Shadowing Practice: ICT Emini S&P 500 Review / January 03, 2023 - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This C1 speaking lesson is built on the video “ICT Emini S&P 500 Review / January 03, 2023”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: gap, fair, value, chart, trade. This video has 117 sentences and 1531 words to shadow. The speech runs for 9:45. The speaker talks at a natural 157 words per minute, close to everyday conversation. 84% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 15 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| imbalance noun | The property of not being in balance. | |
| candle noun | /ˈkæn.dəl/ | A light source consisting of a wick embedded in a solid, flammable substance such as wax, tallow, or paraffin. |
| bearish adjective | Resembling or likened to a bear, typically in being rough, surly, or clumsy. | |
| breakout noun | An escape from prison. | |
| threshold noun | /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/ | The lowermost part of a doorway that one crosses to enter; a sill. |
| consequent noun | /ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwənt/ | The second half of a hypothetical proposition; Q, if the form of the proposition is "If P, then Q." |
| consolidate verb | /kənˈsɒl.ɪ.deɪt/ | To combine into a single unit; to group together or join. |
| encroachment noun | /ɪŋˈkɹoʊt͡ʃmənt/ | An entry into a place or area that was previously uncommon; an advance beyond former borders; intrusion; incursion. |
| inefficiency noun | Lack of efficiency or effectiveness. | |
| liquidity noun | /lɪkˈwɪdəti/ | The state or property of being liquid. |
| breaker noun | /ˈbɹeɪkɚ/ | Something that breaks (something else). |
| institutional adjective | /ˌɪn.stɪˈtju.ʃə.nəl/ | Of, pertaining to, characteristic of, or organized along the lines of an institution. |
| precision noun | /pɹɪˈsɪʒ.ən/ | The state of being precise or exact; especially, both exact and accurate. |
| confirmation noun | /ˌkɑn.fəɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/ | An official indicator that things will happen as planned. |
| drill noun | /dɹɪl/ | A tool or machine used to remove material so as to create a hole, typically by plunging a rotating cutting bit into a stationary workpiece. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| break down verb | To stop functioning. |
| go down verb | To descend; to move from a higher place to a lower one. |
| break through verb | To gain popularity. |
| draw down verb | To lower (curtains, a portcullis, etc.). |
| get up verb | To move in an upward direction; to ascend or climb. |
| get up into verb | To move close enough to (someone or something) to guard them, stop them from scoring or passing, etc. |
| go back verb | To return to a place or state after having been there at a previous time. |
| hang around verb | To stay, linger, or loiter. |
Grammar in this video
The structures the speaker uses most, with the exact words from the video:
| Structure | In the video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — a past action that still matters now | I've outlined · we've returned · has really peaked |
| Passive voice be + past participle — the focus is on what happens, not who does it | were mentioned · was filled · be involved |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 20 contractions and reduced forms, such as I'm, we'll, we're. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
- The “th” sounds: threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/, algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/, institutional /ˌɪn.stɪˈtju.ʃə.nəl/, precision /pɹɪˈsɪʒ.ən/, confirmation /ˌkɑn.fəɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, continuation /kənˌtɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n/
- Long words — get the stress right: consolidate /kənˈsɒl.ɪ.deɪt/, liquidity /lɪkˈwɪdəti/, institutional /ˌɪn.stɪˈtju.ʃə.nəl/, confirmation /ˌkɑn.fəɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, accelerate /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Start at 0.75× speed, shadow it sentence by sentence, then go back to normal speed once it feels easy.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like imbalance, candle, bearish.
What is the Shadowing Technique?
Shadowing is a science-backed language learning technique originally developed for professional interpreter training and popularized by polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. The method is simple but powerful: you listen to native English audio and immediately repeat it out loud — like a shadow following the speaker with just a 1–2 second delay. Unlike passive listening or grammar drills, shadowing forces your brain and mouth muscles to simultaneously process and reproduce real speech patterns. Research shows it significantly improves pronunciation accuracy, intonation, rhythm, connected speech, listening comprehension, and speaking fluency — making it one of the most effective methods for IELTS Speaking preparation and real-world English communication.



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