跟读练习: Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic Listening Test 4 | Full Answers & Transcript - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Test 4.
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This is the IELTS Listening Test.
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You will hear a number of different recordings and you will have to answer questions on what you hear.
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There will be time for you to read the instructions and questions and you will have a chance to check your work.
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All the recordings will be played once only.
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The test is in four parts.
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At the end of the test, you will be given 10 minutes to transfer your answers to an answer sheet.
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Now turn to part one.
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Part one.
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You will hear a supervisor in a supermarket talking to a new worker on her first day.
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First, you have some time to look at questions one to six.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 1 to 6.
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Hello, Charlotte.
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I'm Caden, one of the supervisors.
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Welcome to the team.
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Hi, Aidan.
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It's Caden.
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I'm so sorry.
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Don't worry.
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People often get my name wrong.
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They never know how to spell it.
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It's K -A -E -D -E -N, in case you ever need to write it.
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I'll try and remember.
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So, there are a few practical things you need to sort out this morning.
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Then I'll show you what you're going to do today.
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The email I received said to go to the front desk to show my letter of appointment and pick up my badge.
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You'll need that for the staff room and other areas of the supermarket where shoppers aren't allowed.
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So, after you've finished at the front desk, I'll take you to the staff room.
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Put your coat and rucksack in one of the lockers there.
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Take whichever one is free.
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Will I have a key?
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Yes.
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Try not to lose it.
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At the end of the day, leave it in the door for the next person to use. Will do.
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You also need to go to the HR department to see Tiffany.
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She's really helpful.
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I was told to bring my passport with me.
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HR need to take a note of the number in it.
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That's right.
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Or you can show your ID card.
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I don't have one of those.
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OK.
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Tiffany will give you a uniform.
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They have lots in different sizes, so you just tell her what you need.
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I won't come with you to HR.
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I've got to go and sort something else out.
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Um, problem with a bread slicer.
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Is the HR office near the staff room?
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The staff room's on the first floor, and HR are a couple of floors above that, on the third floor.
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There's a staircase outside the staff room.
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OK.
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When you're finished with HR, come and find me in the bakery section of the shop.
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I'm looking forward to getting started.
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I'll just give you my phone number in case you can't find me.
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Have you got your phone there?
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Yes.
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OK.
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Ready?
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It's 0412 665903.
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OK.
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Done.
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OK.
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Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 7 to 10.
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Now listen and answer questions 7 to 10.
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So, Charlotte, your tasks today are in the bakery section, on the sushi counter and on the meat and fish counters.
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The first job is to check sell -by dates on the bread and cakes.
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If any of the dates are today's, put a new price label on the packaging.
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What if any of the labels are yesterday's dates or older?
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Do I throw those items away?
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Yes, but that shouldn't happen.
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We check the stock every day.
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When something needs a new price label, put a yellow one on the package next to the original price.
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OK.
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After that you'll go to the sushi takeaway counter.
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Will I be preparing boxes of food?
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For today you'll just be helping the staff.
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Yes, of course.
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You'll see lots of flat cardboard boxes at one end of the counter.
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Beneath those is where we keep the plastic boxes.
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We run out of those really quickly so you should bring more from the storeroom.
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Is that my only task on the sushi counter?
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No, you also need to clean the area where they prepare the dishes.
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There are cloths and bottles of spray by the sink.
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Oh, and please make sure you clean that, too.
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Sure.
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That's important, isn't it?
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Absolutely.
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But you mustn't wash up knives.
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You have to do some training before you're allowed to touch sharp objects.
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What should I do if there are any?
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Ask someone to put them in the dishwasher.
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OK, thanks.
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I don't want to get anything wrong.
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Don't worry, you'll be fine.
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And I'll be around to help.
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Right.
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Er, finally the meat and fish counters.
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You need to clean the area where staff serve customers, including wiping the weighing scales.
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OK.
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Anything else?
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Erm, the fish is laid on ice, but when that starts to melt you'll need to get more from the cauldron.
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I know the staff on the food counters wear a hat.
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Will that be the same for me?
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You won't be serving customers directly, so no. But make sure you put on thermal gloves when you take anything out of the cold room.
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The temperature's low enough in there to get frostbite from touching things.
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Understood.
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advice about taking up running and giving information about her club.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 11 to 14.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 14.
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My name's Liz Fuller and I'm a running coach with Compton Park Runners Club.
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Welcome to my podcast.
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If you're thinking about taking up running, I'm here to help.
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There are many training programmes available online which aim to help people build up to running five kilometres.
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Some of them are great
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and thousands of people of all ages are taking part in five kilometre races across the country as a result.
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People like them because they're easy to follow and don't push them too hard.
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However, they don't work for everyone, especially if you suffer from something like a heart condition or asthma,
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because they're aimed at people with average fitness and running ability.
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Another thing is that everyone is different, and if you have any specific questions related to your needs, there's no one to provide any answers.
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I have a couple of simple tips I always give to new runners.
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I expect you've been told to run very slowly until your fitness increases.
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Well, I find that can prevent progress.
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You should run at a speed that feels comfortable, but time yourself and try to run a bit faster each time.
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Listening to music can be very helpful.
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It takes your mind off things and helps your body get into a rhythm.
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I'd say that is better than running with a friend, especially as most people are competitive and that's not what you want when you're just starting.
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I don't think the time of day is especially important.
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Some people are better in the evening while others are morning people.
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But you need to be consistent, so aim to train regularly.
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Twice a week is enough to begin with.
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Before you hear the rest of the podcast, you have some time to look at questions 15 to 20.
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Thank you.
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Now listen and answer questions 15 to 20.
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New members often say to me that they've been put off running either
136
because they lack confidence or they don't have time or they think they dislike running.
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Kerry, for example, joined the club two years ago at the age of 40.
138
She'd always enjoyed running at school, but wasn't sure if she'd be able to do it.
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She was worried about being left behind and being the slowest runner.
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But, she says, she was made to feel so welcome, she soon forgot all about that.
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James had always hated the idea of running, but a friend encouraged him to come along for a taster session and he hasn't looked back.
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He never misses a training session, despite having a really demanding job.
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Leo was worried about having to commit himself to training sessions every week
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and wasn't sure he'd be able to fit training into his busy schedule.
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But, after experiencing a lot of stress at work, he came along to us and gave it a go.
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Now he says he feels much more relaxed and he looks forward to his weekly run.
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Mark is quite typical of our new members.
148
He's never considered himself to be a sporty person
149
and it was only when he retired that he decided to take up the challenge of trying to run five kilometres.
150
It took him months to find the courage to contact us but felt reassured immediately,
151
as there were other people his age who were only just taking up running for the first time.
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My own journey hasn't been easy.
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I did my first marathon when I was 37, after having had two kids.
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My husband had been running marathons for years, but I never dreamed I'd be doing one with him.
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I managed to complete it in four hours, but I felt like giving up halfway through.
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It was only the support of the spectators that kept me going.
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I do think signing up for a race of whatever length is motivating, whether it's 5k or 25k,
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because it's good to have something to work towards and it gives you a sense of achievement.
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I did my first 10k after only six months, which was certainly very challenging and not something I'd necessarily recommend.
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But after you've been training for a few weeks, it's worth putting your name down for a 5k.
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Some people find they only need a few practice runs before taking part in a race, but I'd give yourself a couple of months at least.
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Well, I hope that's given you a really good idea of what...
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That is the end of part two.
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You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part two.
165
Part three.
166
You will hear two students called Jane and Kieran talking about books.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 25.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 25.
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So, Jane, you'll be off to Denmark soon to do your work placement.
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Yes, I'm really looking forward to it.
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And I've just started packing up all my books to put in storage.
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Well, I hope they don't get spoiled.
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It's OK.
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My grandfather works in a bookshop and he told me how to pack them.
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Oh, that's helpful.
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He says you have to support the spine, otherwise the paper can come away from the cover.
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Yeah, that's obvious.
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He also told me to pack them flat in the box, not on their side.
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Again, because they can bend and if you leave them like that for,
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say, a year, it's quite hard to get them back to their normal shape.
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Well, it's pretty clear that ruins them.
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But a lot of people just can't be bothered to protect their books.
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He always says it's such a shame that publishers don't use better quality paper.
185
It's the acid in the paper that causes the problem, isn't it?
186
Yeah, that's why old books go yellow.
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You know, some of the books my grandfather's given me are like that already.
188
Oh.
189
I should dump them, really, if they're going to deteriorate further.
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But I'd feel bad.
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They'll always remind me of him.
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He's quite a collector, you know.
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Well, if they're important to you.
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Yeah, I'd regret just throwing them away.
195
You know, maybe it's because I was taught to treasure books, but I hate seeing students force open the pages of paperbacks.
196
They press so hard they end up breaking the spine.
197
I know.
198
But unfortunately, paperbacks aren't designed to last a long time, and people know that.
199
Hardbacks aren't quite as weak.
200
Yeah, they're different, I suppose.
201
But I still don't think people value hardbacks like they used to.
202
Well, they aren't decorative, are they, like other objects?
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Plus, nowadays, people don't keep them out on shelves as much as they used to.
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That's such a pity.
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When I visit someone, if they have, say, a colourful book on a table, it's the first thing I'm drawn to.
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I agree.
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And book covers can be a work of art in themselves.
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Some are really eye -catching.
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I've always been taught to handle books carefully.
210
If you watch someone take a book off a shelf, well, they usually do it wrong.
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My grandfather says you should put your hand right over the top of the book.
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Or, if you can't do that, pull the other books on the shelf aside, so that you can hold the whole cover.
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When did you learn all this?
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He watched me pull a heavy book off the shelf
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when I was small and it fell on the floor and broke apart
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Oh dear I can still remember it
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You know what I really like?
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What?
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The smell of new books
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Me too My parents used to laugh at me
221
when I was a kid because I loved putting books up to my nose almost as much as reading them
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New books aren't cheap though, are they?
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I guess we're lucky we can buy them
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My grandfather stocks second -hand books as well as new ones, and they don't smell quite as good.
225
Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 26 to 30.
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Now listen and answer questions 26 to 30.
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I'd love to have a bookshop like your grandfather.
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What's it like?
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Well, it's quite big.
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It's got two floors and an attic.
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And he stocks all kinds of books, really.
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I guess he treasures things like first editions and other rare books.
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Yeah, you might think he'd keep those in the attic or somewhere.
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So they'd be hidden?
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Yeah, but he likes people to know that he has them.
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So he puts them out in the shop, but makes sure you need a ladder to get them.
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Right, that would prevent any thefts.
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Uh -huh.
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Does he stock books for children?
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He does.
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He particularly likes to encourage kids to read.
242
He always says
243
that he used to sit under the stairs as a child with a pile of books and read them all.
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Is that where he keeps them then?
245
Not exactly.
246
He's got a dedicated area on the ground floor with cushions so that parents can enter with their toddlers,
247
go there and spend some time reading to them.
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Oh, cool.
249
And then there's a place for pushchairs by the front door.
250
and a cafe if anyone needs refreshments.
251
That's good to know.
252
As I said, it's a big shop, and there's a storage area out the back as well.
253
Oh, what does he keep there?
254
Books he wants to throw away?
255
He hardly ever throws anything away.
256
He just leaves unwanted books by the front door for customers to take.
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Well, that's very nice.
258
Yeah, and books people or institutions have requested, they all go at the far end.
259
Oh.
260
He thinks it's best to keep these out of the main shopping area as they're boxed and new.
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Did you get your course books from him?
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Naturally.
263
He stocks books for a lot of the colleges.
264
He used to keep these books on the first floor, but now there's a new university in my hometown.
265
He's moved them downstairs to attract the students.
266
They're actually part of the coffee shop on low shelves all around it.
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Pretty central then.
268
You'll have to take me there sometime.
269
You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part 3.
270
Part 4.
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You will hear part of an environmental studies lecture on tree planting.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
274
Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
275
Tree planting now dominates political and popular agendas, and is often presented as an easy answer to the climate crisis,
276
as well as a way for business corporations to offset their carbon emissions.
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But unfortunately, tree planting isn't as straightforward as some people think.
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When the wrong trees are planted in the wrong place, it can do considerably more damage than good,
279
failing to help either people or the environment.
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Reforestation projects are currently being undertaken on a huge scale in many countries, and it's crucial that the right trees are selected.
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A mix of species should always be planted,
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typical of the local natural forest ecosystem and including rare and endangered species in order to create a rich ecosystem.
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It's important to avoid non -native species that could become invasive.
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Invasive species are a significant contributor to the current global biodiversity crisis,
285
and are often in competition with native species and may threaten their long -term survival.
286
Restoring biodiversity that will maximise carbon capture is key when reforesting an area,
287
but ideally any reforestation project should have several goals.
288
These could include selecting trees that can contribute to wildlife conservation,
289
improve the availability of food for the local community, and maintain the stability of soil systems.
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Meeting as many of these goals as possible, whilst doing no harm to local communities,
291
native ecosystems and vulnerable species, is the sign of a highly successful tree planting scheme.
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To ensure the survival and resilience of a planted forest,
293
it's vital to use tree seeds with appropriate levels of genetic diversity,
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the amount of genetic variation found within a species essential for their survival.
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Using seeds with low genetic diversity generally lowers the resilience of restored forests,
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which can make them vulnerable to disease and unable to adapt to climate change.
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Choosing the right location for reforestation projects is as important as choosing the right trees.
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Ultimately, the best area for planting trees would be informally forested areas that are in poor condition.
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It's better to avoid non -forested landscapes, such as natural grasslands, savannas or wetlands,
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as these ecosystems already contribute greatly to capturing carbon.
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It would also be advantageous to choose an area where trees could provide other benefits, such as recreational spaces.
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Reforesting areas which are currently exploited for agriculture should be avoided,
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as this often leads to other areas being deforested reforested.
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Large -scale reforestation projects require careful planning.
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Making the right decisions about where to plant trees depends on having the right information.
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Having detailed and up -to -date maps identifying high -priority areas for intervention is essential.
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Drone technology is a useful tool in helping to prioritise and monitor areas of degraded forest for restoration.
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In Brazil, it's being used to identify and quantify how parts of the Amazon are being devastated by human activities,
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such as rearing cattle and illegal logging.
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A good example of where the right trees were picked to achieve a restored forest is in Lampang province in northern Thailand.
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A previously forested site, which had been degraded through mining, was reforested by a cement company,
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together with Chiang Mai University.
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After spreading 60 centimetres of topsoil, they planted 14 different native tree species,
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which included several species of fig.
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Figs are a keystone species because of the critical role they play in maintaining wildlife populations.
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They are central to tropical reforestation projects as they accelerate the speed of the recovery process by attracting animals
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and birds which act as natural seed dispersers.
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This helps to promote diversity through the healthy regrowth of a wide range of plant species.
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Unlike the majority of fruit trees, figs bear fruit all year round.
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providing a reliable food source for many species.
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At this site, for example, after only three rainy seasons, monkeys started visiting to eat the fig fruits,
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naturally dispersing seeds through defecation.
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Reforestation projects should always aim to make sure that local communities are consulted and involved in the decision -making process.
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The restoration of mangrove forests in Madagascar is an example of a project
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which has succeeded in creating real benefits for the community.
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Destruction of the mangrove forests had a terrible impact on plant and animal life,
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and also badly affected the fishing industry, which was a major source of employment for local people living in coastal areas.
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The reforestation project involved hiring local people to plant and care for the new mangrove trees.
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Millions of mangrove trees have now been planted, which has resulted in the return of a healthy aquatic ecosystem.
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The mangroves also act as a defence against the increased threat of flooding caused by climate change.
331
What's more, the local economy is more stable and thousands more Madagascans are now able to send their children to school.
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One other important point to consider...
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That is the end of part four.
334
Thank you.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic Listening Test 4”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：tree, questions, answer。 这段视频共有 334 个句子、3442 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 29:12。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 118 个词，很适合跟读。 84% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| carefully 副词 | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | 小心地 |
| shelf 名词 | /ʃɛlf/ | 架子 |
| ecosystem 名词 | /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ | 生態系 /生态系, 生態系統 /生态系统 |
| grandfather 名词 | /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/ | 爺爺 /爷爷, 祖父 |
| helpful 形容词 | /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/ | 有幫助 /有帮助 |
| label 名词 | /ˈleɪ.bəl/ | 標籤 /标签, 簽條 /签条 |
| seed 名词 | /siːd/ | 種子 /种子, 種 /种 |
| survival 名词 | /sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/ | 生存 |
| diversity 名词 | /daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/ | 多樣性 /多样性, 變化 /变化 |
| runner 名词 | /ˈɹʌnɚ/ | 跑步者, 跑者 |
| sushi 名词 | /ˈsuːʃi/ | 壽司 /寿司, 日本壽司 /日本寿司 |
| package 名词 | /ˈpæk.ɪd͡ʒ/ | 包裹, 包 |
| encourage 动词 | /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ | 鼓勵 /鼓励, 激勵 /激励 |
| desk 名词 | /dɛsk/ | 書桌 /书桌, 寫字檯 /寫字枱 /寫字臺 /寫字台 |
| capture 动词 | /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/ | 捕獲 /捕获, 佔領 /占领 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| look forward to 动词 | 期待, 向往 |
| end up 动词 | 到达 |
| give up 动词 | 投案, 自首 |
| leave behind 动词 | 遺棄 /遗弃 |
| look back 动词 | 回顧 /回顾 |
| pick up 动词 | 拾取, 撿 /捡 |
| put off 动词 | 推遲 /推迟, 順延 /顺延 |
| throw away 动词 | 棄置 /弃置, 扔 |
值得反复跟读的句子
视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：
- Will I have a key?
- Have you got your phone there?
- Do I throw those items away?
- Will I be preparing boxes of food?
- Is that my only task on the sushi counter?
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| “used to” used to + 动词 — 过去的习惯或状态，现在已不再如此 | used to laugh · used to sit · used to keep |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | you've finished · you've been told · they've been put |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | will be played · will be given · aren't allowed |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | months, which was · areas which are · industry, which was |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 85 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, you'll, I'd。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: grandfather /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/, bother /ˈbɑðɚ/, beneath /bɪˈniːθ/, marathon /ˈmæɹəθən/, rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: shelf /ʃɛlf/, sushi /ˈsuːʃi/, capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, restoration /ɹɛstəˈɹeɪʃən/, sharp /ʃɑɹp/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, diversity /daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, restoration /ɹɛstəˈɹeɪʃən/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: survival /sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/, diversity /daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/, vulnerable /ˈvʌln(ə)ɹəbl̩/, invasive /ɪnˈveɪsɪv/, province /ˈpɹɔv.ɪns/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: shelf /ʃɛlf/, seed /siːd/, genetic /d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/, package /ˈpæk.ɪd͡ʒ/, encourage /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, vulnerable /ˈvʌln(ə)ɹəbl̩/, resilience /ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 carefully, shelf, ecosystem 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。