /ˈlɜɹnəɹ/ | apprenant, apprenante |
| memorize verbe | /ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/ | mémoriser, apprendre par cœur |
| intuition nom | /ˌɪn.tjuːˈɪʃ.ən/ | intuition |
| verb nom | /vɝb/ | verbe |
| textbook nom | /ˈtɛkst.bʊk/ | manuel, livre de classe |
| formally adverbe | /ˈfɔː.mə.li/ | formellement |
| participle nom | /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/ | participe |
| punctuation nom | /ˌpʌŋk.t͡ʃuˈeɪ.ʃən/ | ponctuation |
| pronunciation nom | /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ | prononciation |
| beginner nom | /bəˈɡɪnɚ/ | débutant, débutante |
| emphasize verbe | /ˈɛm.fə.saɪz/ | souligner, accentuer |
| distress nom | /dɪˈstɹɛs/ | détresse |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| go through verbe | traverser |
| grow up verbe | grandir |
| slow down verbe | ralentir, décélérer |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | you've started · I've never been · I've already eaten |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | being corrected · being said |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 37 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, you're, we're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: intuition /ˌɪn.tjuːˈɪʃ.ən/, punctuation /ˌpʌŋk.t͡ʃuˈeɪ.ʃən/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: intuition /ˌɪn.tjuːˈɪʃ.ən/, participle /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/, punctuation /ˌpʌŋk.t͡ʃuˈeɪ.ʃən/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, importantly /ɪmˈpɔɹ.tənt.li/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme grammar, tense, grammatically.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.