쉐도잉 연습: English Podcast for Learning English Intermediate: Grammar & Real Conversations! - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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This is Max and Mia Podcast.
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Hey everyone and welcome back to another episode of Max and Mia Podcast.
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Glad you're here.
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Hello everyone.
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We hope you are doing very well and thank you for being here with us once again.
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Okay, so today's episode has a lot going on.
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But before we get to the main topic, we want to do something we've done before.
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And honestly, people seem to like it.
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It's a writing activity.
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And before you scroll past, hear us out.
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Writing in English is one of those skills that kind of gets ignored, right?
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Like, everyone focuses on speaking or listening, and writing just sits there.
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Forgotten in the corner.
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Exactly.
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So, today's question is a bit of a controversial one.
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On purpose, because we want you to actually think, not just write two sentences and call it a day.
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The question is… Imagine robots and AI taking over most jobs.
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Do we hit the brakes to save our jobs, or do we just learn to live in this new world?
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Think about it for a second.
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You can answer now.
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You can answer at the end.
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Totally up to you.
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But here's the challenge.
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try to push your vocabulary a little.
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Don't go for the first word that comes to mind.
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Look for something more precise, more specific.
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That's how you actually grow.
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Leave your answer in the comments.
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We'll read some of them, and at the end of the episode, we'll both give our own take on it.
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Which I'm already nervous about, by the way.
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You should be.
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Okay, let's get into it.
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Okay, so, today we're covering a few different things, but let's kick it off with something grammar-related.
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And I know, I know, grammar sounds boring, but stick with us, because this one is actually useful.
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It's about neither.
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And before you think, oh, I already know this one, you might, but probably only half of it.
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Right.
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So, the version everyone knows is the one you'd use in a conversation, like, say someone tells you,
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I don't like waking up early, and you feel the exact same way.
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You'd say, neither do I.
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That's the classic move.
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Super common.
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You've probably heard it a hundred times. But here's the thing.
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Neither can do a lot more than just agree with negative statements.
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And the two uses that tend to fly under the radar are neither as an adjective and neither as a pronoun,
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which, honestly, sound way more complicated than they are.
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Let's start with the adjective one, because it's probably the simpler of the two.
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When you use neither as an adjective, you're placing it directly before a singular noun.
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And what you're doing is saying, not one, not the other.
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Both options are off the table.
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So, for example, imagine there's an election and you're not exactly thrilled about your choices.
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You could say, neither candidate is good.
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You're not picking sides.
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You're rejecting both.
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Same structure.
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Different situations.
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Neither side of the argument makes sense, or neither shoe fits me.
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Always singular.
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Always right before the noun.
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And that's the key thing to remember.
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Singular.
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It trips a lot of people up because logically you're talking about two things.
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But the noun that follows neither is always singular.
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Now, the pronoun use is a little different.
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Here, neither stands on its own.
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It replaces the noun instead of sitting next to it.
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And this usually happens when the context is already clear, or when you pair it with of.
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The formula there is neither of followed by something like the, my, these, and then a plural noun.
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So, neither of my parents speaks English.
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I tried two keys, but neither worked.
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Or the really short version and someone asks, which one do you want?
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And you just say neither.
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That last one is honestly the most satisfying way to use it.
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It really is.
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Okay, so now that we've broken that down, let's actually hear it in action.
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Because reading rules is one thing, but hearing how it naturally fits into a real conversation is a whole different experience.
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So we've put together a short audio for you.
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This is conversation number one for today, and the goal is simple.
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Listen for how neither shows up, notice the context, and see if you can catch which use it is each time.
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Here we go.
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Okay, so I finally went to check out those two apartments yesterday.
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The ones I've been going back and forth about for like three weeks now.
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Oh, finally.
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And which one are you going with?
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That's the thing.
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Neither of them felt right, honestly.
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Wait, seriously?
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After all that?
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I know, I know, but hear me out.
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The first one, great location, right?
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Close to work, near that coffee place we like.
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But the moment I walked in, it just felt, I don't know, off.
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Like the layout made no sense.
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The bedroom was huge, but the kitchen was basically a hallway.
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Ugh, I hate when that happens.
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Like, who designs these places?
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Right?
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And then the second one?
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Okay, the space was actually decent.
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Like, I could see myself living there.
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But the building itself was a mess.
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The elevator was broken.
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There was this weird smell in the hallway.
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Okay, yeah, no. Hard pass.
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Exactly.
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So, yeah, neither option really works for me right now.
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I'm kind of back to square one.
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I mean, that's frustrating, but also, I get it.
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You don't want to rush into something you're going to regret for the next year.
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Yeah, that's kind of where I landed.
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My roommate thinks I'm being too picky, but like, neither side of that argument is wrong, you know?
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He's not wrong, then I need to decide soon, but I'm also not wrong for not wanting to settle.
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Honestly, your roommate means well, but he's been in the same place for what, four years?
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He doesn't really get the pressure of actively searching.
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Five years.
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And yeah, he doesn't. But whatever.
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We're not fighting about it or anything.
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It's fine.
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Hey, how did your job interview go, by the way?
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You had two this week, right?
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Ugh, don't remind me.
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Yeah, two interviews and I don't know, neither of them went the way I hoped.
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What happened?
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The first one was fine, I guess.
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The people seemed nice, the role made sense, but then they mentioned the salary and I was like, yeah, that's not gonna work.
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Ouch.
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And the second one?
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Okay, the pay was actually decent, but the vibe was so weird.
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Like the interviewer kept cutting me off.
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And at one point, she literally answered her phone in the middle of my response.
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No way.
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I'm dead serious.
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And I just sat there thinking, neither candidate in this conversation is making a great impression.
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And one of them isn't even me.
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That's actually a great way to put it.
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I thought so.
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But yeah, I walked out of both feeling pretty drained.
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It's exhausting, honestly.
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It really is.
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And the worst part is you can't really tell anyone how bad it went
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because then everyone starts giving you advice you didn't ask for.
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Oh, God, yes.
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My mom already texted me like four articles about how to ace your next interview.
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Classic.
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I love her, but neither the timing nor the articles were helpful.
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OK, well, that one was pretty good grammar wise, not going to lie.
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I've been listening to too many podcasts.
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What can I say?
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Haven't we all?
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Okay, so listeners, what did you think?
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I liked it.
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And what I found interesting is that neither of them was actually talking about grammar.
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They were just venting, you know.
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But the word kept coming up because that's genuinely how people talk when they're weighing two options and rejecting both.
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That's the thing.
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When something is actually part of your vocabulary, you don't think about it.
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It just comes out.
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And I think that last line from Stacy is worth going back to.
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Neither the timing nor the articles were helpful.
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That one's a slightly more advanced structure, and it landed perfectly because the conversation had already built up to it.
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Right.
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It didn't feel like she was showing off.
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It just fit.
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All right.
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But before we move on, there's actually something we didn't touch on earlier, and we should, because it's a question that comes up a lot.
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Neither versus none.
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Exactly.
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And honestly, mixing these two up is really common, even at higher levels.
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So neither, as we covered, is strictly for two things.
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Two apartments, two interviews, two candidates.
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That's its lane.
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None, on the other hand, is for three or more.
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So, if you visited five apartments and walked out of all of them disappointed, you wouldn't say, neither worked.
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You'd say, none of them worked.
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The moment you go beyond two, neither is off the table.
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Simple rule.
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Easy to forget in the moment.
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But now you know.
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Two things neither.
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Three or more.
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None.
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Keep that in your back pocket.
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Okay, new topic.
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And this one connects directly to what we've been talking about, so the timing works out pretty well.
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We're looking at short agreements.
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Specifically, so do I and neither do I, and why getting them right is actually trickier than it sounds.
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So the basic idea is this.
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When someone says something and you feel the same way, you want to agree without just repeating everything they said.
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That's where these structures come in.
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But here's where people stumble.
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The auxiliary verb you use has to match the tense of what the other person said.
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You can't just pick one and stick with it forever.
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Let's walk through it.
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If someone says, I love pizza, present simple, you mirror that with so do I.
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The auxiliary is do because that's what present simple uses.
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Now, if they said, I went to Paris, past simple, you'd say, so did I, not so do I.
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The tense shifts, so the auxiliary shifts with it.
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And it's not just regular tenses.
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If someone says, I can swim, you're dealing with a modal verb now,
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so you carry that modal over. So can I.
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Same logic applies to should, would, will, have.
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Whatever is in their sentence is what you're working with.
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Now, flip it to the negative side.
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If someone says, I'm not tired, that's a negative statement with to be.
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Your agreement would be, neither am I.
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Not neither do I.
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The verb to be doesn't use do, so neither should your response.
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And that's really the core of it.
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You're not memorizing fixed phrases.
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You're learning to listen closely to what someone says and reflect the right auxiliary back.
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Once that clicks, it becomes instinct.
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It's one of those things that sounds small but makes a huge difference in how natural you sound.
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All right, let's put it to the test.
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Conversation number two is coming up.
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Listen for how these agreements show up.
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And pay attention to which auxiliaries they reach for.
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Here we go.
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Okay, I have to ask.
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Did you end up watching that documentary last night?
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The one about deep sea creatures?
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I did, yeah.
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I couldn't sleep after, honestly.
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Some of those things should not exist.
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Neither should the person who decided to film them up close, but here we are.
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Exactly.
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But no, it was genuinely fascinating.
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Like, I had no idea how little we actually know about the ocean.
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Neither did I.
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I went in expecting like pretty fish and weird jellyfish and instead I got existential dread at 11 p.m.
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That's the experience, yeah.
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Hey, are you still going to that workshop thing on Saturday?
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The photography one?
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I'm planning to, yeah.
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I've been trying to actually commit to things lately instead of just signing up and then bailing last minute.
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So have I actually.
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I registered for that writing class two weeks ago and And I've shown up every single session, which is honestly a record for me.
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Wait, really?
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How is it?
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It's good.
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Harder than I expected.
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The instructor's kind of brutal with feedback, but in a way that's factually useful, you know?
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Like, she doesn't just say, this doesn't work.
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She tells you exactly why.
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That's rare.
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I'd take brutal and useful over vague and polite any day.
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So would I.
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Actually, can I ask you something?
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Have you ever felt like you're improving at something, but you can't really point to where or how?
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Oh, constantly.
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It's like one day things just click a little more than before, but you didn't see it happening.
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Yes, that's exactly it.
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I feel like my writing is getting somewhere, but I couldn't explain what changed.
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I thought that way with photography for a long time.
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You just have to trust the process, which is annoying advice, but it's true.
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It really is.
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Okay, totally different topic.
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Did you hear about the new place that opened up near the library?
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I think it's a brunch spot or something.
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I did.
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Someone sent me a picture of the menu.
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It looked incredible.
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So did the photos I saw.
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I've been meaning to go, but I haven't had a free weekend in forever.
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Neither have I.
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Between the workshop, my cousin's visit, and trying to actually sleep eight hours like a functioning adult, My weekends have just disappeared.
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The sleep thing is real.
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I've been going to bed earlier and it's changed my life.
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I'm not even joking.
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So have I, actually.
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Well, trying to.
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I'm not always successful.
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Neither am I.
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Last night was a disaster.
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I told myself 11 o'clock and then somehow it was 1.30 and I was watching a deep sea documentary.
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We've come full circle.
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We really have.
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But okay, let's actually plan the brunch thing like genuinely put it on the calendar.
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I'm in.
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Pick a date and I will show up.
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No bailing.
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Same.
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I feel like we say this every time, though.
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So do I.
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But this time, I mean it.
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So do I.
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Okay, that ending.
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I love when a conversation just closes like that.
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It's simple, but it works.
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And what I think is worth pointing out is how naturally the tense shifts happen throughout.
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Like, Zach says, I've been meaning to go, and Lila doesn't say, so do I.
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She goes a different route entirely because the moment didn't call for it.
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Real conversations don't just hand you perfect setups back to back.
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Exactly.
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And that's actually the harder skill, knowing when to use these structures and when to just respond like a human.
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It's not about forcing them in.
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It's about having them ready when the moment is right.
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Which is really what all of this comes down to.
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All right.
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Before we move on, we want to hear from you.
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Take any exchange from that conversation, anyone, and try rewriting it.
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Change the tense.
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Change the context.
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Make it your own.
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We're not looking for perfect.
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We're looking for the attempt.
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That's where the actual learning happens.
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Okay, last topic of the day.
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And this one hits a little differently because it's not just grammar, it's emotion.
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We're talking about wish and if only.
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And these two are essentially expressing the same thing, a desire for something to be different.
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The difference is mostly intensity.
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If only tends to carry more weight more feeling.
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But the grammar behind both works the same way.
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Here's the part that catches people off guard.
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Even though you're talking about the present, you use a past tense verb.
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So if right now, today, you don't have enough time and you wish you did, you'd say, I wish I had more time,
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not I wish I have.
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The situation is present, but the structure reaches back into the past tense to signal that it's not real.
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It's something you want, but don't have.
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And if only works exactly the same way.
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If only I had more time.
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Same meaning, just a bit more dramatic.
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Which, depending on the situation, is completely valid.
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Now, when you're talking about the past, about something that already happened and can't be changed, that's where regret lives.
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And for that, you go one step further.
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Past perfect.
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So instead of just past simple, you're using had plus the past participle.
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I wish I hadn't said that.
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If only I had listened.
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The thing already happened.
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And you're looking back at it wishing it had gone differently.
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So, to keep it clean, present situation you want to change,
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past simple, past situation you regret, past perfect.
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The further back the feeling goes, the further back the grammar goes with it.
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And honestly, once you start noticing this structure, you'll hear it everywhere.
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People use it all the time without realizing it's even a grammar point.
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Alright, let's close out today with one last audio.
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Same idea as before.
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Two friends, real conversation.
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Listen for how wish and if only come up, and pay attention to whether the situation they're describing is present or past.
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That'll tell you exactly why the verb is doing what it's doing.
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Here we go.
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Last one.
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Can I just say, I wish this week was over already, and it's only Wednesday.
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What happened?
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Everything just kind of piled up at once.
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The project at work got pushed forward.
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My landlord is being impossible about the heating.
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And I just, I don't know, I wish I had taken that extra day off last weekend when I had the chance.
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Why didn't you?
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Because I thought I'd use the time to get ahead on things, which, spoiler, did not happen.
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If only good intentions actually translated into productivity.
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Right?
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That would be great.
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How are you doing, though?
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You look surprisingly calm for someone who had that presentation yesterday.
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I mean, it went okay.
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Not great.
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I kind of rushed through the last section because I'd ran out of time.
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Oh, no. Yeah, I wish I'd practiced the timing more.
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I did the whole thing maybe twice at home, and apparently that was not enough.
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Did anyone notice?
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My manager definitely noticed.
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She didn't say anything during, but after she was like, the second half felt a little compressed,
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which is a very polite way of saying I blew it.
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I mean, it's one presentation.
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It's not the end of the world.
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No, I know.
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I just, if only I had started preparing earlier.
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I had the whole week and I kept telling myself I had more time than I actually did.
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I do that constantly.
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It's like I genuinely believe future me is going to be more motivated than current me.
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And she never is.
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Never.
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Not once has she come through.
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Okay, but genuinely, are you okay?
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Like, beyond the presentation.
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Yeah, I'm fine.
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Just a little stuck in my head about it.
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I keep replaying the moment I realize I was running out of time and the mild panic that followed.
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I wish I could tell you that gets easier, but I still do that exact same thing after anything that doesn't go perfectly.
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That's not comforting at all, Sloane.
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I know, I'm sorry.
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What I mean is you're not alone in it.
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Everyone does the replay thing.
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Fair enough.
387
Can we go get coffee?
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I feel like I need to be somewhere that isn't this building for 20 minutes.
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Yes.
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Absolutely yes.
391
I wish I had suggested that an hour ago.
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If only you had.
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Was that sarcasm?
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60% sarcasm, 40% genuine.
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I'll take it.
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Let's go.
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Sloan and Beckett.
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I liked that one.
399
Same.
400
And what stood out to me was how the regret and the present frustration were layered throughout.
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Like, Beckett is dealing with something that already happened, the presentation, and Sloane is reacting to her week in real time.
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So, you naturally get both uses without either of them feeling like it was put there on purpose.
403
And that last exchange.
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I wish I had suggested that an hour ago.
405
If only you had.
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That's the kind of thing you'd actually say.
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It's almost throw away, but grammatically it's doing exactly what we talked about.
408
Past perfect, looking back, slight regret, slight humor.
409
Perfect.
410
All right.
411
That wraps up the content for today.
412
Which means it's time for the outro.
413
And we did promise something at the top of the episode.
414
We did.
415
The question.
416
We asked you to sit with it.
417
Write about it.
418
Push your vocabulary.
419
Now it's our turn.
420
I'll go first.
421
And I want to be straightforward about where I stand.
422
I don't think slowing down technological progress is a realistic option.
423
And honestly, I'm not sure it would even be desirable if it were.
424
Throughout history, every major shift in how we work has displaced certain jobs and created new ones.
425
The printing press, the industrial revolution, the internet, none of those were paused because people were scared of what they'd replace.
426
What made the difference each time wasn't resistance.
427
It was the capacity to adapt.
428
Education systems that evolved, institutions that responded, people who retrained and repositioned themselves.
429
The real issue has never been the technology.
430
It's whether society moves fast enough to support people through the transition.
431
And I think the energy is better spent building those safety nets
432
and rethinking how we prepare people for a shifting job market, rather than trying to hold back something that,
433
at this point, no one country or institution could stop even if they wanted to.
434
Okay.
435
And I hear that.
436
I really do.
437
But I think that framing lets a lot of people off the hook.
438
My position is that progress being inevitable doesn't mean it's happening responsibly.
439
There's a difference between not being able to stop something and choosing not to slow it down long enough to think.
440
What worries me isn't the technology itself.
441
It's the pace.
442
When automation moves faster than education systems can respond, faster than policy can catch up, faster than communities can absorb.
443
The people who pay the price aren't the ones making the decisions.
444
And I think we have a collective responsibility to ask who benefits
445
and who gets left behind before we celebrate every new wave of disruption.
446
That's not anti-progress.
447
That's just being honest about the fact that adapt
448
or get left behind is a much easier thing to say when you're not the one being left behind.
449
And that's exactly why this question is worth writing about.
450
Because there's no clean answer.
451
There's just where you stand and why.
452
Drop your take in the comments.
453
Seriously, we read them.
454
And if you tried the writing challenge today, whether it was two sentences or two paragraphs, that already counts.
455
That's it for today.
456
Thanks for spending this time with us.
457
Take care of yourselves and we'll see you in the next one.
458
See you then!
459
Thank you.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “English Podcast for Learning English Intermediate: Grammar & Real Conversations!”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 459개와 단어 3844개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 26:36입니다. 화자는 분당 약 144단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 단어의 85%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| grammar 명사 | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | Korean: 문법, 문법학 |
| tense 명사 | /tɛns/ | 시제 |
| regret 동사 | /ɹɪˈɡɹɛt/ | 후회하다 |
| auxiliary 형용사 | /ɔɡˈzɪl.(jə).ɹi/ | 보조 |
| verb 명사 | /vɝb/ | 동사 |
| noun 명사 | /naʊn/ | 명사 |
| topic 명사 | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | 화제, 주제 |
| presentation 명사 | /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/ | 증정 |
| singular 형용사 | /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/ | 단일(單一)하다, 유일(唯一)하다 |
| vocabulary 명사 | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | 어휘, 어휘력 |
| audio 형용사 | /ˈɔ.di.oʊ/ | 오디오 |
| photography 명사 | /fəˈtɑ.ɡɹə.fi/ | 사진술 |
| documentary 명사 | /ˌdɒk.jʊˈmɛn.tɹi/ | 다큐멘터리, 기록영화 |
| slight 형용사 | /slaɪt/ | 약간의 |
| workshop 명사 | /ˈwɝk.ʃɑp/ | 작업장, 아틀리에 |
영상에 나오는 구동사
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| come up 동사 | 올라오다 | |
| come out 동사 | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | 나오다 |
| go back 동사 | 돌아가다 | |
| look back 동사 | 돌아보다 | |
| point out 동사 | 가리키다 | |
| put together 동사 | 조립하다 | |
| show off 동사 | 나대다 | |
| throw away 동사 | 버리다 |
따라 말해 볼 만한 문장
영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:
- That's how you actually grow.
- Did you end up watching that documentary last night?
- Actually, can I ask you something?
- How are you doing, though?
- Can we go get coffee?
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 현재완료진행 have/has been + -ing — 전에 시작해 지금도 계속되는 동작 | I've been going · I've been listening · we've been talking |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | we've done · You've probably heard · we've broken |
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | was broken · can't be changed · were layered |
| 관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보 | person who decided · session, which is · process, which is |
주의할 발음
화자는 you're, I'm, don't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 114번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, rush /ɹʌʃ/, workshop /ˈwɝk.ʃɑp/, transition /tɹænˈzɪʃ.ən/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: genuinely /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.ɪn.li/, auxiliary /ɔɡˈzɪl.(jə).ɹi/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, photography /fəˈtɑ.ɡɹə.fi/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: photography /fəˈtɑ.ɡɹə.fi/, helpful /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/, differently /ˈdɪf.ə.ɹənt.li/, formula /ˈfɔː.mjʊ.lə/, comfort /ˈkʌm.fət/
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: verb /vɝb/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, valid /ˈvælɪd/, versus /ˈvɝsəs/, collective /kəˈlɛktɪv/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: auxiliary /ɔɡˈzɪl.(jə).ɹi/, presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, sarcasm /ˈsɑːɹˌkæzəm/, transition /tɹænˈzɪʃ.ən/, disaster /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, grammar, tense, regret 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.