シャドーイング練習: Akira Kurosawa - Composing Movement - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Hi my name is Tony and this is Every Frame a Painting.
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So here’s a fundamental question: When you’re judging a shot, what’s the first thing you look for?
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Is it balance?
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Leading lines?
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Golden ratio?
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Color? Light? Shapes?
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I think these are all essential, and they’re all part of good images.
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But there’s one thing I always notice first Movement --For me, Kurosawa is the Beethoven of movie directors --It's that recognizable full sound that Beethoven had --that is so unmistakable A Kurosawa film moves like no one else’s Each one is a masterclass in different types of motion and also ways to combine them.
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Over a career spanning half a century he made 30 films and in all of them, the movement is surprising and cinematic.
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Wow. If you’d like to see the names of the films, press the CC button below.
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So what types of movement did he like?
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First, there’s the movement of nature.
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In every one of his films, the background of the shot features some kind of weather.
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Wind Water Fire Smoke Snow One advantage of this approach is that shots have a lot of visual interest.
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Even when people are still, there’s rain in the background to draw your eye.
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--Rain is a real emotional trigger that works in any film.
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--You know, anything that’s excessive because it gives you --another layer that the audience can relate to sensually.
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Second, there’s the movement of groups.
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Kurosawa films usually feature large groups of people who band together or split apart.
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Crowds like this are really cinematic. When you put this many people in a shot, any emotion feels big.
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If you want a good reaction shot, try using four people Or twenty-five And if you want something really big...
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Which brings us to #3: the movement of individuals.
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One of my favorite things about Kurosawa is that that his blocking is unrealistic and exaggerated.
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If someone is nervous, they pace left and right.
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If they’re outraged, they stand straight up.
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And if they’re ashamed… He would often tell his actors to pick one gesture for their character and repeat it throughout the film.
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That way, the audience can quickly see who’s who and how they’re feeling.
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Number four: movement of the camera.
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One of the hallmarks of Kurosawa’s style are his fluid camera moves that go from close-up to full shot to OTS in a single unbroken take.
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I did another essay about these shots, called the Spielberg Oner, but what’s important here is that every camera move has a clear beginning middle and end.
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Just by itself, this camera move tells a story.
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And last, there’s movement of the cut.
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Kurosawa is one of the few directors who worked as his own editor.
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One of the reasons his movies just flow is that he tends to cut on movement.
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Often, you’re paying so much attention to someone who's moving that you don’t see the edit.
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When he finishes the scene, he switches the rhythm usually by ending on something static.
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and then cutting straight into movement.
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By switching up the rhythm, he keeps you on your toes, because you can’t guess the next cut.
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So with all that, let’s break down one scene and study the motion.
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This scene is from Seven Samurai. I won't tell you what it’s about.
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See how long it takes you to figure it out. Ready?
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The first shot shows the whole village, then just the important characters then just the samurai.
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Right about here...
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most people get what’s happening.
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As Kikuchiyo sits down his mood ripples outwards to affect the whole village.
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Notice how much the wind adds to the scene. Even when people are still there’s that little bit of wind to spice up the frame.
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So that’s pretty straightforward.
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Now let’s jump 60 years into the future. This is The Avengers.
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Here, we start with a camera move into an establishing shot. But this time...
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--These were in Phil Coulson's jacket.
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We get dialogue right away.
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Throughout this scene, the only things that move are the camera and Nick Fury.
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Even though we have weather outside and actors in the background none of them are used.
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Notice that the camera movement doesn’t have a beginning or an end.
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And there’s no variation. Each shot goes in the exact same direction --Maybe I had that coming.
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But in Seven Samurai...
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The camera moves have a distinct beginning middle and end.
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And each shot changes direction from the previous one.
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As he climbs up, Kurosawa uses the movement of the flag to cut smoothly into this angle: all seven samurai and their banner, together.
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This scene has every type of movement carefully pieced together and spaced throughout.
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The weather.
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The group. The individual.
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The camera.
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The cut. But this scene tells its story mostly through dialogue --called the Avengers Initiative.
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Sure, the camera moves. But it’s pointless movement.
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For all the money that was put into it, this scene feels flat --It's an old-fashioned notion.
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But how could you improve this scene? Well...
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if you know what the scene’s about, try to express it through movement.
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Start with the character. How are they feeling?
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Is there any way the actor can convey that by moving?
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Okay, maybe that's too much. Let’s be more subtle.
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Take the feeling that’s inside the character and bring it out through the background.
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If a character is angry and menacing, you can do this Or if she's simmering with resentment.
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Another option is to contrast one person against the group.
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So if somebody suffers a very public humiliation, this works.
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Or if they’re looking for a needle in a haystack You can use camera movement to convey excitement You can cut on movement to show surprise And you can combine every type of motion into one amazing image By the way, you don’t need to put every type of movement in every shot.
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That’s just tiring.
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But there’s a nice middle ground with lots of variation and subtlety and you won’t know what works best until you try it.
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If you combine the right motion and the right emotion you get something cinematic.
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--But just for me, I look at his movies two or three times a year --just to feel, oh wow, that’s why I wanted to be a filmmaker --and look what I’m doing now.
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--Special effects, and then another movie about special effects --and then a third movie about special effects.
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Now pick any of his films. Go to any scene.
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And watch how everything moves together --You know, it’s the visual stimulation that hits the audience.
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That’s the reason for film.
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Otherwise, we should just turn the light out and call it radio.
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Subtitles by the Amara.org community
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動画の背景と概要
この動画では、映画監督アキラ・クロサワの作品における「動きの構成」について語られています。話者はトニーと名乗り、映画のショットを評価する際のポイントとして「バランス」「誘導線」などの要素を挙げた上で、最も重要なのは「動き」であると主張します。クロサワの映画は自然の動き、集団の動き、個人の動き、カメラの動き、カットの動きの5つのタイプを組み合わせることで独特の流れを作り出していると説明し、具体的な例として『七人の侍』のシーンを分析しています。
日常会話に使える注目の5フレーズ
- fundamental question：「基本的な質問」として日常会話やディスカッションで頻繁に使用されます。
- visual interest：「視覚的な興味」を表すフレーズで、芸術やデザイン関連の話題で活用できます。
- emotional trigger：「感情的な引き金」という意味で、心理やコミュニケーションの場面で使えます。
- clear beginning middle and end：「明確な始まり、中盤、終わり」を表し、物事の構成を説明する際に便利です。
- switch up the rhythm：「リズムを変える」というフレーズで、音楽や会話の流れを変える場面で使用できます。
動画を使ったシャドーイングのステップバイステップガイド
この動画は話者の発音がはっきりしているため、shadowspeakの練習に最適です。まず、動画を1.25倍速で視聴して全体の流れを把握しましょう。次に、5つの動きの説明部分を抜き出し、「fundamental question」「visual interest」などのキーフレーズを繰り返し発音して音の高低やリズムを覚えます。その後、shadow speakの基本テクニックとして、話者の発言を0.5秒遅れで追って話し、口の動きや息遣いを真似ます。最後に、動画を無音で再生しながら自分で台詞を言い換えてみることで、応用能力を高めましょう。この方法はshadowing siteでも推奨されているプロのテクニックで、短期間で発音と流暢性が向上します。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。