Pratica di Shadowing: Let’s Travel to The Most Extreme Place in The Universe - Impara a parlare inglese con YouTube
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The universe is pretty big and very strange.
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The universe is pretty big and very strange.
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Hundreds of billions of galaxies with sextillions of stars and planets
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and in the middle of it all there's Earth with you and us.
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But as enormous as the universe seems looking up,
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it seems to get even larger when you start looking down.
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You are towering over worlds within worlds within worlds,
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each in plain sight and yet hidden from your experience experience.
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Let's go on a journey.
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We'll start in a park about a thousand meters long enough for a 15 minute walk.
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Every time we click this magic button will become a thousand times smaller.
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Please slip into this magic science suit so you don't die and can still see.
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Ready?
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Let's go!
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The miniature realm.
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You are the size of a grain of sand just two millimeters high,
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standing on a blade of grass that seems as tall as an eight-story building to you.
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A square meter of lawn is now a dense metropolitan area with 100,000 blades or two Manhattan's worth of grass towers.
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From your new tiny perspective,
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the park that you could quickly stroll through before is now the size of France.
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Crossing it would take at least a week.
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Human-sized humans loom over you,
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four times taller than the Empire State Building,
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their steps falling from horizon to horizon.
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A bee the size of a helicopter lands near you,
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making the ground shake as its hairy carapace vibrates with each wingbeat.
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You try to escape, but are barely able to move because the air is so gooey.
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Before you click the button,
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air resistance was barely noticeable,
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But as you're now a thousand times smaller,
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it's as if the air has become a thousand times denser.
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It feels like you're moving through honey.
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Flying insects like bees use this to their advantage.
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Their wings are not made for gliding,
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but like paddles that row through the air.
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Scaled up to human size,
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the bee would outrun a Concorde jet,
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except it couldn't even take off because it would be too heavy for its wings.
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The microscopic realm.
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You've entered the microscopic realm and are now less than 2 micrometers tall,
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about the size of an E coli bacteria.
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From your new tiny perspective,
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the park you started in is now a million kilometers wide to you.
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If you walked non-stop, it would take some 25 years to cross it.
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It's hard to grasp just how huge the microscopic world is to its tiny inhabitants.
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The giant bee that was close a moment ago is now the size of Mount Everest,
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towering high into the sky,
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but alive, humming and vibrating.
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The air here feels almost solid to you.
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On the human scale it would be as viscous as lava,
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extremely hard to push through.
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The blade of grass now expands so far you can't see its edges,
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stretching as wide as parrots would to a regular-sized human.
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You see valleys that look like dried-up riverbeds,
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dead patches like deserts, and giant craters left behind by voracious aphids.
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But if you look closely, this is not terrain.
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These are rows of individual cells,
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each the size of a house with hard exteriors like glass shells.
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Every few cells there are huge openings called stomata,
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like mouths sucking in air and blowing out oxygen.
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Suddenly, the gigantic bee begins to move.
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A construct made of rigid pieces that slide against each other like a suit of armor.
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It takes off to escape a drop of water the size of an asteroid
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that fell from another blade of grass and is now rushing at you at breathtaking speeds.
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You brace for impact, but instead of feeling a strong punch,
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you just get sucked in.
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You try to swim, but the water feels thick and sticky and holds onto your limbs like glue.
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Air molecules are free spirits,
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while water molecules act more like social creatures that group together whenever possible.
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They pull on each other and create a relatively strong cohesive force that traps you.
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You can't help it, but you're still moving,
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tumbling in all directions, helplessly dragged along by an invisible current.
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Floating in this miniature lake are tens of thousands of microorganisms.
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They take on many forms.
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Viruses the size of tennis balls float around you aimlessly.
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Others like Euglena oxyuricils pass you like freight trains.
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But most look like oily jellyfish the size of a car,
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sporting long tentacles that act like supercharged propellers.
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Despite the water holding onto them like glue,
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some move hundreds of body lengths per second,
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equivalent to a person shovelling through mud at over 600 kilometers an hour.
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However bacteria weigh so little and water is so viscous that they basically have no inertia,
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there is no gliding on this scale.
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The result is a weird jerky motion that's hard to keep track of.
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Maybe we can learn more about this strange motion if we go even deeper.
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The Molecule Realm You've become the size of a molecule,
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just under 2 nanometers wide.
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At your new tiny scale,
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the droplet now seems as big as the moon to a regular human.
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The blade of grass it rests on could reach from the tip of Alaska to the end of Australia,
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and the park is now almost the size of the solar system.
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But instead of mostly empty space,
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it is filled with stuff.
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Everywhere you look there are innumerable amounts of molecules and atoms.
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The rigid walls of the grass cells beneath you are clearly vibrating,
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rippling with waves of energy.
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The water droplet contains nearly a sextillion water molecules that are all in motion.
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Water is actually a storm of H2O molecules smashing into each other hundreds of trillions of times a second.
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Each of them is moving at speeds of around 2300 kilometers an hour and bombard their surroundings mercilessly,
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sending small objects hurtling in all directions.
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This is the source of the invisible current that you noticed when you were a thousand times larger.
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Scaling this speed up to the human scale is impossible,
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as a human-sized molecule would be two thousand times faster than the speed of light.
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All this furious motion comes from heat.
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Heat is a bit abstract at our human scale,
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where you touch something and get a vague sense of whether it's hot or cold.
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But down here, you really feel what heat is.
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motion of molecules, vibrating, twisting and colliding as if they're inside a furious ball pit.
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When these molecules lose heat,
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they move more slowly and collide less often.
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When they gain heat, they speed up and smash together with renewed fervor.
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Temperature is basically the measure of the average speed of these fantastic dancers performing all day.
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Suddenly, a molecule hits you especially hard,
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and you're catapulted out of the water droplet into the air again.
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But here, you see something unexpected.
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The stuff between the air molecules.
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Nothing.
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Between the molecules that make up the air, there is a vacuum.
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On average, a molecule in the air travels for about 60 nanometers,
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which is about the length of a hockey rink if it were the size of a human.
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If we were to compress all the molecules and atoms buzzing around in the room you're watching this in,
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they would only fill about 0.1% of its volume.
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99.9% of the space around you is a vacuum.
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You just don't notice it.
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Which also means that every time you take a breath,
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you breathe in mostly nothing with a few atoms.
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The subatomic realm.
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At your size of under two picometers,
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scale starts to lose its meaning.
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A human would be nearly two billion kilometers tall relative to you,
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so large they could stretch their arms from the Sun to Saturn.
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An atomic nucleus would be the size of a grain of sand you could hold on the tip of your finger.
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That grain holds 99.97% of the atom's mass.
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The rest, a sphere of influence about as large as the Eiffel Tower from your perspective,
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is filled with an electron cloud.
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That's basically all the places where electrons might be at any given moment in time.
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Electrons are shape-shifters that morph around outside a nucleus,
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creating a new and vibrating mess of different shapes with every new moment.
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Unlike the graceful motion of planets,
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the atomic nuclei are chaotic blurs.
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They bulge, roll, quiver and breathe.
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They hold back the same energy that powers nuclear bombs and it doesn't let them sit still.
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They twist and vibrate six-stillions of times a second.
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It's time to end our journey and return to… What are you doing?
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Stop it!
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The smallest place… We have reached the bottom,
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the border between reality and unreality.
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The scale here is the Planck length,
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which is the distance light travels in a Planck time.
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Planck time is the time it takes light to travel a Planck length.
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Hmm, okay, none of our models of the universe make sense at scales smaller than this,
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so for now, this is it.
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We think that down here,
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particles bubble into existence and then spontaneously disappear,
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creating a quantum foam of unimaginable energy.
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Can we go even smaller?
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We don't know.
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It's time to return.
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The universe is a large and strange If you look up,
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the universe is large and strange.
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So incredibly large and strange.
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But if you look down into the tiny and extremely tiny,
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the universe seems even larger and even stranger.
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In the end, the perfect place might be where you are right now.
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Not too big, not too small.
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This bird has magical powers.
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Let's see a demonstration.
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Bring in the latest scientific research.
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Wow, that's a lot of complicated stuff about the immune system and all its cells.
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How could someone possibly understand all of this?
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Incredible!
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This overview is delightful and easy to grasp, but still scientifically accurate.
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Let's make it a bit more difficult.
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Can she make all of evolution visible at a glance?
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This is brilliant!
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You can clearly see the relationships between species and how they evolved.
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And look at those illustrations!
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These posters are ready to be shared with the world.
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These very special pieces of Kurzgesagt are now available on our shop along with many other sciency products,
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all researched with care and created with love by the Burbs with magical powers.
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Every Kurzgesagt product you buy directly funds another moment we get to spend working on our videos.
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Thank you so much for being a part of our story and for making this channel possible.
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Contesto & Sfondo
Il video intitolato "Let’s Travel to The Most Extreme Place in The Universe" ci porta in un viaggio affascinante nell'immensità dell'universo e nei mondi microscopici. Parlando di galassie, stelle e dimensioni estremamente ridotte, l'autore ci invita a esplorare come la nostra percezione possa cambiare drasticamente a seconda delle dimensioni. Questo tema stimolante non solo offre un'incredibile opportunità per imparare l'inglese con YouTube, ma permette anche di approcciare concetti scientifici in modo coinvolgente e accessibile.
Top 5 Frasi per la Comunicazione Quotidiana
- "Let's go on a journey." - Invito a intraprendere un'avventura.
- "You are the size of a grain of sand." - Metafora che aiuta a visualizzare le dimensioni relative.
- "It feels like you're moving through honey." - Descrizione sensoriale per esprimere un'esperienza.
- "The microscopic realm." - Introduzione a un nuovo livello di dimensioni.
- "Crossing it would take at least a week." - Riflessione sulla scala temporale e spaziale.
Guida Passo-Passo per il Shadowing
Per affrontare le difficoltà di questo video e migliorare le tue abilità linguistiche, segui questi passaggi per una pratica efficace di shadowing in inglese:
- Guarda il video senza sottotitoli. Familiarizza con il contesto e il tema generale, ascoltando attentamente l'intonazione e il ritmo dell'oratore.
- Rivedi il video con i sottotitoli. Questo ti aiuterà a comprendere le frasi e le parole che potresti non aver colto durante il primo ascolto.
- Pratica il shadow speech. Metti in pausa il video dopo ogni frase e cerca di ripetere immediatamente quanto detto, cercando di imitare la pronuncia e l'intonazione.
- Registra la tua voce. Ascolta i tuoi progressi e confrontali con la pronuncia originale per identificare aree di miglioramento.
- Ripeti il processo. La ripetizione è fondamentale nel metodo del shadowspeak. Continuare a praticare con questo video o altri simili ti aiuterà a consolidare ciò che hai appreso.
Ricorda, il shadowing site è una risorsa preziosa per chi vuole approfondire l'apprendimento dell'inglese con YouTube e per chi desidera affinare le proprie competenze linguistiche attraverso tecniche di shadowing.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.
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