Pratica di Shadowing: Chest Pain - OSCE history taking for Medical Students | Drs Manual - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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219 frasi
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1
Good afternoon, my name is Anas Ali, I'm one of the final year medical students.
2
Before we start can I check your name and age?
3
Yeah, it's Zain Hassan, I'm 55 years old.
4
And how would you like me to address you today?
5
Zain is fine.
6
It's a pleasure to meet you Zain.
7
I've just been asked by one of the doctors just to have a conversation with you earlier about what's brought
8
you into hospital.
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Anything we discuss to remain confidential within the medical team as well.
10
Are you happy to go ahead?
11
Yeah absolutely.
12
Okay great so tell me a bit about what's been going on.
13
Just this morning as I was leaving my house about eight in the morning, I experienced some pretty bad chest pain.
14
My wife called an ambulance and they brought me in and here we are now.
15
I see so it seems like quite a bit has been going on.
16
Yeah yeah it was quite bad.
17
Would you say you've been quite worried about it or not so much?
18
It was quite worrying actually yeah.
19
I've never had anything like this happen before.
20
So it needs to be alright as to what's going on.
21
I see.
22
So this is the very first time you've had pain like this?
23
Like this one, yeah.
24
And can you tell me a bit more about the pain?
25
Yeah, so as I said, it was happening in my chest.
26
The whole episode lasted about 40 minutes, which is the point at which the ambulance came and gave me some painkillers to help.
27
Yeah, and would you say the painkillers have helped or no?
28
Yeah, they did help quite a bit actually.
29
Well overall you've made the right decision by coming in.
30
You did mention you were a bit worried about it.
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So we've got a good team with us.
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Hopefully we can ask some specific questions to really figure out what could be, what's happening.
33
So you've mentioned a few things already.
34
Let's start with whereabouts was the pain.
35
So you've already pointed somewhere but can you point a bit more specifically?
36
Yeah, so I'd say specifically it was in the centre of my chest.
37
I see.
38
But it did kind of move.
39
Okay.
40
Went down my arm a bit and up my neck as well.
41
Okay.
42
Did the pain move anywhere else apart from that?
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No, that was it.
44
No, maybe to the back?
45
No, I don't think so.
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No. And you mentioned it started in the morning and lasted for about 40 minutes.
47
That's right.
48
Can you describe the pain for me?
49
Yeah, it felt like someone was sitting in my chest really, it felt like a pressure being put on my chest.
50
I see.
51
And would you say the pain came on gradually or suddenly?
52
It came on quite suddenly actually, yeah.
53
Literally just as I was leaving the house, I just all of a sudden felt this pain.
54
And did it last for the whole period of the 40 minutes or would you say it came and went?
55
I'd say the whole 40 minutes it was there.
56
Anything that helped the pain apart from the painkillers?
57
Not really, no. No?
58
Kind of changing positions?
59
Did that change the pain at all?
60
No, I don't think so.
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Leaning forward?
62
No. Leaning back?
63
No. Taking deep breaths in?
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No, I didn't change it.
65
Anything made it worse?
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No, it was quite bad the whole time really.
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And just to kind of figure out how bad the pain was then, you've mentioned it was quite severe.
68
On a scale of 0 to 10, 10 being the worst pain you felt, where would you put it on that scale?
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Quite high, 8 or 9.
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8 or 9?
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Yeah.
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And how is it at the moment.
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Oh it's much better now yeah.
74
It's much better.
75
At any point if you feel like the pain is too much we can get some more painkillers.
76
I can ask one of the nurses or just just let me know if you'd like.
77
Okay thank you.
78
I've asked you a lot of questions
79
and it does give us an idea of what could be going on but I'd really like to hear your perspective.
80
Do you have any thoughts on what could be going on?
81
I do.
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I'm a bit worried that this is a heart attack.
83
Okay and why are you worried about that specifically?
84
Well I do remember my dad having something very similar happen
85
when he was about 65 at the time and he had to have you know quite a major operation,
86
he had to bypass at the time and he was off from work for you know for ages.
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Yeah it can be something
88
that's kind of really difficult for for people to go through it must have been tough on you as well and him.
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It was yeah it was very tough on all of us.
90
Yeah did he recover from that quite well afterwards on?
91
Reasonable, yeah, but he never really got back to his, you know, he seemed like a really healthy person, he seemed to come out of nowhere.
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How old did you say he was?
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65. So you've mentioned that as a concern and so that's something that we'll try and look into,
94
we'll run some investigations along those sites as well.
95
Okay.
96
And any other concerns you would say you have?
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That's the main thing.
98
That's the main thing.
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Anything else in particular you expect from this consultation, apart from finding out what could be going on? yeah just
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what can be done about it um what the next steps are really
101
so we'll just discuss a bit of that as well later on sure
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so at this stage we've already ruled out a few differentials by using socrates
103
we've ruled out aortic dissection by asking about the pain and whether it radiates to the back
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We've also ruled out pericarditis by asking about pleuritic chest pain, whether the pain is worse or better by coughing, taking a deep breath in,
105
and also changes in positioning, so leaning forwards and backwards.
106
Now I'd like to ask a few questions about other aspects of your health.
107
So have you noticed any recent fevers?
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No. Any recent weight loss?
109
No. And around the time of the pain, do you notice any nausea?
110
Now that you mention it, yeah, I was feeling a bit nauseous.
111
About ten minutes into it, yeah.
112
Okay, did you vomit?
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No. No. And did you ever at any point feel like your heart was racing?
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Yeah, I did actually, yeah, the whole time pretty much, yeah.
115
Okay, it was during the pain as well?
116
That's right.
117
Any sweating?
118
No, there wasn't sweating.
119
And have you noticed any coughs?
120
No. Brought anything up?
121
No. Any blood?
122
No, no. No. Any cough swelling?
123
No. Tenderness?
124
No. Have you travelled anywhere recently?
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No. Any recent surgeries?
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No. Have you noticed any breathlessness?
127
No, no I've been fine.
128
So you've been breathing fine and and do you ever experience any heartburn or any reflux of acid?
129
I have yeah, yeah I do get reflux actually.
130
You do?
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Yeah.
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And would you say this is a different kind of pain or a similar pain?
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No this is different actually with the pain
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that I the reflux is very much like a burning sensation whereas like I said before
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this was like a pressure like something was crushing me I think
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so it was and it's much more stronger at this pain I see
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and do you usually take anything for the heartburn yeah
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I take just Gaviscon Gaviscon did you try any Gaviscon for this no
139
because I felt so different and it wasn't I knew it wasn't the same thing
140
and have you had any recent injuries to the chest any kind of exercise or any injuries from that aspect?
141
No, no, I don't think so.
142
Now I'd like to move on and ask you some questions about your general health.
143
Do you see your GP regularly for anything?
144
Yeah, I do.
145
I get my blood pressure checked quite often and I've been diagnosed with high blood pressure.
146
High blood pressure.
147
Would you say your blood pressure is controlled at the moment?
148
Well, they're looking into it.
149
At the moment I'm taking Ramipro, but they said that the last few readings were a bit high.
150
Were a bit high.
151
Do you take Aramipril regularly?
152
I do, yeah.
153
You do.
154
What were the readings roughly?
155
I think it was about 160.
156
160 for the top number?
157
Yeah.
158
And any other medical conditions?
159
I have high cholesterol as well.
160
High cholesterol.
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Do you take anything for that?
162
I have a statin.
163
And any diabetes?
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No. Any strokes?
165
No. No. And in terms of medications, you've mentioned a few already.
166
We've talked about aramipril, we've talked about Gaviscon and statin.
167
Anything else you take?
168
No, that's it.
169
Anything over the counter?
170
No. Any creams?
171
No. Ointments?
172
No. Herbal medications?
173
No. Do you have any allergies?
174
No. No. And in terms of family's health, you've already mentioned that your father had a heart attack.
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Any other conditions in the family?
176
My mum has diabetes as well.
177
Okay.
178
Any other conditions?
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No, that's not.
180
Any heart problems?
181
No. In terms of yourself, do you work or what do you do at the moment?
182
Yeah, I'm working at the moment.
183
You're working and how is that going?
184
Yeah, it's going really well, I'm enjoying it.
185
Okay, good.
186
It's always good to enjoy your job.
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Yeah.
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Is your work aware of what's been going on?
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Have they given you time off for that?
190
Yeah, yeah.
191
I had one of my colleagues, you know, speak to them and they have their understanding of the situation and and they said that,
192
you know, take as much time as you need.
193
Okay, good.
194
Not so specific questions about yourself that we ask everyone.
195
Do you smoke at all?
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I do, yeah.
197
You do.
198
How long have you been smoking?
199
I've been smoking for the past 25 years.
200
Okay, and how much would you say you smoke?
201
I smoke about half a pack a day.
202
Half a pack a day, and that's for the whole 25 years?
203
Yeah, I'd say so.
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Do you drink any alcohol?
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Just on the weekends.
206
How much would you say, roughly?
207
Not a lot, maybe a glass or two of wine with my dinner.
208
Yeah, and that's for the whole, kind of, is one or two glasses of wine for the whole weekend?
209
Probably one or two on Saturday, one or two on Sunday.
210
Any recreational drugs?
211
Oh, no. No, not at all.
212
I'll go and feed this back to one of the doctors.
213
We'll have a discussion about what we think could be going on, and then we might come and do some examinations, some more investigations.
214
Hopefully that should give us a good picture of what potentially it could be or not.
215
Okay.
216
How would you say that sounds?
217
Yeah, that sounds okay.
218
So we'll go and proceed with the plan then.
219
Okay, thank you.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione si basa sul video “Chest Pain - OSCE history taking for Medical Students”. Questo video contiene 219 frasi e 1849 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 9:29. Chi parla va veloce, circa 195 parole al minuto: aspettati suoni legati e ridotti. Il 89% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è facile da seguire. 79 delle sue 219 frasi sono domande: un buon esercizio per l’intonazione interrogativa e le risposte brevi.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| lean verbo | /ˈliːn/ | pendere |
| aspect sostantivo | /ˈæspɛkt/ | aspetto |
| roughly avverbio | /ˈɹʌf.li/ | aprprossimativamente, a grosso modo |
| breathe verbo | /bɹiːð/ | respirare |
| diabetes sostantivo | /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/ | diabete |
| medication sostantivo | /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/ | medicazione |
| sweat verbo | /swɛt/ | sudare |
| ambulance sostantivo | /ˈæmbjᵿl(ə)n(t)s/ | ambulanza |
| cholesterol sostantivo | /kəˈlɛstəɹɒl/ | colesterolo |
| acid sostantivo | /ˈæsɪd/ | acido |
| afterwards avverbio | /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/ | dopo, poi |
| whereas | /(h)wɛɹˈæz/ | laddove, mentre |
| nowhere avverbio | /ˈnoʊ.(h)wɛɹ/ | da nessuna parte, in nessun posto |
| nurse sostantivo | /nɝs/ | infermiera, infermiere |
| sudden aggettivo | /ˈsʌd.ən/ | improvviso |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| rule out verbo | escludere | |
| figure out verbo | scoprire, rendersi conto | |
| find out verbo | scoprire | |
| go ahead verbo | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | procedere, andare avanti |
| go through verbo | attraversare |
Frasi da ripetere
Frasi brevi e complete del video che puoi riutilizzare nella conversazione di tutti i giorni:
- Are you happy to go ahead?
- Can you describe the pain for me?
- How old did you say he was?
- You're working and how is that going?
- Is your work aware of what's been going on?
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — un’azione iniziata prima e ancora in corso | what's been going · has been going · you've been breathing |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | I've just been asked · you've been · I've never had |
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | been asked · being put · can be done |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 50 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come you've, I'd, I'm. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, crush /kɹʌʃ/, consultation /ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, cholesterol /kəˈlɛstəɹɒl/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, consultation /ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- /h/ — va soffiata, non è muta: whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, nowhere /ˈnoʊ.(h)wɛɹ/, whereabouts /ˌ(h)wɛəɹəˈbaʊts/, heartburn /ˈhɑɹtˌbɝn/
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: cough /kɔf/, aspect /ˈæspɛkt/, diabetes /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/, sweat /swɛt/, ambulance /ˈæmbjᵿl(ə)n(t)s/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: aspect /ˈæspɛkt/, ambulance /ˈæmbjᵿl(ə)n(t)s/, acid /ˈæsɪd/, afterwards /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/, whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come lean, aspect, roughly.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.