शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Ebola: Deadly virus spreads. Cases in DR Congo and Uganda: BBC Learning English from the News - YouTube के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
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From BBC Learning English, this is Learning English from the News,
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From BBC Learning English, this is Learning English from the News,
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our podcast about the news headlines.
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In this programme, Ebola outbreak spreads.
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Hello, I'm Becca.
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And I'm Georgie.
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In this programme, we look at one big news story and the vocabulary in the headlines that will help you understand it.
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You can find all the vocabulary and headlines from this episode,
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as well as a worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.
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So, let's hear more about this story.
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An Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo was announced by the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on Friday.
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An outbreak is a sudden appearance of something,
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especially of something dangerous or unpleasant.
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Ebola is a serious disease caused by a virus caught from wild animals and is usually found in certain parts of Africa.
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It spreads from person to person when they come into contact with infected body fluids such as blood,
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urine and vomit.
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Officials in Uganda reported that the deadly virus has spread in the DR Congo.
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So far, it's thought that there have been 514 cases and 136 deaths.
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This is the 17th Ebola outbreak in the DR Congo since it was discovered in 1976.
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Let's have our first headline.
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This headline is from Ars Technica,
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a technology, science and politics website.
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Ebola outbreak with uncommon strain erupts in Congo and Uganda, 65 deaths.
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And that headline again from Ars Technica,
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a technology, science and politics website.
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Ebola outbreak with uncommon strain erupts in Congo and Uganda.
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65 deaths.
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This headline was from the 15th of May and since then the death toll has risen.
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It highlights how quickly Ebola has spread in the DR Congo and Uganda.
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Yes, the word we'll focus on,
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which expresses the concept of spreading quickly, is erupt.
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What can you tell us about erupt, Georgie?
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Well, when something literally erupts, it explodes.
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Now, the most obvious example of this is a volcano.
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A volcano erupts.
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We can also use erupt metaphorically to talk about something starting suddenly.
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For example, we could say that the classroom erupted as soon as the teacher left.
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That means that the students suddenly started getting noisier,
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they started shouting as soon as the teacher left the room.
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When we use erupt, it can sometimes express violence.
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For example, we could say that violence can erupt between protesters and the police.
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We can also use erupt in an emotional context to talk about a sudden
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and intense release of a feeling that's been building up,
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much like the pressure of a volcano.
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For example, she couldn't hold back her joy any longer and she erupted in tears of happiness.
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Now, we've heard lots of negative examples of erupt,
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but this one is quite a positive one.
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We've heard erupt, start suddenly and on a large scale.
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For example, the crowd erupted when the rock star finally came on stage.
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This is Learning English from the News,
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our podcast about the news headlines.
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Today we're talking about the spread of Ebola in the DR Congo and Uganda.
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The total number of suspected cases means that this outbreak is already one of the largest on record.
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It is thought that there were a series of challenges in detecting the virus in the DR Congo
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that could have allowed the disease to spread east and across the border towards the capital of Uganda.
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One challenge in particular came from local funeral practices.
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It's known that Ebola can spread through contact with infected people,
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even those who are no longer alive.
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And that's what our next headline is about.
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This headline is from Reuters, a news organisation.
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Flawed tests and funerals allowed Ebola to spread undetected, sources say.
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And that headline again from Reuters.
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Flawed tests and funerals allowed Ebola to spread undetected, sources say.
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This headline mentions how testing for detection was flawed or inaccurate.
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This, alongside funeral practices, allowed Ebola to spread.
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The word we're going to focus on here is undetected.
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So if we look inside this word,
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the key to understanding it is detect.
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Now, you might know the job detective,
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so think about the fictional character Sherlock Holmes.
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A detective is someone who finds things or discovers them.
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The adjective detected means found or discovered.
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We use the prefix un with the adjective detected to make undetected,
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which means the opposite, you can't find it.
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The virus was undetected, not found,
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and therefore it continued to spread.
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We've had undetected, not found, noticed or discovered.
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For example, the thieves were undetected for years.
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They stole thousands of valuable items before getting caught.
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This is Learning English from the News from BBC Learning English.
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We're talking about the latest Ebola outbreak.
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Last week, we reported on a different outbreak,
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the Hantavirus outbreak, which started on a Dutch cruise ship.
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However, this next headline talks about how this Ebola outbreak is far more concerning to public health.
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Ebola is rare, but it's also deadly,
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with an average death rate of 50%.
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In some past outbreaks, as many as 90% of infected patients died.
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Early symptoms of Ebola, such as fever,
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muscle aches and fatigue, may be mistaken for other common illnesses.
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Because of this, healthcare workers may not use appropriate protective equipment and become infected themselves.
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That's what happened during the Ebola outbreak in West Africa between 2014 and 2016.
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More than 800 healthcare workers became infected and two-thirds died as a result of mistaking the virus for other illnesses.
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Let's have a look at this headline.
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This headline is from The Washington Post,
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a newspaper from the US.
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Why Congo's Ebola outbreak is far more alarming than hantavirus.
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And that headline again, Why Congo's Ebola outbreak is far more alarming than hantavirus.
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And that's from the Washington Post.
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We're going to look at the adjective alarming.
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What do we know about this word, Georgie?
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Well, the noun alarm is a loud sound.
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It usually warns of danger or something concerning.
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So imagine a smoke alarm.
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It sounds when it detects smoke.
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Yes, and we can sometimes add the suffix ing to a word to make it an adjective,
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like with alarm and alarming.
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If something is alarming, it's worrying or could cause concern.
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Yes, other examples of this include interest and interesting,
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amaze and amazing, and terror and terrifying.
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And just a note, adjectives with the suffix ing describe the situation,
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whereas adjectives with an ed suffix describe the emotion.
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For example, the red lights were alarming.
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I was alarmed by the red lights.
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We've had alarming, worrying or concerning.
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For example, I saw some alarming news about the rising sea levels.
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That's it for this episode of Learning English from the News.
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We'll be back next week with another news story.
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If you found this programme interesting,
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try our series of BBC documentaries made easier for you.
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It's called Our World in English and you can find it on our website bbclearningenglish.com.
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Bye for now.
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Goodbye.
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इस प्रोग्राम में हम इबोला के प्रकोप के बारे में चर्चा कर रहे हैं, जो डेमोक्रेटिक रिपब्लिक ऑफ कॉन्गो और युगांडा में तेजी से फैल रहा है। इबोला एक गंभीर बीमारी है जो जंगली जानवरों से फैलती है और यह मानव शरीर में संक्रमित तरल पदार्थों, जैसे रक्त, मूत्र और उल्टी के संपर्क से फैलती है। इस वीडियो में, हम उन प्रमुख शब्दों और वाक्यों पर ध्यान केंद्रित कर रहे हैं, जो इस समाचार को समझने में मदद करेंगे।
रोजमर्रा की बातचीत के लिए शीर्ष 5 वाक्यांश
- आउटब्रेक: यह अचानक किसी चीज का प्रकट होना है, विशेष रूप से खतरनाक या अप्रिय चीजों का।
- इरप्ट: इसका अर्थ है अचानक और बड़े पैमाने पर शुरू होना।
- फैलना: यह लोगों के बीच तेजी से संक्रमण फैलने की प्रक्रिया को दर्शाता है।
- खुशी का इजहार करना: यह एक भावना का अचानक और तीव्र रूप से प्रकट होना दर्शाता है।
- शांत प्रदर्शनों में हिंसा का इरप्शन: इसका उपयोग उन स्थितियों में किया जाता है जब तनाव या संघर्ष अचानक बढ़ जाता है।
चरण-दर-चरण shadowing गाइड
इस वीडियो को समझने के लिए, आप shadow speech तकनीक का उपयोग कर सकते हैं। यहां कुछ चरण दिए गए हैं:
- वीडियो को ध्यान से सुनें और समझें कि मुख्य बिंदु क्या है।
- किसी विशेष वाक्यांश या शब्द को चुनें, जैसे "compact outbreak" या "erupt"।
- वीडियो को रोकें और फिर खुद से इसे दोहराएं, यह सुनिश्चित करते हुए कि आपका अंग्रेजी उच्चारण में सुधार हो रहा है।
- अगर कोई कठिनाई हो, तो उसे दोहराते रहें, और अपने चेहरे के भावों को भी चरित्रित करने की कोशिश करें।
- अंत में, वीडियो के सभी महत्वपूर्ण बिंदुओं को एक संक्षिप्त नोट में नोट करें, जिससे आप इसे आसानी से याद रख सकें।
इन तरीकों से आप अंग्रेजी में shadow speak करने में सहायता प्राप्त कर सकते हैं। यूट्यूब से अंग्रेजी सीखें, और एक गहरी समझ विकसित करें। इस वीडियो से आप न केवल शब्दावली प्राप्त करेंगे बल्कि अपनी shadowing site में परिसंपत्ति भी बनाएंगे।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।
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