シャドーイング練習: Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic Listening Test 4 | Full Answers & Transcript - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Test 4.
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This is the IELTS Listening Test.
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You will hear a number of different recordings and you will have to answer questions on what you hear.
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There will be time for you to read the instructions and questions and you will have a chance to check your work.
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All the recordings will be played once only.
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The test is in four parts.
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At the end of the test, you will be given 10 minutes to transfer your answers to an answer sheet.
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Now turn to part one.
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Part one.
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You will hear a supervisor in a supermarket talking to a new worker on her first day.
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First, you have some time to look at questions one to six.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 1 to 6.
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Hello, Charlotte.
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I'm Caden, one of the supervisors.
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Welcome to the team.
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Hi, Aidan.
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It's Caden.
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I'm so sorry.
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Don't worry.
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People often get my name wrong.
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They never know how to spell it.
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It's K -A -E -D -E -N, in case you ever need to write it.
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I'll try and remember.
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So, there are a few practical things you need to sort out this morning.
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Then I'll show you what you're going to do today.
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The email I received said to go to the front desk to show my letter of appointment and pick up my badge.
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You'll need that for the staff room and other areas of the supermarket where shoppers aren't allowed.
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So, after you've finished at the front desk, I'll take you to the staff room.
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Put your coat and rucksack in one of the lockers there.
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Take whichever one is free.
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Will I have a key?
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Yes.
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Try not to lose it.
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At the end of the day, leave it in the door for the next person to use. Will do.
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You also need to go to the HR department to see Tiffany.
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She's really helpful.
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I was told to bring my passport with me.
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HR need to take a note of the number in it.
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That's right.
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Or you can show your ID card.
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I don't have one of those.
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OK.
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Tiffany will give you a uniform.
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They have lots in different sizes, so you just tell her what you need.
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I won't come with you to HR.
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I've got to go and sort something else out.
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Um, problem with a bread slicer.
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Is the HR office near the staff room?
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The staff room's on the first floor, and HR are a couple of floors above that, on the third floor.
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There's a staircase outside the staff room.
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OK.
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When you're finished with HR, come and find me in the bakery section of the shop.
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I'm looking forward to getting started.
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I'll just give you my phone number in case you can't find me.
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Have you got your phone there?
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Yes.
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OK.
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Ready?
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It's 0412 665903.
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OK.
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Done.
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OK.
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Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 7 to 10.
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Now listen and answer questions 7 to 10.
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So, Charlotte, your tasks today are in the bakery section, on the sushi counter and on the meat and fish counters.
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The first job is to check sell -by dates on the bread and cakes.
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If any of the dates are today's, put a new price label on the packaging.
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What if any of the labels are yesterday's dates or older?
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Do I throw those items away?
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Yes, but that shouldn't happen.
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We check the stock every day.
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When something needs a new price label, put a yellow one on the package next to the original price.
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OK.
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After that you'll go to the sushi takeaway counter.
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Will I be preparing boxes of food?
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For today you'll just be helping the staff.
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Yes, of course.
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You'll see lots of flat cardboard boxes at one end of the counter.
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Beneath those is where we keep the plastic boxes.
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We run out of those really quickly so you should bring more from the storeroom.
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Is that my only task on the sushi counter?
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No, you also need to clean the area where they prepare the dishes.
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There are cloths and bottles of spray by the sink.
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Oh, and please make sure you clean that, too.
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Sure.
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That's important, isn't it?
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Absolutely.
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But you mustn't wash up knives.
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You have to do some training before you're allowed to touch sharp objects.
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What should I do if there are any?
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Ask someone to put them in the dishwasher.
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OK, thanks.
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I don't want to get anything wrong.
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Don't worry, you'll be fine.
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And I'll be around to help.
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Right.
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Er, finally the meat and fish counters.
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You need to clean the area where staff serve customers, including wiping the weighing scales.
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OK.
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Anything else?
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Erm, the fish is laid on ice, but when that starts to melt you'll need to get more from the cauldron.
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I know the staff on the food counters wear a hat.
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Will that be the same for me?
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You won't be serving customers directly, so no. But make sure you put on thermal gloves when you take anything out of the cold room.
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The temperature's low enough in there to get frostbite from touching things.
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Understood.
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advice about taking up running and giving information about her club.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 11 to 14.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 14.
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My name's Liz Fuller and I'm a running coach with Compton Park Runners Club.
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Welcome to my podcast.
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If you're thinking about taking up running, I'm here to help.
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There are many training programmes available online which aim to help people build up to running five kilometres.
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Some of them are great
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and thousands of people of all ages are taking part in five kilometre races across the country as a result.
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People like them because they're easy to follow and don't push them too hard.
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However, they don't work for everyone, especially if you suffer from something like a heart condition or asthma,
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because they're aimed at people with average fitness and running ability.
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Another thing is that everyone is different, and if you have any specific questions related to your needs, there's no one to provide any answers.
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I have a couple of simple tips I always give to new runners.
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I expect you've been told to run very slowly until your fitness increases.
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Well, I find that can prevent progress.
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You should run at a speed that feels comfortable, but time yourself and try to run a bit faster each time.
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Listening to music can be very helpful.
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It takes your mind off things and helps your body get into a rhythm.
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I'd say that is better than running with a friend, especially as most people are competitive and that's not what you want when you're just starting.
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I don't think the time of day is especially important.
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Some people are better in the evening while others are morning people.
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But you need to be consistent, so aim to train regularly.
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Twice a week is enough to begin with.
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Before you hear the rest of the podcast, you have some time to look at questions 15 to 20.
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Thank you.
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Now listen and answer questions 15 to 20.
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New members often say to me that they've been put off running either
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because they lack confidence or they don't have time or they think they dislike running.
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Kerry, for example, joined the club two years ago at the age of 40.
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She'd always enjoyed running at school, but wasn't sure if she'd be able to do it.
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She was worried about being left behind and being the slowest runner.
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But, she says, she was made to feel so welcome, she soon forgot all about that.
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James had always hated the idea of running, but a friend encouraged him to come along for a taster session and he hasn't looked back.
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He never misses a training session, despite having a really demanding job.
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Leo was worried about having to commit himself to training sessions every week
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and wasn't sure he'd be able to fit training into his busy schedule.
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But, after experiencing a lot of stress at work, he came along to us and gave it a go.
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Now he says he feels much more relaxed and he looks forward to his weekly run.
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Mark is quite typical of our new members.
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He's never considered himself to be a sporty person
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and it was only when he retired that he decided to take up the challenge of trying to run five kilometres.
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It took him months to find the courage to contact us but felt reassured immediately,
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as there were other people his age who were only just taking up running for the first time.
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My own journey hasn't been easy.
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I did my first marathon when I was 37, after having had two kids.
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My husband had been running marathons for years, but I never dreamed I'd be doing one with him.
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I managed to complete it in four hours, but I felt like giving up halfway through.
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It was only the support of the spectators that kept me going.
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I do think signing up for a race of whatever length is motivating, whether it's 5k or 25k,
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because it's good to have something to work towards and it gives you a sense of achievement.
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I did my first 10k after only six months, which was certainly very challenging and not something I'd necessarily recommend.
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But after you've been training for a few weeks, it's worth putting your name down for a 5k.
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Some people find they only need a few practice runs before taking part in a race, but I'd give yourself a couple of months at least.
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Well, I hope that's given you a really good idea of what...
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That is the end of part two.
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You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part two.
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Part three.
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You will hear two students called Jane and Kieran talking about books.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 25.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 25.
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So, Jane, you'll be off to Denmark soon to do your work placement.
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Yes, I'm really looking forward to it.
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And I've just started packing up all my books to put in storage.
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Well, I hope they don't get spoiled.
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It's OK.
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My grandfather works in a bookshop and he told me how to pack them.
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Oh, that's helpful.
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He says you have to support the spine, otherwise the paper can come away from the cover.
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Yeah, that's obvious.
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He also told me to pack them flat in the box, not on their side.
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Again, because they can bend and if you leave them like that for,
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say, a year, it's quite hard to get them back to their normal shape.
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Well, it's pretty clear that ruins them.
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But a lot of people just can't be bothered to protect their books.
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He always says it's such a shame that publishers don't use better quality paper.
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It's the acid in the paper that causes the problem, isn't it?
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Yeah, that's why old books go yellow.
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You know, some of the books my grandfather's given me are like that already.
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Oh.
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I should dump them, really, if they're going to deteriorate further.
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But I'd feel bad.
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They'll always remind me of him.
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He's quite a collector, you know.
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Well, if they're important to you.
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Yeah, I'd regret just throwing them away.
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You know, maybe it's because I was taught to treasure books, but I hate seeing students force open the pages of paperbacks.
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They press so hard they end up breaking the spine.
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I know.
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But unfortunately, paperbacks aren't designed to last a long time, and people know that.
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Hardbacks aren't quite as weak.
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Yeah, they're different, I suppose.
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But I still don't think people value hardbacks like they used to.
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Well, they aren't decorative, are they, like other objects?
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Plus, nowadays, people don't keep them out on shelves as much as they used to.
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That's such a pity.
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When I visit someone, if they have, say, a colourful book on a table, it's the first thing I'm drawn to.
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I agree.
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And book covers can be a work of art in themselves.
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Some are really eye -catching.
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I've always been taught to handle books carefully.
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If you watch someone take a book off a shelf, well, they usually do it wrong.
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My grandfather says you should put your hand right over the top of the book.
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Or, if you can't do that, pull the other books on the shelf aside, so that you can hold the whole cover.
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When did you learn all this?
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He watched me pull a heavy book off the shelf
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when I was small and it fell on the floor and broke apart
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Oh dear I can still remember it
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You know what I really like?
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What?
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The smell of new books
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Me too My parents used to laugh at me
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when I was a kid because I loved putting books up to my nose almost as much as reading them
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New books aren't cheap though, are they?
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I guess we're lucky we can buy them
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My grandfather stocks second -hand books as well as new ones, and they don't smell quite as good.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 26 to 30.
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Now listen and answer questions 26 to 30.
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I'd love to have a bookshop like your grandfather.
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What's it like?
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Well, it's quite big.
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It's got two floors and an attic.
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And he stocks all kinds of books, really.
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I guess he treasures things like first editions and other rare books.
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Yeah, you might think he'd keep those in the attic or somewhere.
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So they'd be hidden?
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Yeah, but he likes people to know that he has them.
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So he puts them out in the shop, but makes sure you need a ladder to get them.
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Right, that would prevent any thefts.
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Uh -huh.
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Does he stock books for children?
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He does.
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He particularly likes to encourage kids to read.
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He always says
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that he used to sit under the stairs as a child with a pile of books and read them all.
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Is that where he keeps them then?
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Not exactly.
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He's got a dedicated area on the ground floor with cushions so that parents can enter with their toddlers,
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go there and spend some time reading to them.
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Oh, cool.
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And then there's a place for pushchairs by the front door.
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and a cafe if anyone needs refreshments.
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That's good to know.
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As I said, it's a big shop, and there's a storage area out the back as well.
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Oh, what does he keep there?
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Books he wants to throw away?
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He hardly ever throws anything away.
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He just leaves unwanted books by the front door for customers to take.
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Well, that's very nice.
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Yeah, and books people or institutions have requested, they all go at the far end.
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Oh.
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He thinks it's best to keep these out of the main shopping area as they're boxed and new.
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Did you get your course books from him?
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Naturally.
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He stocks books for a lot of the colleges.
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He used to keep these books on the first floor, but now there's a new university in my hometown.
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He's moved them downstairs to attract the students.
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They're actually part of the coffee shop on low shelves all around it.
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Pretty central then.
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You'll have to take me there sometime.
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You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part 3.
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Part 4.
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You will hear part of an environmental studies lecture on tree planting.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Tree planting now dominates political and popular agendas, and is often presented as an easy answer to the climate crisis,
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as well as a way for business corporations to offset their carbon emissions.
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But unfortunately, tree planting isn't as straightforward as some people think.
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When the wrong trees are planted in the wrong place, it can do considerably more damage than good,
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failing to help either people or the environment.
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Reforestation projects are currently being undertaken on a huge scale in many countries, and it's crucial that the right trees are selected.
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A mix of species should always be planted,
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typical of the local natural forest ecosystem and including rare and endangered species in order to create a rich ecosystem.
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It's important to avoid non -native species that could become invasive.
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Invasive species are a significant contributor to the current global biodiversity crisis,
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and are often in competition with native species and may threaten their long -term survival.
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Restoring biodiversity that will maximise carbon capture is key when reforesting an area,
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but ideally any reforestation project should have several goals.
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These could include selecting trees that can contribute to wildlife conservation,
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improve the availability of food for the local community, and maintain the stability of soil systems.
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Meeting as many of these goals as possible, whilst doing no harm to local communities,
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native ecosystems and vulnerable species, is the sign of a highly successful tree planting scheme.
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To ensure the survival and resilience of a planted forest,
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it's vital to use tree seeds with appropriate levels of genetic diversity,
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the amount of genetic variation found within a species essential for their survival.
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Using seeds with low genetic diversity generally lowers the resilience of restored forests,
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which can make them vulnerable to disease and unable to adapt to climate change.
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Choosing the right location for reforestation projects is as important as choosing the right trees.
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Ultimately, the best area for planting trees would be informally forested areas that are in poor condition.
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It's better to avoid non -forested landscapes, such as natural grasslands, savannas or wetlands,
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as these ecosystems already contribute greatly to capturing carbon.
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It would also be advantageous to choose an area where trees could provide other benefits, such as recreational spaces.
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Reforesting areas which are currently exploited for agriculture should be avoided,
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as this often leads to other areas being deforested reforested.
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Large -scale reforestation projects require careful planning.
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Making the right decisions about where to plant trees depends on having the right information.
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Having detailed and up -to -date maps identifying high -priority areas for intervention is essential.
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Drone technology is a useful tool in helping to prioritise and monitor areas of degraded forest for restoration.
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In Brazil, it's being used to identify and quantify how parts of the Amazon are being devastated by human activities,
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such as rearing cattle and illegal logging.
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A good example of where the right trees were picked to achieve a restored forest is in Lampang province in northern Thailand.
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A previously forested site, which had been degraded through mining, was reforested by a cement company,
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together with Chiang Mai University.
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After spreading 60 centimetres of topsoil, they planted 14 different native tree species,
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which included several species of fig.
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Figs are a keystone species because of the critical role they play in maintaining wildlife populations.
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They are central to tropical reforestation projects as they accelerate the speed of the recovery process by attracting animals
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and birds which act as natural seed dispersers.
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This helps to promote diversity through the healthy regrowth of a wide range of plant species.
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Unlike the majority of fruit trees, figs bear fruit all year round.
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providing a reliable food source for many species.
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At this site, for example, after only three rainy seasons, monkeys started visiting to eat the fig fruits,
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naturally dispersing seeds through defecation.
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Reforestation projects should always aim to make sure that local communities are consulted and involved in the decision -making process.
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The restoration of mangrove forests in Madagascar is an example of a project
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which has succeeded in creating real benefits for the community.
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Destruction of the mangrove forests had a terrible impact on plant and animal life,
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and also badly affected the fishing industry, which was a major source of employment for local people living in coastal areas.
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The reforestation project involved hiring local people to plant and care for the new mangrove trees.
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Millions of mangrove trees have now been planted, which has resulted in the return of a healthy aquatic ecosystem.
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The mangroves also act as a defence against the increased threat of flooding caused by climate change.
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What's more, the local economy is more stable and thousands more Madagascans are now able to send their children to school.
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One other important point to consider...
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That is the end of part four.
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Thank you.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic Listening Test 4」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：tree, questions, answer。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が334文、単語が3442語あります。 音声の長さは29:12です。 話す速さは1分あたり約118語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 単語の84%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| carefully 副詞 | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | じっくり, 慎重に |
| shelf 名詞 | /ʃɛlf/ | 棚 |
| ecosystem 名詞 | /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ | 生態系 |
| grandfather 名詞 | /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/ | お爺さん, 祖父 |
| helpful 形容詞 | /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/ | 役に立つ, 有用 |
| label 名詞 | /ˈleɪ.bəl/ | 荷札, 貼り札 |
| seed 名詞 | /siːd/ | 種 |
| survival 名詞 | /sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/ | 生存, サバイバル |
| genetic 形容詞 | /d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/ | 遺伝的 |
| diversity 名詞 | /daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/ | 多様性, 変化 |
| runner 名詞 | /ˈɹʌnɚ/ | 走者, ランナー |
| sushi 名詞 | /ˈsuːʃi/ | 寿司, すし |
| naturally 副詞 | /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/ | 勿論 |
| package 名詞 | /ˈpæk.ɪd͡ʒ/ | 包み, パケット |
| encourage 動詞 | /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ | 勇気付ける, 奨励する |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| look forward to 動詞 | 楽しみにする |
| give up 動詞 | 降服する |
| leave behind 動詞 | 置き忘れる |
| look back 動詞 | 振り返る |
| pick up 動詞 | 拾う, 拾い上げる |
| put off 動詞 | 延期する |
| throw away 動詞 | 棄てる, 捨てる |
| wash up 動詞 | 洗面する, 手を洗う |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- Will I have a key?
- Have you got your phone there?
- Do I throw those items away?
- Will I be preparing boxes of food?
- Is that my only task on the sushi counter?
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 「used to」 used to + 動詞 — 今はもう違う過去の習慣や状態 | used to laugh · used to sit · used to keep |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | you've finished · you've been told · they've been put |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | will be played · will be given · aren't allowed |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | months, which was · areas which are · industry, which was |
注意したい発音
話し手はdon't, you'll, I'dなど、短縮形や弱形を85回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: grandfather /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/, bother /ˈbɑðɚ/, beneath /bɪˈniːθ/, marathon /ˈmæɹəθən/, rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: shelf /ʃɛlf/, sushi /ˈsuːʃi/, capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, restoration /ɹɛstəˈɹeɪʃən/, sharp /ʃɑɹp/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, diversity /daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, restoration /ɹɛstəˈɹeɪʃən/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, vulnerable /ˈvʌln(ə)ɹəbl̩/, resilience /ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: survival /sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/, diversity /daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/, vulnerable /ˈvʌln(ə)ɹəbl̩/, invasive /ɪnˈveɪsɪv/, province /ˈpɹɔv.ɪns/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/, shelf /ʃɛlf/, grandfather /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/, helpful /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/, fitness /ˈfɪt.nəs/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。carefully, shelf, ecosystemなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。