シャドーイング練習: When a Bf-109 spared a stricken B-17 - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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It was December 20th 1943 and in the freezing air high above Germany,
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2nd Lieutenant Charles Charlie Brown struggled to keep his mortally damaged American bomber on course.
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Brown had been wounded in the shoulder, his tail gunner Sergeant Hugh Ecke Eckenrode was dead and several other members of the crew were wounded, some severely.
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Their aircraft, B-17 Ye Olde Pub, had been hit twice by flak as it approached its target, the Focke-Wulf plant in the German city of Bremen,
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forcing the crew to shut down one of the engines and throttle back on another.
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This had left it lagging behind the main formation of aircraft from the 379th Bombardment Group, and groups of German fighters had closed in like sharks, sensing blood in the water.
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Up to 15 fighters had attacked the bomber, and the whole tail section was shot to pieces.
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The nose cone was missing.
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The electrical, hydraulic and oxygen systems were damaged.
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The radio was out and the entrails of the crippled bomber flapped in the slipstream through gaping wrecks in the fuselage.
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But B-17s are tough old birds and this one somehow kept on flying despite the damage.
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Brown blacked out for a short time due to pain, loss of blood and a lack of oxygen, and the bomber spiraled towards the ground.
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Brown came to and realized that the B-17 was only a few hundred feet above the ground.
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He somehow managed to get it back under control and turned west towards England in safety, 250 miles away.
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Brown wasn't able to coax the B-17 much above 1,000 feet, and he was vaguely aware that he had passed close to the perimeter of a German airfield.
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Soon after he realized that a German Messerschmitt Bf 109 was flying in close formation beside him.
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It was so close that Brown could see the German pilot as he gestured towards the ground, telling Brown to set the bomber down.
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Most of the B-17's gunners were wounded.
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Only a few guns were still working and none were able to shoot at the enemy fighter alongside.
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Brown could only look on at the German pilot and shake his head.
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For a short time the Messerschmitt flew beside the bomber.
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Then it slid away above and behind.
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Brown waited for the gunfire that must mean the end of the old pub. But nothing happened.
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He realized to his astonishment that the German fighter was flying escort on the B-17.
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As they crossed the coastline and flew out over the North Sea, the fighter remained on station.
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Only when they were well out from the German coast did the fighter slide in again close to the bomber.
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Brown looked across and the German pilot looked back at him, raised a gloved hand in salute and then swung his aircraft away back towards the east.
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Brown managed to put Ye Olde Pub on the ground, not at their home base in Cambridgeshire, but at an air base of the 448th Bomb Group near Norfolk and East Anglia.
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He and all his crew, other than the tail gunner, survived.
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At debriefing, Brown told his story about the German fighter which escorted him.
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It was decided that this should be kept secret.
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The notion of an honorable German pilot choosing not to shoot
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down a damaged American bomber just didn't fit with the message that the US Air Force wanted to give out.
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Charlie Brown survived the war, went home to go to college and then rejoined the Air Force in 1949.
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He served until 1965 when he retired as a colonel.
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It wasn't until much later, in 1986, at a meeting of retired combat pilots called gathering of the Eagles, that he first spoke about what had happened.
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The response was strong, though some questioned whether the whole incident really happened.
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Even Brown began to wonder.
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His memories of that day in 1943 were hazy due to his injuries, exhaustion and the stress of combat.
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Could he be remembering it all wrong?
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Brown decided that he was going to find the German pilot involved, if only to prove that he hadn't imagined the whole thing.
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It took four years, But in 1990, Brown finally received a letter from a man named Stigler, who was living in Canada.
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Stigler explained that he had been the pilot of the German fighter who had escorted Ye Olde Pub.
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On December 20, 1943, Franz Stigler had been a 27-kill veteran pilot.
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He had flown against American bombers in his Messerschmitt Bf 109 G6 that morning, and he was refueling on the ground when Ye Olde Pub passed close by.
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He took off intending to shoot down the American bomber.
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However, as he closed with the limping aircraft, he could see just how badly it had been hit.
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He would later say that he had never seen a more severely damaged aircraft still flying.
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Stigler's commander had told his pilots never to fire an enemy who was descending on a parachute.
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While the crew of the old pub hadn't bailed out, they were clearly no longer capable of fighting and Stigler decided that he could not bring himself to attack.
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Instead he flew alongside and gestured to Brown to land.
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He just simply couldn't imagine that the crippled aircraft could possibly make it back to England.
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When Brown refused, Stigler made an extraordinary decision.
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Instead of shooting it down, he flew close formation with the B-17, hoping that this would deter flak batteries on the coast from firing at it.
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He flew with the bomber well out over the North Sea until it was clear of German airspace
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and then left it to continue towards England.
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Stigler never told anyone about what had happened.
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Sparing an American bomber would likely have led to punishment and perhaps even execution, but he often wondered if it had made it back to base.
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Stigler continued flying fighters throughout the war.
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In 1953 he emigrated from Germany to Canada where he started a successful business.
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When he heard from Charlie Brown in 1990, Stigler confirmed every aspect of his story.
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Franz Stigler and Charlie Brown were astonished to discover
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that they had been living less than 200 miles apart for much of the time since the war.
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Stigler had settled in Vancouver, British Columbia, while Brown was in Seattle, Washington.
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In the latter years, the two men remained close friends, often visiting and talking to other flyers about their shared experiences.
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Thank you.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「When a Bf-109 spared a stricken B-17」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：Brown, German, bomber, Stigler, fighter。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が66文、単語が1070語あります。 音声の長さは5:51です。 話す速さは速く、1分あたり約183語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は79%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| bomber 名詞 | /ˈbɑmɚ/ | 爆撃機 |
| gunner 名詞 | /ˈɡʌn.ɚ/ | 砲兵, 砲手 |
| escort 名詞 | /ˈɛs.kɔɹt/ | 護衛, 警護 |
| gesture 名詞 | /ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃɚ/ | ジェスチャー, 身振り |
| retire 動詞 | /ɹəˈtaɪɹ/ | 退職する, 引退する |
| airfield 名詞 | 飛行場 | |
| airspace 名詞 | 領空 | |
| astonish 動詞 | /əˈstɑnɪʃ/ | 驚かす |
| astonishment 名詞 | /əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/ | 驚き, 驚愕 |
| emigrate 動詞 | /ˈɛmɪɡɹeɪt/ | 移住する, 移民する |
| fuselage 名詞 | /ˈfjuːzəˌlɑːʒ/ | 胴体, 機体 |
| refuel 動詞 | /ɹiːˈfjuːəl/ | 給油する |
| throttle 名詞 | /ˈθɹɔ.tl̩/ | スロットル |
| parachute 名詞 | /ˈpæɹəʃut/ | 落下傘, パラシュート |
| coastline 名詞 | 海岸線 |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| shut down 動詞 | シャットダウン |
| take off 動詞 | 脱ぐ |
注意したい発音
話し手はhadn't, wasn't, couldn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を6回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: astonish /əˈstɑnɪʃ/, astonishment /əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/, fuselage /ˈfjuːzəˌlɑːʒ/, parachute /ˈpæɹəʃut/, notion /ˈnoʊʃən/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: astonishment /əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/, perimeter /pɪˈɹɪm.ɪ.tə/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: refuel /ɹiːˈfjuːəl/, slipstream /ˈslɪp.stɹiːm/, throttle /ˈθɹɔ.tl̩/, flyer /ˈflaɪə(ɹ)/, hydraulic /haɪˈdɹɔːlɪk/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: vaguely /ˈveɪɡli/, glove /ɡlʌv/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: flak /flæk/, debrief /diːˈbɹiːf/, fuselage /ˈfjuːzəˌlɑːʒ/, refuel /ɹiːˈfjuːəl/, gunfire /ˈɡʌnfʌɪə/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。bomber, gunner, escortなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。