쉐도잉 연습: The secrets of learning a new language | Lýdia Machová | TED - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기

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I love learning foreign languages.
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I love learning foreign languages.
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In fact, I love it so much that I like to learn a new language every two years, currently working on my eighth one.
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When people find that out about me, they always ask me, "How do you do that? What's your secret?" And to be honest, for many years, my answer would be, "I don't know. I simply love learning languages." But people were never happy with that answer.
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They wanted to know why they are spending years trying to learn even one language, never achieving fluency, and here I come, learning one language after another.
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They wanted to know the secret of polyglots, people who speak a lot of languages.
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And that made me wonder, too, how do actually other polyglots do it?
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What do we have in common?
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And what is it that enables us to learn languages so much faster than other people?
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I decided to meet other people like me and find that out.
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The best place to meet a lot of polyglots is an event where hundreds of language lovers meet in one place to practice their languages.
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There are several such polyglot events organized all around the world, and so I decided to go there and ask polyglots about the methods that they use.
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And so I met Benny from Ireland, who told me that his method is to start speaking from day one.
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He learns a few phrases from a travel phrasebook and goes to meet native speakers and starts having conversations with them right away.
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He doesn't mind making even 200 mistakes a day, because that's how he learns, based on the feedback.
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And the best thing is, he doesn't even need to travel a lot today, because you can easily have conversations with native speakers from the comfort of your living room, using websites.
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I also met Lucas from Brazil who had a really interesting method to learn Russian.
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He simply added a hundred random Russian speakers on Skype as friends, and then he opened a chat window with one of them and wrote "Hi" in Russian.
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And the person replied, "Hi, how are you?" Lucas copied this and put it into a text window with another person, and the person replied, "I'm fine, thank you, and how are you?" Lucas copied this back to the first person, and in this way, he had two strangers have a conversation with each other without knowing about it.
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(Laughter) And soon he would start typing himself, because he had so many of these conversations that he figured out how the Russian conversation usually starts.
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What an ingenious method, right?
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And then I met polyglots who always start by imitating sounds of the language, and others who always learn the 500 most frequent words of the language, and yet others who always start by reading about the grammar.
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If I asked a hundred different polyglots, I heard a hundred different approaches to learning languages.
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Everybody seems to have a unique way they learn a language, and yet we all come to the same result of speaking several languages fluently.
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And as I was listening to these polyglots telling me about their methods, it suddenly dawned on me: the one thing we all have in common is that we simply found ways to enjoy the language-learning process.
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All of these polyglots were talking about language learning as if it was great fun.
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You should have seen their faces when they were showing me their colorful grammar charts and their carefully handmade flash cards, and their statistics about learning vocabulary using apps, or even how they love to cook based on recipes in a foreign language.
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All of them use different methods, but they always make sure it's something that they personally enjoy.
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I realized that this is actually how I learn languages myself.
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When I was learning Spanish, I was bored with the text in the textbook.
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I mean, who wants to read about Jose asking about the directions to the train station. Right?
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I wanted to read "Harry Potter" instead, because that was my favorite book as a child, and I have read it many times.
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So I got the Spanish translation of "Harry Potter" and started reading, and sure enough, I didn't understand almost anything at the beginning, but I kept on reading because I loved the book, and by the end of the book, I was able to follow it almost without any problems.
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And the same thing happened when I was learning German.
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I decided to watch "Friends," my favorite sitcom, in German, and again, at the beginning it was all just gibberish.
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I didn't know where one word finished and another one started, but I kept on watching every day because it's "Friends." I can watch it in any language. I love it so much.
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And after the second or third season, seriously, the dialogue started to make sense.
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I only realized this after meeting other polyglots.
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We are no geniuses and we have no shortcut to learning languages.
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We simply found ways how to enjoy the process, how to turn language learning from a boring school subject into a pleasant activity which you don't mind doing every day.
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If you don't like writing words down on paper, you can always type them in an app.
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If you don't like listening to boring textbook material, find interesting content on YouTube or in podcasts for any language.
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If you're a more introverted person and you can't imagine speaking to native speakers right away, you can apply the method of self-talk.
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You can talk to yourself in the comfort of your room, describing your plans for the weekend, how your day has been, or even take a random picture from your phone and describe the picture to your imaginary friend.
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This is how polyglots learn languages, and the best news is, it's available to anyone who is willing to take the learning into their own hands.
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So meeting other polyglots helped me realize that it is really crucial to find enjoyment in the process of learning languages, but also that joy in itself is not enough.
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If you want to achieve fluency in a foreign language, you'll also need to apply three more principles.
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First of all, you'll need effective methods.
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If you try to memorize a list of words for a test tomorrow, the words will be stored in your short-term memory and you'll forget them after a few days.
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If you, however, want to keep words long term, you need to revise them in the course of a few days repeatedly using the so-called space repetition.
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You can use apps which are based on this system such as Anki or Memrise, or you can write lists of word in a notebook using the Goldlist method, which is also very popular with many polyglots.
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If you're not sure which methods are effective and what is available out there, just check out polyglots' YouTube channels and websites and get inspiration from them.
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If it works for them, it will most probably work for you too.
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The third principle to follow is to create a system in your learning.
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We're all very busy and no one really has time to learn a language today.
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But we can create that time if we just plan a bit ahead.
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Can you wake up 15 minutes earlier than you normally do?
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That would be the perfect time to revise some vocabulary.
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Can you listen to a podcast on your way to work while driving?
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Well, that would be great to get some listening experience.
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There are so many things we can do without even planning that extra time, such as listening to podcasts on our way to work or doing our household chores.
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The important thing is to create a plan in the learning.
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"I will practice speaking every Tuesday and Thursday with a friend for 20 minutes.
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I will listen to a YouTube video while having breakfast." If you create a system in your learning, you don't need to find that extra time, because it will become a part of your everyday life.
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And finally, if you want to learn a language fluently, you need also a bit of patience.
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It's not possible to learn a language within two months, but it's definitely possible to make a visible improvement in two months, if you learn in small chunks every day in a way that you enjoy.
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And there is nothing that motivates us more than our own success.
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I vividly remember the moment when I understood the first joke in German when watching "Friends." I was so happy and motivated that I just kept on watching that day two more episodes, and as I kept watching, I had more and more of those moments of understanding, these little victories, and step by step, I got to a level where I could use the language freely and fluently to express anything.
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This is a wonderful feeling.
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I can't get enough of that feeling, and that's why I learn a language every two years.
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So this is the whole polyglot secret.
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Find effective methods which you can use systematically over the period of some time in a way which you enjoy, and this is how polyglots learn languages within months, not years.
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Now, some of you may be thinking, "That's all very nice to enjoy language learning, but isn't the real secret that you polyglots are just super talented and most of us aren't?" Well, there's one thing I haven't told you about Benny and Lucas.
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Benny had 11 years of Irish Gaelic and five years of German at school.
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He couldn't speak them at all when graduating.
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Up to the age of 21, he thought he didn't have the language gene and he could not speak another language.
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Then he started to look for his way of learning languages, which was speaking to native speakers and getting feedback from them, and today Benny can easily have a conversation in 10 languages.
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Lucas tried to learn English at school for 10 years.
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He was one of the worst students in class.
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His friends even made fun of him and gave him a Russian textbook as a joke because they thought he would never learn that language, or any language.
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And then Lucas started to experiment with methods, looking for his own way to learn, for example, by having Skype chat conversations with strangers.
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And after just 10 years, Lucas is able to speak 11 languages fluently.
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Does that sound like a miracle?
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Well, I see such miracles every single day.
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As a language mentor, I help people learn languages by themselves, and I see this every day.
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People struggle with language learning for five, 10, even 20 years, and then they suddenly take their learning into their own hands, start using materials which they enjoy, more effective methods, or they start tracking their learning so that they can appreciate their own progress, and that's when suddenly they magically find the language talent that they were missing all their lives.
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So if you've also tried to learn a language and you gave up, thinking it's too difficult or you don't have the language talent, give it another try.
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Maybe you're also just one enjoyable method away from learning that language fluently.
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Maybe you're just one method away from becoming a polyglot.
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Thank you. (Applause)
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이 레슨에 대해: 언어 학습의 즐거움과 비밀

Lýdia Machová의 TED 강연 "The secrets of learning a new language"는 수많은 언어를 유창하게 구사하는 사람들의 공통된 비밀을 파헤칩니다. 그녀는 언어 학습의 고통스러운 과정을 즐거운 활동으로 바꾸는 방법을 제시하며, 이것이 바로 언어 학습을 꾸준히 지속할 수 있는 원동력이라고 강조합니다. 이 동영상은 다양한 폴리글롯들의 독창적인 학습 방법들을 소개하며, 학습자 개개인이 자신에게 맞는 재미있는 방식을 찾아내야 한다고 역설합니다.

이 레슨을 통해 학습자들은 영어 말하기 연습을 위한 다각적인 접근법을 익힐 수 있습니다. 특히, 동영상에서 제시된 다양한 학습 사례들을 활용하여 자신의 경험을 영어로 설명하는 연습, 특정 학습 전략에 대한 의견을 제시하는 연습, 그리고 동기 부여 및 학습 지속성에 대한 아이디어를 표현하는 연습을 할 수 있습니다. 문법적으로는 과거 시제를 활용하여 경험을 이야기하고, 조건문으로 조언을 제공하며, 인과 관계를 설명하는 패턴을 익히기에 좋습니다. 궁극적으로, 이 동영상은 영어 유창성을 향한 여정에서 자신만의 즐거운 길을 찾는 영감을 제공할 것입니다.

주요 어휘 및 표현

  • achieving fluency (유창성을 달성하다): 언어를 능숙하게 구사하는 경지에 도달하는 것을 의미합니다.
  • it suddenly dawned on me (갑자기 깨달았다/문득 생각났다): 어떤 사실이나 아이디어를 불현듯 깨달았을 때 사용하는 표현입니다.
  • turn language learning from A into B (언어 학습을 A에서 B로 바꾸다): 언어 학습의 본질이나 경험을 특정 방식으로 변화시키는 것을 나타냅니다.
  • from the comfort of your living room (거실의 편안함 속에서): 집과 같은 편안한 환경에서 무언가를 할 수 있음을 강조할 때 쓰입니다.
  • take the learning into their own hands (학습을 스스로 주도하다): 학습자가 자신의 학습 과정에 대한 주도권을 가지고 적극적으로 참여하는 것을 의미합니다.
  • spaced repetition (간격 반복 학습): 특정 정보를 주기적으로 반복하여 장기 기억에 저장하는 효과적인 학습 방법을 말합니다.
  • doesn't mind making mistakes (실수하는 것을 개의치 않는다): 실수에 대해 관대하고, 실수를 학습 과정의 일부로 받아들이는 태도를 표현합니다.

이 동영상 연습 팁: 쉐도잉 기법을 활용한 효과적인 학습

이 동영상은 쉐도잉 기법을 통해 발음 연습과 영어 말하기 연습을 하기에 매우 훌륭한 자료입니다. Lýdia Machová 연사의 말하기 스타일은 명확하고 전달력이 좋으며, 적절한 강세와 억양으로 듣는 이의 흥미를 유발합니다.

  • 말하기 속도 및 억양: 연사의 말하기 속도는 대체로 중간 정도이며, 핵심 아이디어를 전달할 때는 속도를 늦추고 강조합니다. 다양한 에피소드를 이야기할 때는 좀 더 활기찬 톤을 사용합니다. 쉐도잉을 할 때는 그녀의 자연스러운 대화 속도와 흥미진진한 이야기를 전달할 때의 억양 변화에 집중하여 따라 해보세요. 특히, 유머러스한 부분이나 깨달음을 표현하는 문장에서의 톤 변화를 모방하는 것이 중요합니다.
  • 주제 난이도 및 활용: '언어 학습'이라는 주제는 IELTS 스피킹 시험의 파트 2나 파트 3에서 개인적인 경험이나 의견을 설명하는 질문에 대비하기에 좋습니다. 연사가 자신의 경험(예: 스페인어 해리포터 읽기, 독일어로 프렌즈 시청)을 어떻게 생생하게 묘사하는지 주의 깊게 듣고, 자신만의 언어 학습 경험을 설명하는 방식으로 쉐도잉 해보세요. 그녀가 특정 학습 방법(예: Lucas의 채팅 방법, Benny의 즉시 말하기)을 설명하는 방식을 모방하여 복잡한 아이디어를 명확하게 전달하는 연습을 할 수 있습니다.
  • 내용 기반 연습: 이 동영상의 핵심 메시지인 '즐거움을 찾는 것'을 실제 학습에 적용해 보세요. 연사가 제시한 '자기 자신과 대화하기' 방법처럼, 주말 계획이나 하루 일과를 영어로 스스로에게 설명하는 연습을 하며 동영상의 내용과 직접적으로 연결 지어 말하기 훈련을 할 수 있습니다. 이러한 자기 주도적인 학습은 영어 유창성 향상에 결정적인 역할을 할 것입니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

ShadowingEnglish에서 효과적으로 학습하는 방법

  1. 영상 선택: 자연스럽고 명확한 영어가 사용된 YouTube 영상을 선택하세요. TED Talks, BBC 뉴스, 영화 장면, 팟캐스트, IELTS 모범 답변 영상이 좋습니다. URL을 복사해서 검색창에 붙여넣으세요. 짧은 영상(5분 이내)과 실제로 관심 있는 주제부터 시작하는 것이 동기 유지에 효과적입니다.
  2. 먼저 듣고 내용 이해하기: 처음에는 1배속으로 그냥 듣기만 하세요. 아직 따라 말할 필요는 없습니다. 문장의 의미를 파악하고, 화자가 어떻게 단어를 강조하고, 소리를 연결하고, 쉬어 가는지 주목하세요. 내용을 이해한 후 쉐도잉 연습을 하면 효과가 훨씬 좋아집니다.
  3. 쉐도잉 모드 설정:
    • Wait Mode (대기 모드): +3s 또는 +5s를 선택하면 한 문장이 재생된 후 자동으로 잠시 멈춰서 따라 말할 시간을 줍니다. 직접 컨트롤하고 싶다면 Manual을 선택해서 Next를 눌러 진행하세요.
    • Sub Sync (자막 동기화): YouTube 자막이 오디오와 맞지 않을 수 있습니다. ±100ms로 조정해서 정확한 타이밍에 따라갈 수 있도록 맞추세요.
  4. 소리 내어 쉐도잉하기 (핵심 연습): 이것이 연습의 핵심입니다. 문장이 재생되는 순간——또는 일시정지 중에——크고 자신감 있게 소리 내어 따라 하세요. 단순히 단어를 읽는 것이 아니라, 화자의 리듬, 강세, 음의 높낮이, 연음 방식을 그대로 흉내 내는 것이 중요합니다. 목표는 화자의 '그림자'처럼 들리는 것입니다. Repeat 기능으로 같은 문장을 여러 번 반복해서 자연스럽게 입에 붙을 때까지 연습하세요.
  5. 난이도 높이며 꾸준히 연습: 한 구절이 편해지면 더 도전적인 수준으로 올리세요. 속도를 <code>1.25x</code> 또는 <code>1.5x</code>로 높여 빠른 언어 반사 신경을 훈련하세요. Wait Mode를 <code>Off</code>로 설정해서 연속 쉐도잉을 하는 것이 가장 고급스럽고 효과적인 모드입니다. 매일 15~30분씩 꾸준히 연습하면 몇 주 안에 눈에 띄는 변화를 느낄 수 있습니다.

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