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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This video has 14 sentences and 138 words to shadow. The speech runs for 1:35. The speaker talks slowly, about 87 words per minute, so there is time to copy every sound.
Key vocabulary in this video
14 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| identical adjective | /ɪˈdɛntɪkl̩/ | Bearing full likeness by having precisely the same set of characteristics; indistinguishable. |
| collar noun | /ˈkɑlɚ/ | The part of an upper garment (shirt, jacket, etc.) that fits around the neck and throat, especially if sewn from a separate piece of fabric. |
| execute verb | /ˈɛksɪˌkjuːt/ | To kill, especially as punishment for a capital crime. |
| gray adjective | /ɡɹeɪ/ | Of a color between black and white, having neutral hue and intermediate brightness. |
| pronounce verb | /pɹəˈnaʊns/ | To declare formally, officially or ceremoniously. |
| cognate adjective | /ˈkɑɡn(e)ɪt/ | Allied by blood; kindred by birth; specifically (law) related on the mother's side. |
| consonant noun | /ˈkɑn.sə.nənt/ | A sound that results from the passage of air through restrictions of the oral cavity; any sound that is not the dominant sound of a syllable, the dominant… |
| prepare verb | /pɹɪˈpɛ(ə)ɹ/ | To make ready for a specific future purpose; to set up; to assemble or equip; to forearm. |
| pack noun | /pæk/ | A bundle made up and prepared to be carried; especially, a bundle to be carried on the back, but also a load for an animal, a bale. |
| link noun | /ˈlɪŋk/ | A connection between places, people, events, things, or ideas. |
| gun noun | /ˈɡʌn/ | A device for shooting projectiles or ditto (a shooter), functioning through stored energy: a firearm, cannon, harpoon gun/spear gun, raygun, etc, not a bow and… |
| stick noun | /stɪk/ | A small, thin branch from a tree or bush; a twig; a branch. |
| zone noun | /zoʊn/ | Any given region or area of the world. |
| fully adverb | /ˈfʊli/ | In a full manner; without lack or defect; completely, entirely. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| keep back verb | To hold back; to refuse to give or share. |
| sit down verb | To assume a sitting position from a standing position. |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 4 contractions and reduced forms, such as don't. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like identical, collar, execute.
What is the Shadowing Technique?
Shadowing is a science-backed language learning technique originally developed for professional interpreter training and popularized by polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. The method is simple but powerful: you listen to native English audio and immediately repeat it out loud — like a shadow following the speaker with just a 1–2 second delay. Unlike passive listening or grammar drills, shadowing forces your brain and mouth muscles to simultaneously process and reproduce real speech patterns. Research shows it significantly improves pronunciation accuracy, intonation, rhythm, connected speech, listening comprehension, and speaking fluency — making it one of the most effective methods for IELTS Speaking preparation and real-world English communication.