シャドーイング練習: Dominator 3 Tornado Tank ULTIMATE Tour - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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The inside of a tornado.
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Only five research papers in history have data from in here.
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And that's why we built this monster.
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And everything about this vehicle is custom built.
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The way that it looks, the way it operates, the instruments on it, everything is custom built by us.
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Five, four, three.
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This is real life Twister.
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This is the most capable storm chasing vehicle on the planet.
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This is the Dominator 3.
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And as you can see, there's plenty of space for sponsors.
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To study the inside of tornadoes, you can't set up a lab and expect one to come through.
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So the best way is to build a lab on wheels and park the gear in the path.
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But if the powerful winds get underneath a vehicle, this can happen.
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A flip.
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So that's why we've got this skirt on the bottom here.
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This skirting has been added across the entire base of the outer armor, and that prevents wind from getting underneath the vehicle.
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But right here you can see that there's some space where the wind can get underneath.
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This is the height that we drive down the highway, but we get in the path of a tornado.
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We have a system that lowers the vehicle and drives spikes into the ground, and we're going to show you that outside in a second.
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It's this method, and the rocket system will also show you, that have the highest success rate.
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So up here, check this out.
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This is victim of the real problem of a tornado.
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Hold on!
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Hold on, Nate!
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Flying debris.
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This is heavy-duty plastic, and this was shattered and snapped off by a juniper tree inside that last tornado intercepted.
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So that leads us to the armor system on the Dominator 3.
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This is three-quarter inch steel, and this is what the shell of the Dominator 3 is made of, and we've covered that with this rough surface right here.
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This is a Kevlar-based polyethylene, basically a bulletproof vest for the Dominator 3, and anything just bounces right off.
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Okay, and over here protecting the lights is a quarter inch polycarbonate plastic that's also bulletproof.
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And the Dominator 3 has a double window system.
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We have an inner and an outer one for dual protection from flying debris.
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So this is a polycarbonate windshield and look closely and you can see all these little dents.
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Those are from pebbles moving at speeds of over 150 miles an hour inside of the tornado.
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Now I'm going to show you how tough this stuff is.
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That's tough.
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Dominator tough.
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Tornadoes do some weird things.
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And recording these events helps to verify and guide other researchers' computer models.
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And that's why we want to maximize our chances of getting great footage.
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So that's why we've redesigned the entire back end of Dominator 3
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and coated every square inch of it with polycarbonate plastic so that you can see up at the tornado,
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you can see all angles of the tornado in progress and capture that very valuable high resolution footage.
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We can also pop the back open
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and there's plenty of room for our scientific gear including our rockets which I'm going to show you shortly.
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Also plenty of room for adult diapers,
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underwear, but under here these are the muscle and cardio systems of the Dominator 3.
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When we talk about raising and lowering the vehicle this is what makes that happen.
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Listen to them purr.
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And if you go from the air compressors and follow these lines up here, they go up to our door system.
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But these doors weigh 800 pounds with all the armor so
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if you look up here we've got this complex valve system to support
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that weight and to help you push them open from the inside yeah that's our lift system
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that helps lift the heavy weight of the door.
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And these gall wing doors aren't just for looks.
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So when we're close to a tornado, we need to look at the sky.
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But also when you're up close to a tornado, you're very near the hail core
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and you could easily get a softball sized hailstone coming through the sky and hitting you in the head.
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So these doors raise up and they give us added protection from overhead.
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While the door is open, you can see the original truck door here
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and then you can see all the armor we've added on on the outside, very thick.
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Another advantage of the gull wing door system on the Dominator 3 is it fixes a big problem
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that we found out with the Dominator 1 and 2.
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So imagine you're out chasing a storm with Team Dominator
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and you're out looking at a tornado and you have to hop in the Dominator fast.
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All right, we gotta go guys, we gotta go.
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Oh no, look at that, we can't go.
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You actually can't shut the front door until the back one is closed.
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It's because of how all the heavy armor fixed together.
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So the people in the back might be out panicking, Maybe they're going to the bathroom, but this is a big problem right here.
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But now it's fixed on Dominator 3 with the Gullwing lift system.
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Pinch it off, we gotta go!
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And the last thing before we jump in is I'm gonna show you the engine underneath all this.
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Squeak, squeak, goes the Dominator 3.
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So the whole reinforced hood of the Dominator 3 comes forward like this, giving us a look at the powerful engine inside.
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This is a 6.7 liter turbo diesel engine, And this is what drives the 10,000 pound Dominator 3 at highway speeds of over 70 miles an hour.
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And we can also accelerate very fast.
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If we have to run from a tornado that's too powerful to intercept, this power stroke engine gives us the pick-me-up to get out of a hard spot.
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And believe it or not, this thing gets about 16 to 17 miles per gallon on highway speeds.
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And in case we need a pit stop, we get a flat tire, we have these protective flaps that we can lift up and access the wheel.
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Heavy duty tires, of course.
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All right, let's step inside the Dominator 3 and show you how we get our data.
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Yep, eye contact, yep, okay, yep.
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Three, two, one, release.
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Well, welcome inside the cockpit of Dominator 3.
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Good to have you.
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Kind of a standard F-350 look from the inside.
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See some cup holders, you can put your Mountain Dew energy drink right in here
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but you can definitely see a couple things are added we've
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got this peak of the armor the peak of the armor
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on the hood is designed to funnel the wind up
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and over the top of the vehicle so
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that you don't get all this debris just slamming into the windshield
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and this is where we're putting our updated live streaming panel
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because yes we stream live our tornado intercepts and storm chases as it happens
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looking in the back you can see
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that we removed the bent seats of the ford f-350 and replaced it with three additional captain's chairs.
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We pretty much live inside this vehicle.
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Comfort is important as well.
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You got a great storm chase?
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So our research is divided into two modes, intercepts and rocket deployments.
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Intercepts are measurements at the ground level of a tornado with the dominator.
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We actually started with super heavy ground probes that we would drop in the path of a tornado.
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But after having some tornadoes bend away and miss, we decided to turn the whole vehicle into one big probe.
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That way we can adjust forward and backwards with the tornado right up until the last second.
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So when we get in the path of the tornado and it's bearing down on us, I press number one to drop the vehicle flush to the ground.
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Bingo bingo bongo.
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So now we're flush to the ground but we want to make sure we're not thrown.
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So we hit this second switch.
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The spikes go into the ground about six or eight inches and that anchors us to the ground when the tornado arrives.
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Then we go to the outer switch.
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So we're lowered to the ground, the spikes are at, the windows are up, now we're in full-blown intercept mode.
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Intercepting a tornado is one of the most intense experiences of your life.
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The winds feel really powerful, so powerful that even dominator is bouncing up
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and down they make this really low roar almost like a freight train
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or a really loud waterfall like niagara falls uh the dramatic
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pressure fall makes it feel like a lot of weight is
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on the shoulders your eardrums are about to burst out
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and it happens really fast suddenly the sun is coming out
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you see the blue sky you see the tornado moving off in the distance
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and you realize that you survived it
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and then suddenly you're overwhelmed with happiness you realize
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that the dominator 3 got its job done and most importantly we know
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that we collected some incredible data from inside of the tornado.
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But as rare and valuable as that data is, it's from the ground level, just like those four other research papers.
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The Holy Grail now is actually getting data above ground level, in the heart of the tornado.
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It's only been done once, and that's where our rocket research comes in.
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Team Dominator has spent over 10 years funding different methods trying to get probes inside, but we kept running into one problem.
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A wall of powerful sinking air surrounding the tornadoes.
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It would knock our probes out of the sky right before getting inside.
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But in 2019, we finally settled on a method that would punch through the sinking air.
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And here is the Team Dominator rocket.
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Our rocket has two main parts, the rocket itself and this right here.
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This is the Team Dominator Skyfall sensor, custom made by our science lead, Mark Simpson.
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We're going to fit this sensor inside the nose cone.
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We're going to attach a parachute on it, and we're going to get ready for launch.
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We also have a parachute inside of the rocket.
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It's all ready to go.
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So we've got the sensor in the nose cone.
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We're going to stuff the nose cone on, and now we're ready for launch.
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To launch a rocket, we need to get in the perfect place in the storm, right in the inflow notch of the supercell.
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That's where all the wind is flowing in toward the tornado.
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and we need to be at least a quarter mile away from the vortex.
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There we go.
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Rockets attached.
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So this stop right here is what keeps the rocket in place.
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We've got the blast plate.
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That's needed, too, to give the propulsion necessary to launch.
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And we have these long rods, too, because that stabilizes the flight path early on.
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And we have the two rocket engines.
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Now I'm just positioning it to connect the igniters to the engine.
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That's what provides just a little bit of fire in there to ignite the rocket engine.
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I'm going to make sure positives on one side and negatives on the other and they don't touch.
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This is very intense when you know you have an F4 tornado bearing down on you.
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It's going to stay just to our west.
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What's marked?
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Am I connected?
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We now have continuity.
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I know that the red and the black are connected properly because the continuity lights are on.
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Can you close your hands?
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You gotta stand up and reach out.
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All right, we are launching in 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3.
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Okay, so now the rocket is flying toward the tornado.
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It punches through the pocket of sinking air around the vortex.
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And once inside, the nose cone pops off and the parachute deploys, and it's carried around inside the vortex, just like the movie Twister.
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And we've got to get after the rocket.
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So as the probe is getting carried around inside of the tornado, we're immediately getting live data like this.
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We've got pressure, relative humidity, we've got IMU acceleration, we've got our GPS position.
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And we even have the data of exactly how the sensor is tumbling around in 3D.
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But right now we're only getting live data at one time per second.
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But we actually have to recover the physical sensor to get the super high resolution data.
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But for the Lawrence to Linville, yeah, four tornado.
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The tornado carried it over 26 miles away from where we launched it.
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Mark, is the rocket in the tornado right now?
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I believe so.
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How high is it?
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10,000.
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10,000?
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10,000 feet?
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No, 10,000 meters.
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Yeah.
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30,000 feet, guys.
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And there it is, the yellow.
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There it is right there, the nose cone.
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Made it that bright yellow color so you could see it easily.
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See the nose cone and the parachute?
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and that is holding the sensor with the valuable data inside. So here it is.
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The moment of glory here when you retrieve the nose cone.
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This contains the high resolution data from inside the tornado, the pressure fall, the wind speed, all that 3D information inside,
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and it's all contained on the sensor in the nose cone.
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So we're going to head back to the Team Dominator headquarters and show you the data right now.
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So here's the actual data, the GPS positions of the rocket launch that we had into the Linwood EF4 tornado.
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These are the first ever data points measured above ground inside of a tornado core flow in history.
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And so each of these are data points measured at a rate of five times a second.
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The red is the actual rocket.
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And so it was going toward the tornado.
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And then the parachute popped off with the nose cone and the miniaturized sensor.
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And then it got entrained into the tornado.
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So if we look from the top, you can see that it did nearly two revolutions around the inside of the tornado.
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And at the same time, it was measuring a pressure fall of over 100 millibars.
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That's how you know it was inside the core flow of the tornado.
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And this probe then rode the mesocyclone up to 30,000 feet before falling to the ground near Leavenworth, Kansas, over 26 miles from the launch site.
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And we wouldn't have found the probe if we didn't post a picture of it.
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That's how we found the probe, over 26 miles away from the launch point.
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And thank you to Matthew and Jeremy for keeping their eyes open
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and finding that sensor in the lawn of a church in Leavenworth, Kansas.
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We're going to be doing another video
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and take a deeper dive into this first ever data collected above ground inside of a tornado.
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We're also going to talk about our future research plans, launching dozens of rockets into the tornado at the same time, dozens of sensors.
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That way we can measure gradients in pressure, gradients in temperature, and really get a three-dimensional understanding of the tornado.
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Storm season is about to get started in a big way.
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We're going to have several months of severe weather and storm chasing.
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So be sure to tune in to Team Dominator Live.
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Dominate that like button.
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Please subscribe to our channel.
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All we do is storm chase.
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We want to do it live.
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We want to do science.
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We want to increase awareness for severe weather.
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Never stop chasing.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Dominator 3 Tornado Tank ULTIMATE Tour」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：tornado, dominator, inside, rocket, ground。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が218文、単語が2590語あります。 音声の長さは14:56です。 話す速さは1分あたり約173語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の83%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| tornado 名詞 | /tɔɹˈneɪ.doʊ/ | 竜巻, トルネード |
| sensor 名詞 | /ˈsɛn.sɚ/ | センサー, センサ |
| cone 名詞 | /ˈkoʊn/ | 直円錐面, 直円錐の円錐面 |
| intercept 動詞 | /ɪntɚˈsɛpt/ | 阻止する |
| armor 名詞 | /ˈɑːɹ.mɚ/ | 鎧, 装甲 |
| parachute 名詞 | /ˈpæɹəʃut/ | 落下傘, パラシュート |
| polycarbonate 名詞 | /ˌpɑ.liˈkɑɹ.bə.neɪt/ | ポリカーボネート |
| vortex 名詞 | /ˈvɔɹtɛks/ | 渦 |
| debris 名詞 | /ˈdɛbɹi/ | 残骸 |
| spike 名詞 | /spaɪk/ | 針 |
| bulletproof 形容詞 | /ˈbʊlɪtpɹuf/ | 防弾 |
| windshield 名詞 | /wɪnˈʃiːld/ | フロントガラス |
| bingo 名詞 | /ˈbɪŋ.ɡoʊ/ | ビンゴ |
| skirt 名詞 | /skɚt/ | スカート |
| tire 動詞 | /ˈtaɪ̯ɚ/ | 疲れる |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| come out 動詞 | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | 出る |
| look up 動詞 | /ˌlʊk ˈʌp/ | 見上げる |
| stand up 動詞 | 立ち上がる |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- You got a great storm chase?
- We've got the blast plate.
- It's going to stay just to our west.
- Can you close your hands?
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | has been added · was shattered · is made |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | has been added · we've covered · we've redesigned |
注意したい発音
話し手はwe're, we've, I'mなど、短縮形や弱形を54回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: parachute /ˈpæɹəʃut/, windshield /wɪnˈʃiːld/, flush /ˈflʌʃ/, propulsion /pɹəˈpʌlʃən/, shatter /ˈʃætɚ/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: polycarbonate /ˌpɑ.liˈkɑɹ.bə.neɪt/, continuity /ˌkɑn.tɪˈn(j)u.ə.ti/, accelerate /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/, acceleration /əkˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, humidity /hjuːˈmɪd.ə.ti/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: polycarbonate /ˌpɑ.liˈkɑɹ.bə.neɪt/, bulletproof /ˈbʊlɪtpɹuf/, propulsion /pɹəˈpʌlʃən/, accelerate /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/, acceleration /əkˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: vortex /ˈvɔɹtɛks/, overwhelm /ˌoʊ.vɚˈwɛlm/, retrieve /ɹɪˈtɹiːv/, vest /vɛst/, verify /ˈvɛɹɪfaɪ/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: bulletproof /ˈbʊlɪtpɹuf/, flush /ˈflʌʃ/, funnel /ˈfʌnəl/, waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/, reinforce /ˌɹiː.ɪnˈfɔːs/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。tornado, sensor, coneなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。