쉐도잉 연습: Provision LEMP with Ansible on a Raspberry Pi Cluster (Pi Dramble #4) - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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Welcome to the Raspberry Pi Dramble cluster video series.
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In this video, I'm going to show you how you can use Ansible to install all the software
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that you need onto this Raspberry Pi cluster so that you can run a Drupal 8 website on it.
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The first step after setting up all the networking is to make sure
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that your computer and Ansible can communicate with all the Raspberry Pis using the IP addresses that we had set up.
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So the first thing that I'm going to do is I'm going to make sure
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that I can ping all the servers from Ansible.
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And what this command is doing is saying look at all the servers in the inventory file
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that I specified and run the ping module which basically pings the server and checks and makes sure it can connect.
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And in this case it's saying that it can connect to all of them so that's good.
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I'll show you the inventory file really quick.
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Note that this one's a little more complicated than the one that I showed you in the networking video.
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This one shows you that I've split up the the different servers by the balancer, which is this one on the top, and then the web servers,
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which is these two, the second and third Raspberry Pis, and then the database servers, which is the last two, the master and then the slave or the replica.
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So once I've set up that inventory file and made sure that I can communicate with the servers,
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I'm ready to run the Ansible playbook that'll deploy all the software that's needed.
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So I'm going to go to the Provision the Raspberry Pi page here
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and it gives me two commands I need to run.
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First I need to make sure that I install all the Ansible Galaxy requirements.
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So I run this command, I already did that, and I also need to make sure
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that I have a config.yaml file which has all the specific settings for my cluster.
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So I've already copied this example.config.yaml file over to config.yaml, and I've tweaked a few settings to my likings.
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Once that's done, I can run this ansible playbook command, which is going to run a bunch of different task lists
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that will install all the software that you need on all the Raspberry Pis.
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One of the cool things about using ansible is, since I've already told it about all the servers that I have, I can run commands like this,
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which will check how much RAM is free on each of the Raspberry Pis using the free command.
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Once I've described everything to Ansible, then Ansible can do everything for me instead of me having to log in to each of the servers.
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If you want to find out more about how to use Ansible this way, and why you'd want to use Ansible,
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I have another video that I'll link called Ansible one-on-one on a cluster of Raspberry Pis.
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I also wrote a book on it, Ansible for DevOps, if you're interested in diving deeper.
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But for now I'm going to take this command and let it run.
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While it's running I'll kind of briefly explain what it's doing
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and then I'll let it run while the video is sped up since it takes a while to run.
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So first of all it's calling this main.yaml file.
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This file includes three different files, one file that runs on the balancer, one file that runs on the database servers, and one file that runs on the web servers.
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So let's take a quick look at the database playbook.
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If I look here, it loads some variables from these different files.
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It makes sure that there's a certain piece of software installed on the Raspberry Pi, the sudo package.
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Then it will set up a firewall, it sets up some security settings, it installs and configures MySQL for the database server,
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and it also installs Munin node which is software used to monitor the server.
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And then there's also some scripts in a custom role I have
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that installs a few scripts to control the LEDs on the front.
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notice that the LEDs right now are all turned off, but through the course of this playbook, LEDs will start turning on,
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like this one just turned on as the configuration for the balancer just finished.
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So I have some scripts that will control the LEDs from software
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and I'll show you how those are used at the end of the playbook run.
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Now that everything's finished, you'll notice that the LEDs in all the Pies, except for the two web servers at this point, are turned on and green.
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That means that they're ready to go and that I could install Drupal on them next.
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Before I get to that though,
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I'll show you how the balancer is actually balancing the request to these other two servers by loading the site www.pydramble.com,
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which is what I've configured in my config.yaml file.
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If I go here, it's actually going to send a request to this first server, and the first server is going to balance that request to one of the other two servers.
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So if I hit enter, you'll see that there is a red and a red on this one, and if I refresh the page, it's actually going to send the request to this server.
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And you'll see that every time I send a request, it always goes to the load balancer,
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and then the balancer sends the requests alternately to one of these two servers.
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So at this point it's saying file not found
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which basically means I don't have Drupal installed on the Pi Dramble cluster yet.
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Thank you.
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This C1 speaking lesson is built on the video “Provision LEMP with Ansible on a Raspberry Pi Cluster”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: server, file, ansible, Raspberry, install. This video has 58 sentences and 974 words to shadow. The speech runs for 5:41. The speaker talks at a natural 172 words per minute, close to everyday conversation. Only 76% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is demanding.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 15 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ansible noun | /ˈæn.sɪ.bəl/ | A hypothetical device that enables users to communicate instantaneously across great distances; that is, a faster-than-light communication device. |
| balancer noun | /ˈbæ.lən.sɚ/ | One who, or that which, balances. |
| playbook noun | /ˈpleɪ.bʊk/ | A book containing the text of a play or plays. |
| cluster noun | /ˈklʌstɚ/ | A bunch or group of several discrete items that are close to each other. |
| config noun | /ˌkənˈfɪɡ/ | Configuration. |
| ping verb | /pɪŋ/ | To make a high-pitched, short and somewhat sharp sound. |
| configure verb | /kənˈfɪɡə(ɹ)/ | To set up or arrange something in such a way that it is ready for operation for a particular purpose, or to someone's particular liking |
| alternately adverb | /ˈɔl.tɚ.nət.li/ | In reciprocal succession; succeeding by turns; in alternate order. |
| firewall noun | /ˈfaɪ(ə)ɹˌwɔl/ | A fireproof barrier used to prevent the spread of fire between or through buildings, structures, electrical substation transformers, or within an aircraft or… |
| refresh verb | /ɹɪˈfɹɛʃ/ | To renew or revitalize. |
| replica noun | /ˈɹɛplɪkə/ | An exact copy. |
| deploy verb | /dɪˈplɔɪ/ | To prepare and arrange (originally military unit or units, i.e., to array troops) for use. |
| specify verb | /ˈspɛs.əˌfaɪ/ | To state explicitly, or in detail, or as a condition. |
| node noun | /noʊd/ | A knot, knob, protuberance or swelling. |
| module noun | /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/ | A self-contained component of a system, often interchangeable, which has a well-defined interface to the other components. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| set up verb | /ˌsɛt ˈʌp/ | To make ready for use. |
| find out verb | To discover, as by asking or investigating. | |
| split up verb | Cease to be together, break apart from the group. | |
| turn off verb | To power down, to switch off, to put out of operation, to deactivate (an appliance, light, mechanism, functionality etc.). |
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | I've split · I've set · I've already copied |
| 관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보 | balancer, which is · servers, which is · file which has |
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | is sped · are turned |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 27 contractions and reduced forms, such as I've, I'll, I'm. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: refresh /ɹɪˈfɹɛʃ/, configuration /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/
- Long words — get the stress right: alternately /ˈɔl.tɚ.nət.li/, configuration /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Start at 0.75× speed, shadow it sentence by sentence, then go back to normal speed once it feels easy.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like ansible, balancer, playbook.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.