Pratique du Shadowing: What is a server? Types of Servers? Virtual server vs Physical server 🖥️🌐 - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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What is a server?
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In computing, a server is a dedicated computer or device that provides functionality on behalf of other devices or clients.
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This architecture is called the client-server module.
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Servers can provide various functionalities, often called services, such as sharing resources or data among multiple clients,
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or even performing computation for a client.
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Now, a server could be dedicated to handle one of these
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services only where you would have one dedicated server for a website, one server for data storage, and a server for email.
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And this is a model what larger organizations use.
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Well, you can also set up a server to handle each of these services on the same machine, which is what typically happens in smaller organizations.
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And when we talk about servers, they're generally serving a lot of computers, so people at home Some don't need that because they only have one, two, three or four computers.
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Servers enable you to control and distribute information, as well as a way to protect the information.
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Servers can be distinguished into two main types of servers, a physical server and a virtual server.
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Physical servers are dedicated servers which use the traditional CPU and RAM for that one server.
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Virtual servers, however, use hypervisor to divide the physical server into two
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or more virtual servers which share the resources like CPU and RAM with two or more other servers.
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Most of the servers and enterprises in cloud are virtual servers.
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Businesses need servers to run 24-7 because they're vital to an organization.
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And if a server fails, then the business could suffer losses or jeopardize the business.
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Or an organization.
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So this is why servers need to be more reliable.
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They need to be built with the right resources like high computing CPUs and RAM.
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Servers and server components need to be redundant, meaning if one component or the server fails, it shouldn't impact the whole server.
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Server.
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Servers need to be set up in a redundant fashion, in case a server goes down, then another server should be available to serve the request from desktop clients.
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In AWS, you can set up the servers in multiple availability zones in order to avoid an outage, similarly in Azure and GCP.
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A server should also have a redundant hot-swappable hard drive in the RAID configuration, Because if a hard drive were to fail, then no data loss would happen,
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and the server would still be up and running because of RAID configuration.
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RAID makes it possible to copy the data onto multiple disks, and if a hard drive fails, then it can be removed and replaced without shutting down the whole server,
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and then RAID would rebuild the data onto the new hard drive automatically.
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The servers should also have redundant fiber channel adapters and power supplies.
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Since servers are used by multiple desktop clients, they need to have multiple processor environments.
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IBM CPU.
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IBM servers use Power CPU in their different servers, which has a high computing CPU power.
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AWS cloud servers.
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They have a high computing CPU power.
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An application server is a program that handles all application operations between users and an organization's backend, business applications, or data.
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This type of server is typically used for complex transactions-based applications cloud server.
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Rather than being proved by a single server or virtual server, cloud server hosting services are provided by multiple character servlets that comprise.
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Server Operating System Any server also needs to use a server operating system, such as Linux, Windows Server, Mac, OS Server, and so on.
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Server operating systems are robust and stable, and they're designed to run non-stop and are able to handle thousands of concurrent connections.
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Now there are many different types of servers.
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Types of servers.
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There are many types of servers depending on what server is hosting on it.
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For example, a web server.
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A database server.
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This type of server hosts data in the backend.
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A web server that hosts a website.
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The web server will run the web server software, like HTTP, NGINX.
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It contains all the website's data, including the HTML code and graphics.
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Another type of server is an email server.
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An email server is what facilitates the sending and receiving of email.
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DNS server is a server dedicated to resolving domain names.
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Hope you liked the video.
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Please like, comment, share, and subscribe.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « What is a server? Types of Servers? Virtual server vs Physical server 🖥️🌐 ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : server, cpu, type, client, multiple. Cette vidéo contient 54 phrases et 734 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 5:05. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 145 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 71 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| dedicate verbe | /ˈdɛdɪˌkeɪt/ | consacrer, vouer |
| compute verbe | /kəmˈpjuːt/ | computer, calculer |
| redundant adjectif | /ɹɪˈdʌn.dənt/ | redondant |
| functionality nom | fonctionnalité | |
| configuration nom | /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/ | configuration |
| computation nom | /ˌkɑmpjʊˈteɪʃn̩/ | calcul, comptage |
| concurrent adjectif | /kəŋˈkʌɹənt/ | concomitant, simultané |
| jeopardize verbe | /ˈd͡ʒɛp.ə.dʌɪz/ | mettre en danger |
| outage nom | /ˈaʊ.tɪd͡ʒ/ | panne, interruption |
| swappable adjectif | échangeable | |
| adapter nom | /əˈdæptəɹ/ | adaptateur |
| comprise verbe | /kəmˈpɹaɪz/ | contenir, comprendre |
| distribute verbe | /dɪˈstɹɪbjuːt/ | distribuer |
| processor nom | /ˈpɹɑˌsɛsɚ/ | processeur |
| distinguish verbe | /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ | distinguer |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| set up verbe | /ˌsɛt ˈʌp/ | mettre en place, installer |
| go down verbe | descendre | |
| shut down verbe | éteindre |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | is called · could be dedicated · can be distinguished |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | machine, which is · servers, which has |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 5 contractions et formes réduites, comme they're, don't, shouldn't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: configuration /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/, computation /ˌkɑmpjʊˈteɪʃn̩/, distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: configuration /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/, facilitate /fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: jeopardize /ˈd͡ʒɛp.ə.dʌɪz/, outage /ˈaʊ.tɪd͡ʒ/, module /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: redundant /ɹɪˈdʌn.dənt/, configuration /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/, concurrent /kəŋˈkʌɹənt/, adapter /əˈdæptəɹ/, comprise /kəmˈpɹaɪz/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme dedicate, compute, redundant.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.