シャドーイング練習: Stop Overcomplicating Studying - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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This is just noise and you need to learn to drown it out

because the more time you spend trying to find the perfect way to study the less time you actually spend studying.

Today you're going to learn how you learn because it is a superpower.

I feel somewhat qualified to explain this because I'm going into year 13

and studying 4A levels at GCSE I got 10 Grade 9s, the highest mark in the world in maths, 100% in English literature, the highest mark in Europe in physics,

the highest mark in Greece in biology and chemistry and I don't even I really think I'm going to go to physics.

So, these tips, I think, work.

My first question is, why do students in study tip videos even include long lists like this?

Is it because they genuinely want to help, or because at some level they want to show off what they've achieved?

Results like that have an opportunity cost, and I think that that does not fit quite neatly in the certificate that they come with.

That being said, an impressive set of GCSEs can be important and is a very large part of your application to university.

So, a study method is only actually useful that gets information into your brain,

a in a form that you can understand well enough to then apply it to past paper questions, and b in a reasonably time efficient way.

The obsession with optimising studying means that there is always somebody online claiming that the method that you are using is wrong.

But the supposedly imperfect method, if it actually gets you studying, is about 100 times better than trying to find a perfect method and procrastinating actually studying.

Flashcards, blurting, Feynman technique, AI tools,

revision websites, and the approximately million study apps that exist are simply tools and not study systems.

A hammer is useful, but you would be slightly concerned if somebody told you it was their entire architectural strategy.

Each tool simply helps your brain perform a particular job.

For example, flashcards help you memorize information.

The Feynman technique exposes your true understanding of a concept, and blurting reveals exactly what you can remember without any of your notes.

AI can explain concepts in simpler words than your textbooks

and past papers will test you in the exact same format that the exam will.

So the real question is not what is the perfect study method but when and how can I use these tools?

I think that effective studying occurs in three stages.

Understand, remember, apply.

Step one is understand.

Because you cannot revise something unless you fundamentally understand it.

I am a self-proclaimed annoying student who asks a lot of questions

and sometimes I might realise halfway through the question that what I'm asking has been answered 30 seconds ago by my teacher, but asking that question is much less embarrassing than pretending

that I understand something for three months and then realising the night before my exam that I actually don't.

The reason is that teachers know the course so use them.

And for introverts you can use AI with prompts such as explain and then ask me questions rather than just saying explain.

And always fact check information that it spits out.

But I promise you that the most embarrassing question that you ask in your class, in front of your whole class, is the mistake that you will not make in the exam,

purely because of how memorable it will be to you that you asked that question and got it wrong.

Then you should produce some form of output.

This includes, but is not limited to, closing your notes and writing down exactly what you understood, or writing your notes in your own words,

or recording a video of yourself explaining what you just understood

or a voice message or acting out what you've just learned

or creating a mind map or explaining what you've learned to somebody else.

Step two is remember.

The forgetting curve here which I'm sure you've seen

if you've watched about maybe five videos about how to study

illustrates how information is forgotten unless it is retrieved from your

brain frequently basically aka study influences favorite coin terms active recall and spaced repetition.

I'm here to offer a different tip because I'm sure

that we all know by now that this is how our brain works.

If we don't constantly retrieve information then, well, we're going to forget it.

The problem is that we have been taught to revise what we do know, but not to revise what exactly we don't know.

Your mistakes in your past papers show you exactly what you don't remember, which is what is being forgotten every time this graph goes down.

Because as you can see, it's not like the graph is going to zero.

You still do remember a fundamental proportion of what you've studied you're just forgetting a couple of things

and gradually over time your scores decrease.

So, consistently practicing what you remember keeps your scores stagnant.

Improvement actually comes from figuring out why you got certain questions wrong.

My solution to this was keeping a word document or a notebook

if you're a pen to paper kind of person with all of my mistakes.

Essentially a personal textbook of everything that I got wrong whenever I was doing past papers, whenever I was answering questions in class that I got wrong, etc. You get the point.

In this document you can have it for two reasons.

First of all, in math you can take a screenshot of the past paper question that you got wrong, paste in the word document,

on the next page paste the mark scheme answer and leave yourself space to answer the question.

Next to the question I would write myself margin notes.

So for example, remember to, I don't know, factorise or remember to not do whatever it is here based on the mistake that I made.

These margin notes I explicitly wrote with very large fonts and ridiculous colours because the more colourful the margin notes were, the more likely I was to remember them.

I know it sounds ridiculous, but trust me, it works.

You will remember the mistakes that you have made.

The reason that you can put the mark seam on the next page is that the night before your exam, and this works particularly well for subjects like maths or physics, where there's a lot of,

like, problem-solving questions and there's not as much essay writing, is that you can then go through and print your mistake word document

and then just resolve every single question that you've done wrong.

This bit you're not looking at a mistake document

that is the question that you got wrong

and the answer right underneath it because that's not really going to help you in the exam, is it?

Because in the exam you're not going to have the answer in front of you.

But if you can solve the questions again, you've proven to yourself that now you actually know how to do them.

I want to say that facing your mistakes is very uncomfortable

and this was one of my least favorite things to do when I was studying.

I would always procrastinate reviewing my mistakes because it is very boring and it takes a very long time.

But trust me, if you are spending as much time on doing the past

paper as you are reviewing the past paper then you are doing something right

and that discomfort is the difference between revising and actually learning and improving your scores.

Step three apply you may have heard of the word neuroplasticity usually in a youtube video with extremely dramatic music

and a brain that is glowing pink and green.

Essentially your brain in simple terms gets better at recognizing information and using it the more often you retrieve and apply it.

This happens through strengthening and forming neural connections.

This is what neuroplasticity is.

Past papers are the clearest example and the best way

that you can apply your knowledge after you've studied

because they replicate the exact environment that you're going to be tested in during your exam.

At first every question feels unfamiliar and painfully slow to answer.

However with practice you begin answering questions before you have even finished reading them, particularly in subjects that have a lot of repeated questions.

And this doesn't happen because papers get easier but

because your brain builds these neural connections for recognizing the question patterns that are asked and retrieving the information that's required.

So instead of searching through all of the knowledge

that you've learned to find the correct answer you can immediately

recognize what it is based on your past experience with of doing similar questions.

Understand, remember, apply, then start for goodness sake.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Stop Overcomplicating Studying」を教材にしています。繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：paper, mistake, study, exam, studying。この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が97文、単語が1489語あります。音声の長さは7:37です。話す速さは速く、1分あたり約195語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。単語の83%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。

この動画の重要語彙

動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語	発音	意味
revise 動詞	/ɹɪˈvaɪz/	改正する, 改める
retrieve 動詞	/ɹɪˈtɹiːv/	取り戻す
mathematics 名詞	/mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/	数学
blurt 動詞	/ˈblɝt/	口走る
embarrass 動詞	/ɪmˈbæɹəs/	困らせる
flashcard 名詞	/ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/	教材用のカード, フラッシュカード
neuroplasticity 名詞		神経可塑性
procrastinate 動詞	/pɹoʊˈkɹæs.tə.neɪt/	先延ばしにする
textbook 名詞	/ˈtɛkst.bʊk/	教科書, テキスト
pasta 名詞	/ˈpɑ.stə/	パスタ
graph 名詞	/ɡɹæf/	グラフ, 図表
factorize 動詞	/ˈfæktəɹaiz/	因数分解する
imperfect 形容詞	/ɪmˈpɜː(ɹ)fɪkt/	不完全な
introvert 名詞	/ˈɪn.tɹə.vɝt/	内向的な人
memorize 動詞	/ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/	記憶する, 覚える

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語	意味
go down 動詞	降りる, 降下する
show off 動詞	見えをはる, 見せようとする
write down 動詞	書き留める, 記す

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型	動画での表現
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している	they've achieved · has been answered · you've just learned
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる	being said · has been answered · is forgotten
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える	student who asks · remember, which is

注意したい発音

話し手はyou've, don't, I'mなど、短縮形や弱形を30回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

「th」の音: mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
「sh」と「zh」の音: flashcard /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/, repetition /ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/, screenshot /ˈskriːn.ʃɑt/, revision /ɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/, obsession /əbˈsɛʃən/
長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, procrastinate /pɹoʊˈkɹæs.tə.neɪt/, repetition /ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/, unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ə(ɹ)/, supposedly /səˈpoʊ̯.zɪd.li/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

/r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: flashcard /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/, neural /ˈnʊɹəl/, proclaim /pɹəʊˈkleɪm/, replicate /ˈɹɛplɪkeɪt/, unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ə(ɹ)/
/v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: revise /ɹɪˈvaɪz/, retrieve /ɹɪˈtɹiːv/, introvert /ˈɪn.tɹə.vɝt/, revision /ɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/, curve /kɚv/
/f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: flashcard /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/, graph /ɡɹæf/, factorize /ˈfæktəɹaiz/, imperfect /ɪmˈpɜː(ɹ)fɪkt/, painfully /ˈpeɪnfəli/

この動画での練習方法

まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。revise, retrieve, mathematicsなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →

シャドーイング練習: Stop Overcomplicating Studying - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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