Практика Shadowing: Dominator 3 Tornado Tank ULTIMATE Tour - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
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The inside of a tornado.
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Only five research papers in history have data from in here.
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And that's why we built this monster.
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And everything about this vehicle is custom built.
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The way that it looks, the way it operates, the instruments on it, everything is custom built by us.
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Five, four, three.
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This is real life Twister.
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This is the most capable storm chasing vehicle on the planet.
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This is the Dominator 3.
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And as you can see, there's plenty of space for sponsors.
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To study the inside of tornadoes, you can't set up a lab and expect one to come through.
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So the best way is to build a lab on wheels and park the gear in the path.
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But if the powerful winds get underneath a vehicle, this can happen.
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A flip.
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So that's why we've got this skirt on the bottom here.
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This skirting has been added across the entire base of the outer armor, and that prevents wind from getting underneath the vehicle.
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But right here you can see that there's some space where the wind can get underneath.
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This is the height that we drive down the highway, but we get in the path of a tornado.
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We have a system that lowers the vehicle and drives spikes into the ground, and we're going to show you that outside in a second.
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It's this method, and the rocket system will also show you, that have the highest success rate.
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So up here, check this out.
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This is victim of the real problem of a tornado.
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Hold on!
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Hold on, Nate!
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Flying debris.
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This is heavy-duty plastic, and this was shattered and snapped off by a juniper tree inside that last tornado intercepted.
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So that leads us to the armor system on the Dominator 3.
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This is three-quarter inch steel, and this is what the shell of the Dominator 3 is made of, and we've covered that with this rough surface right here.
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This is a Kevlar-based polyethylene, basically a bulletproof vest for the Dominator 3, and anything just bounces right off.
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Okay, and over here protecting the lights is a quarter inch polycarbonate plastic that's also bulletproof.
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And the Dominator 3 has a double window system.
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We have an inner and an outer one for dual protection from flying debris.
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So this is a polycarbonate windshield and look closely and you can see all these little dents.
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Those are from pebbles moving at speeds of over 150 miles an hour inside of the tornado.
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Now I'm going to show you how tough this stuff is.
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That's tough.
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Dominator tough.
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Tornadoes do some weird things.
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And recording these events helps to verify and guide other researchers' computer models.
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And that's why we want to maximize our chances of getting great footage.
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So that's why we've redesigned the entire back end of Dominator 3
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and coated every square inch of it with polycarbonate plastic so that you can see up at the tornado,
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you can see all angles of the tornado in progress and capture that very valuable high resolution footage.
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We can also pop the back open
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and there's plenty of room for our scientific gear including our rockets which I'm going to show you shortly.
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Also plenty of room for adult diapers,
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underwear, but under here these are the muscle and cardio systems of the Dominator 3.
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When we talk about raising and lowering the vehicle this is what makes that happen.
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Listen to them purr.
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And if you go from the air compressors and follow these lines up here, they go up to our door system.
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But these doors weigh 800 pounds with all the armor so
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if you look up here we've got this complex valve system to support
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that weight and to help you push them open from the inside yeah that's our lift system
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that helps lift the heavy weight of the door.
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And these gall wing doors aren't just for looks.
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So when we're close to a tornado, we need to look at the sky.
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But also when you're up close to a tornado, you're very near the hail core
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and you could easily get a softball sized hailstone coming through the sky and hitting you in the head.
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So these doors raise up and they give us added protection from overhead.
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While the door is open, you can see the original truck door here
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and then you can see all the armor we've added on on the outside, very thick.
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Another advantage of the gull wing door system on the Dominator 3 is it fixes a big problem
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that we found out with the Dominator 1 and 2.
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So imagine you're out chasing a storm with Team Dominator
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and you're out looking at a tornado and you have to hop in the Dominator fast.
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All right, we gotta go guys, we gotta go.
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Oh no, look at that, we can't go.
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You actually can't shut the front door until the back one is closed.
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It's because of how all the heavy armor fixed together.
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So the people in the back might be out panicking, Maybe they're going to the bathroom, but this is a big problem right here.
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But now it's fixed on Dominator 3 with the Gullwing lift system.
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Pinch it off, we gotta go!
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And the last thing before we jump in is I'm gonna show you the engine underneath all this.
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Squeak, squeak, goes the Dominator 3.
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So the whole reinforced hood of the Dominator 3 comes forward like this, giving us a look at the powerful engine inside.
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This is a 6.7 liter turbo diesel engine, And this is what drives the 10,000 pound Dominator 3 at highway speeds of over 70 miles an hour.
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And we can also accelerate very fast.
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If we have to run from a tornado that's too powerful to intercept, this power stroke engine gives us the pick-me-up to get out of a hard spot.
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And believe it or not, this thing gets about 16 to 17 miles per gallon on highway speeds.
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And in case we need a pit stop, we get a flat tire, we have these protective flaps that we can lift up and access the wheel.
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Heavy duty tires, of course.
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All right, let's step inside the Dominator 3 and show you how we get our data.
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Yep, eye contact, yep, okay, yep.
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Three, two, one, release.
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Well, welcome inside the cockpit of Dominator 3.
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Good to have you.
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Kind of a standard F-350 look from the inside.
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See some cup holders, you can put your Mountain Dew energy drink right in here
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but you can definitely see a couple things are added we've
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got this peak of the armor the peak of the armor
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on the hood is designed to funnel the wind up
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and over the top of the vehicle so
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that you don't get all this debris just slamming into the windshield
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and this is where we're putting our updated live streaming panel
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because yes we stream live our tornado intercepts and storm chases as it happens
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looking in the back you can see
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that we removed the bent seats of the ford f-350 and replaced it with three additional captain's chairs.
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We pretty much live inside this vehicle.
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Comfort is important as well.
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You got a great storm chase?
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So our research is divided into two modes, intercepts and rocket deployments.
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Intercepts are measurements at the ground level of a tornado with the dominator.
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We actually started with super heavy ground probes that we would drop in the path of a tornado.
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But after having some tornadoes bend away and miss, we decided to turn the whole vehicle into one big probe.
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That way we can adjust forward and backwards with the tornado right up until the last second.
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So when we get in the path of the tornado and it's bearing down on us, I press number one to drop the vehicle flush to the ground.
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Bingo bingo bongo.
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So now we're flush to the ground but we want to make sure we're not thrown.
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So we hit this second switch.
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The spikes go into the ground about six or eight inches and that anchors us to the ground when the tornado arrives.
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Then we go to the outer switch.
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So we're lowered to the ground, the spikes are at, the windows are up, now we're in full-blown intercept mode.
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Intercepting a tornado is one of the most intense experiences of your life.
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The winds feel really powerful, so powerful that even dominator is bouncing up
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and down they make this really low roar almost like a freight train
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or a really loud waterfall like niagara falls uh the dramatic
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pressure fall makes it feel like a lot of weight is
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on the shoulders your eardrums are about to burst out
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and it happens really fast suddenly the sun is coming out
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you see the blue sky you see the tornado moving off in the distance
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and you realize that you survived it
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and then suddenly you're overwhelmed with happiness you realize
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that the dominator 3 got its job done and most importantly we know
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that we collected some incredible data from inside of the tornado.
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But as rare and valuable as that data is, it's from the ground level, just like those four other research papers.
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The Holy Grail now is actually getting data above ground level, in the heart of the tornado.
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It's only been done once, and that's where our rocket research comes in.
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Team Dominator has spent over 10 years funding different methods trying to get probes inside, but we kept running into one problem.
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A wall of powerful sinking air surrounding the tornadoes.
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It would knock our probes out of the sky right before getting inside.
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But in 2019, we finally settled on a method that would punch through the sinking air.
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And here is the Team Dominator rocket.
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Our rocket has two main parts, the rocket itself and this right here.
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This is the Team Dominator Skyfall sensor, custom made by our science lead, Mark Simpson.
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We're going to fit this sensor inside the nose cone.
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We're going to attach a parachute on it, and we're going to get ready for launch.
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We also have a parachute inside of the rocket.
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It's all ready to go.
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So we've got the sensor in the nose cone.
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We're going to stuff the nose cone on, and now we're ready for launch.
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To launch a rocket, we need to get in the perfect place in the storm, right in the inflow notch of the supercell.
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That's where all the wind is flowing in toward the tornado.
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and we need to be at least a quarter mile away from the vortex.
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There we go.
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Rockets attached.
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So this stop right here is what keeps the rocket in place.
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We've got the blast plate.
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That's needed, too, to give the propulsion necessary to launch.
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And we have these long rods, too, because that stabilizes the flight path early on.
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And we have the two rocket engines.
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Now I'm just positioning it to connect the igniters to the engine.
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That's what provides just a little bit of fire in there to ignite the rocket engine.
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I'm going to make sure positives on one side and negatives on the other and they don't touch.
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This is very intense when you know you have an F4 tornado bearing down on you.
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It's going to stay just to our west.
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What's marked?
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Am I connected?
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We now have continuity.
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I know that the red and the black are connected properly because the continuity lights are on.
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Can you close your hands?
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You gotta stand up and reach out.
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All right, we are launching in 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3.
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Okay, so now the rocket is flying toward the tornado.
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It punches through the pocket of sinking air around the vortex.
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And once inside, the nose cone pops off and the parachute deploys, and it's carried around inside the vortex, just like the movie Twister.
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And we've got to get after the rocket.
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So as the probe is getting carried around inside of the tornado, we're immediately getting live data like this.
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We've got pressure, relative humidity, we've got IMU acceleration, we've got our GPS position.
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And we even have the data of exactly how the sensor is tumbling around in 3D.
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But right now we're only getting live data at one time per second.
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But we actually have to recover the physical sensor to get the super high resolution data.
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But for the Lawrence to Linville, yeah, four tornado.
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The tornado carried it over 26 miles away from where we launched it.
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Mark, is the rocket in the tornado right now?
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I believe so.
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How high is it?
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10,000.
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10,000?
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10,000 feet?
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No, 10,000 meters.
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Yeah.
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30,000 feet, guys.
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And there it is, the yellow.
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There it is right there, the nose cone.
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Made it that bright yellow color so you could see it easily.
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See the nose cone and the parachute?
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and that is holding the sensor with the valuable data inside. So here it is.
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The moment of glory here when you retrieve the nose cone.
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This contains the high resolution data from inside the tornado, the pressure fall, the wind speed, all that 3D information inside,
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and it's all contained on the sensor in the nose cone.
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So we're going to head back to the Team Dominator headquarters and show you the data right now.
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So here's the actual data, the GPS positions of the rocket launch that we had into the Linwood EF4 tornado.
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These are the first ever data points measured above ground inside of a tornado core flow in history.
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And so each of these are data points measured at a rate of five times a second.
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The red is the actual rocket.
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And so it was going toward the tornado.
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And then the parachute popped off with the nose cone and the miniaturized sensor.
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And then it got entrained into the tornado.
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So if we look from the top, you can see that it did nearly two revolutions around the inside of the tornado.
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And at the same time, it was measuring a pressure fall of over 100 millibars.
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That's how you know it was inside the core flow of the tornado.
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And this probe then rode the mesocyclone up to 30,000 feet before falling to the ground near Leavenworth, Kansas, over 26 miles from the launch site.
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And we wouldn't have found the probe if we didn't post a picture of it.
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That's how we found the probe, over 26 miles away from the launch point.
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And thank you to Matthew and Jeremy for keeping their eyes open
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and finding that sensor in the lawn of a church in Leavenworth, Kansas.
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We're going to be doing another video
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and take a deeper dive into this first ever data collected above ground inside of a tornado.
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We're also going to talk about our future research plans, launching dozens of rockets into the tornado at the same time, dozens of sensors.
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That way we can measure gradients in pressure, gradients in temperature, and really get a three-dimensional understanding of the tornado.
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Storm season is about to get started in a big way.
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We're going to have several months of severe weather and storm chasing.
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So be sure to tune in to Team Dominator Live.
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Dominate that like button.
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Please subscribe to our channel.
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All we do is storm chase.
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We want to do it live.
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We want to do science.
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We want to increase awareness for severe weather.
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Never stop chasing.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня B2 построен на видео «Dominator 3 Tornado Tank ULTIMATE Tour». Чаще всего повторяются слова: tornado, dominator, inside, rocket, ground. В этом видео 218 предложений и 2590 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 14:56. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 173 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 83% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| tornado существительное | /tɔɹˈneɪ.doʊ/ | смерч, торна́до |
| sensor существительное | /ˈsɛn.sɚ/ | се́нсор |
| cone существительное | /ˈkoʊn/ | ко́нус, кони́ческая пове́рхность |
| probe существительное | /pɹoʊb/ | зонд, щуп |
| intercept глагол | /ɪntɚˈsɛpt/ | заде́рживать, задержа́ть |
| armor существительное | /ˈɑːɹ.mɚ/ | броня́, ла́ты |
| parachute существительное | /ˈpæɹəʃut/ | парашю́т |
| vortex существительное | /ˈvɔɹtɛks/ | водоворо́т, вихрь |
| debris существительное | /ˈdɛbɹi/ | обло́мки, разва́лины |
| spike существительное | /spaɪk/ | штырь, косты́ль |
| bulletproof прилагательное | /ˈbʊlɪtpɹuf/ | пуленепробива́емый |
| squeak глагол | /skwiːk/ | пища́ть |
| windshield существительное | /wɪnˈʃiːld/ | ветрово́е стекло́, лобово́е стекло́ |
| bingo существительное | /ˈbɪŋ.ɡoʊ/ | би́нго |
| continuity существительное | /ˌkɑn.tɪˈn(j)u.ə.ti/ | непреры́вность |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| come out глагол | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | выходи́ть, вы́йти |
| lift up глагол | задирать | |
| look up глагол | /ˌlʊk ˈʌp/ | улучша́ться |
| reach out глагол | связаться | |
| set up глагол | /ˌsɛt ˈʌp/ | устана́вливать, установи́ть |
| stand up глагол | встава́ть, встать |
Фразы, которые стоит повторять
Короткие законченные фразы из видео, которые пригодятся в повседневном разговоре:
- You got a great storm chase?
- We've got the blast plate.
- It's going to stay just to our west.
- Can you close your hands?
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | has been added · was shattered · is made |
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | has been added · we've covered · we've redesigned |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 54 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например we're, we've, I'm. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: parachute /ˈpæɹəʃut/, windshield /wɪnˈʃiːld/, flush /ˈflʌʃ/, propulsion /pɹəˈpʌlʃən/, shatter /ˈʃætɚ/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: polycarbonate /ˌpɑ.liˈkɑɹ.bə.neɪt/, continuity /ˌkɑn.tɪˈn(j)u.ə.ti/, accelerate /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/, acceleration /əkˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, humidity /hjuːˈmɪd.ə.ti/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- /w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: squeak /skwiːk/, windshield /wɪnˈʃiːld/, overwhelm /ˌoʊ.vɚˈwɛlm/, waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/, backward /ˈbækwɚd/
- /h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: hailstone /ˈheɪlstoʊn/, humidity /hjuːˈmɪd.ə.ti/, hail /heɪl/, overhead /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: probe /pɹoʊb/, windshield /wɪnˈʃiːld/, bend /bɛnd/, stabilize /ˈsteɪ.bəˌlaɪz/, maximize /ˈmæksəmaɪz/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как tornado, sensor, cone.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.