Prática de Shadowing: A Good Night's Sleep | World Health Day | practice English with Spotlight - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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Welcome to Spotlight.
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I'm Colin Lowther.
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And I'm Liz Waid.
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Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting.
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It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
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A man and a woman are in bed.
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The man is sleeping.
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He went to sleep as soon as he got into bed.
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He snores loudly.
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He has no difficulty falling asleep.
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And he always sleeps well, all night.
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The woman lies next to him.
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But she is not sleeping.
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She feels tired.
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But she cannot sleep.
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She lies on her back.
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She turns and lies on her side.
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Then she turns to her other side.
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Still she cannot sleep.
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And still he sleeps and snores.
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He always sleeps well at night.
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And she always finds it difficult to go to sleep.
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Many people experience problems with sleep.
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Some people find it difficult to go to sleep.
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Some find that they are often awake in the middle of the night.
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Some people even take medicine to make them go to sleep.
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Sleep is important for everyone.
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And better sleep improves people's minds and bodies.
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Today's Spotlight is on a good night's sleep.
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All humans have a basic need to sleep.
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And we normally sleep at night.
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Our bodies have a kind of clock in them that is linked to daylight.
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When it gets dark, our bodies prepare for sleep.
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And scientists have discovered that our bodies change during sleep.
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Our heart rate and body temperature both drop.
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Our brain waves change too.
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We experience about five different cycles or periods of sleep each night.
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Each cycle lasts about an hour and a half.
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In each sleep cycle, we experience different sorts of sleep.
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Non-REM and REM are the main sorts of sleep.
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REM stands for rapid eye movement.
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In non-REM sleep our eyes do not move much.
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But in REM sleep our eyes move quickly.
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We also dream most during REM sleep.
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But how much sleep do people need?
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An average adult needs about seven or eight hours of sleep every night.
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But everyone is a little different.
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Some people need more sleep.
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Some people need less.
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Scientists have discovered that our genes can affect how much we need to sleep.
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About 10% of people need 9 or 10 hours of sleep.
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Other people are fine with 3 to 6 hours of sleep.
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If people do not get enough sleep, they can suffer both physically and mentally.
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They may feel tired and angry or annoyed.
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They cannot remember things or solve problems as easily.
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They can make mistakes in their work.
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Sleep is also important for a person's health.
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Lack of sleep can make people sick and increase the risk of heart disease or stroke.
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In extreme cases, people can even die because of a total lack of sleep.
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Different cultures have different sleep traditions.
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In some cultures, it is normal to sleep alone or with a husband or wife.
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But in other cultures, people sleep with their family or even in big social or community groups.
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In Spain, people have a tradition of a siesta, or short sleep, in the afternoon.
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People in Egypt also have an afternoon sleep called ta'asila.
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Some tribes in Botswana and Zaire sleep when they feel like it.
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At any time of the day or night,
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people who live in Japan sleep less at night than people in many other countries.
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But the Japanese have developed a tradition of sleeping at work.
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They take very short sleeps or naps called inemuri.
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History can also teach us about sleep traditions.
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Roger E.
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Kirch is an historian at Virginia Tech in the United States.
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He researched how people slept in the past.
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He examined hundreds of old documents.
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And he discovered that people used to sleep in a different way from most people today.
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In the past, people slept in two separate periods during the night.
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They called the two periods of sleep first sleep and second sleep.
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In these two sleeps, they were awake for one or two hours.
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Ekirch believes that this way of sleeping started to change when people began using street lights and lights in homes.
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Lights caused people to stay up late.
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They no longer had time for two sleeps.
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People forgot about first sleep and second sleep.
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But some people still have a period of being awake in the middle of the night.
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They can think that they have a sleep problem. But experts like E.
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Kerch think that this may just be a natural way to sleep.
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E. Kerch told the Huffington Post,
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People who suffer from middle-of-the-night sleeplessness should understand something.
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Seen from history, their sleep may well be completely normal.
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So it may be frustrating.
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But if you wake in the night, you may not have a sleep problem.
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You may just sleep more like your ancestors.
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There are many other common sleep problems.
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Experts say that there are many reasons for poor sleep.
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But they also advise how to create good conditions for sleep.
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They say you should make sure that the place where you are sleeping is dark.
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Melatonin is a chemical produced by the body.
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This chemical helps control sleep.
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Melatonin reacts with light.
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That is why people find it much harder to go to sleep in a light room.
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The blue light from modern technology is a particular problem.
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Professor Charles Saistler of Harvard told the BBC,
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Light most powerfully influences your body clock.
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Being near light, especially short wavelength bluish light at night,
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will reset our body clock to a later hour.
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This will delay the release of the sleep-encouraging chemical melatonin.
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This will make it more difficult for us to get up in the morning.
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Experts also say you should make sure that where you sleep is not too hot or cold.
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Your body has a natural drop in temperature when you go to sleep.
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So if you move from a warm room to a cool room to sleep,
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you will help that natural process.
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You should prepare for bedtime and create a calm atmosphere.
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With a good night's sleep, you can have a good day.
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Do you sleep well at night?
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Or do you have sleep problems?
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What do you do to help you get a good night's sleep?
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Tell us about it.
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You can leave a comment on our website.
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Or email us at radio at radioenglish.net.
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You can also comment on Facebook at facebook.com slash spotlightradio.
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The writer of this program was Katie Blake.
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The producer was Bruce Gullen.
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The voices you heard were from the United Kingdom and the United States.
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All quotes were adapted for this program and voiced by Spotlight.
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You can listen to this program again and read it on the internet at www.radioenglish.net.
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This program is called A Good Night's Sleep.
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Look for our free listening app in the Google Play Store and in iTunes.
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We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program.
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Goodbye.
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you

Por que praticar a fala com este vídeo?

Praticar a fala em inglês com o vídeo "A Good Night's Sleep" oferece uma excelente oportunidade para melhorar suas habilidades linguísticas em um contexto da vida real. O cenário apresentado mostra a diferença entre a experiência de duas pessoas ao dormir, permitindo que você reflita sobre seus próprios hábitos de sono enquanto pratica o idioma. Ao escutar e repetir as falas dos personagens, você pode não apenas aprimorar sua pronúncia, mas também entender as nuances emocionais e culturais associadas ao tema do sono, um assunto universal. Essa prática é parte da técnica conhecida como shadow speak, que é eficaz para desenvolver fluência e compreensão.

Gramática & Expressões em Contexto

O vídeo aborda várias estruturas gramaticais que são essenciais para enriquecer seu vocabulário em inglês. Aqui estão algumas delas:

  • Past Simple: Frases como "He went to sleep" demonstram o uso do passado simples, que é fundamental para descrever ações concluídas. Praticar essas estruturas ajudará você a narrar histórias de forma mais eficaz.
  • Present Perfect: O video menciona que "he always sleeps well", exemplificando como o presente simples é usado para descrever ações habituais. Aprender a usar essa forma corretamente pode ajudar você a se expressar sobre rotinas e hábitos.
  • Adverbios: O uso de advérbios como "loudly" e "difficult" enriquece as descrições, permitindo que você seja mais específico na sua comunicação. Incorporar advérbios em sua fala pode melhorar a clareza e a expressividade.

Armadilhas Comuns de Pronúncia

Embora o conteúdo do vídeo seja bastante acessível, há várias armadilhas de pronúncia que os aprendizes de inglês costumam enfrentar. Aqui estão algumas delas:

  • "Sleep" e "Snooze": A diferença entre essas palavras reside não apenas na pronúncia, mas também no significado. Focar na forma como cada uma é pronunciada pode ajudar a evitar confusões.
  • Palavras e frases com sons semelhantes: Frases como "find it difficult" podem ser desafiadoras devido à velocidade da fala. Praticar com recursos de shadowing pode ser uma boa abordagem para superar a dificuldade.

Utilize o método shadowspeaks para melhorar a pronúncia em inglês e tornar a prática mais eficaz. Com a prática regular, você notará um progresso considerável, não apenas na sua capacidade de falar, mas também em sua confiança ao usar o inglês em conversações cotidianas.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.