Prática de Shadowing: How do we adapt to the cold? ⏲️ 6 Minute English - Aprenda a falar inglês com o YouTube
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6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com Hello.
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6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com Hello.
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This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Phil.
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And I'm Bekah.
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6 Minute English listeners are truly global,
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coming from all over the world including some of the coldest countries on Earth.
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Places like Finland, where winter temperatures drop to minus 20 degrees Celsius.
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Are you good at dealing with the cold, Phil?
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I'm not sure, but I do know that I don't like it.
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What about you, Becca?
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Well, I'd rather be too hot and cool down than too cold and try to warm up.
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Yes, me too.
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Here in the UK, it never gets as cold as Finland.
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But it's not unusual to see some people dressed in t-shirts while others are wrapped up in warm clothes.
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Why do people feel the cold so differently?
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That's what we'll be discussing in this episode,
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as well as learning some useful new words and phrases.
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And as always, you'll find all the vocabulary from this episode,
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plus a quiz and worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.
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But now I have a question for you, Becca.
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According to the Guinness Book of World Records,
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the lowest temperature ever recorded was a very cold minus 89 degrees Celsius but where?
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Was it A, the Arctic,
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B, Antarctica or C, the top of Mount Everest?
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Hmm, I'm going to guess B, Antarctica.
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OK, well we'll find out the answer at the end of the programme.
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Our experience of cold depends on many things,
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including our genes, culture and place of birth.
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But perhaps the most obvious thing is the clothes we wear.
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Professor Gunil Sartran lives on the icy island of Svalbard,
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800 miles inside the Arctic Circle.
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Here, she advises presenter Caroline Steele on how to dress against the cold for BBC World Service programme CrowdScience.
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So what should we consider when choosing our clothes?
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First and foremost, I would say that perhaps the gender differs.
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So, male often are more tolerant perhaps than females.
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Then it's of course what you're used to.
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Are you used to dealing with the cold?
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Are you not?
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Gunhild says that first and foremost,
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men and women filled the cold differently.
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She uses the phrase first and foremost to mean more than anything else.
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She wants to emphasise that something,
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in this case someone's gender,
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is the most important thing to consider.
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There is some debate about whether men or women are more tolerant of the cold.
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Being intolerant of something means being able to endure it without getting hurt.
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Another important factor is whether you are used to the cold,
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if being in cold environments is something you're familiar with.
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It might sound obvious that someone born in Arctic Svalbard would feel less cold than someone born in Brazil.
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But apart from environmental factors,
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are there actual physical differences that allow people to cope better with the cold?
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Dr. Kara Ockobok studies reindeer herders in northern Finland,
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people who live in cold temperatures every day and have done for centuries.
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She measures their reaction to extreme cold and compares it to ordinary Finns from warmer parts of the country.
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Here, Kara shares her findings with Caroline Steele from BBC World Service's CrowdScience.
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OK, and my guess is the reindeer herders deal better in the cold?
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Yes and no. The more data we collect within this area,
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the more confusing the picture gets.
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I can say that subjectively at this point,
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the reindeer herders at least kind of mentally handle the cold far better.
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They are far less likely to shiver.
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So, do the reindeer herders deal better with the cold?
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The answer is yes and no. A phrase meaning partly and partly not,
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used when there's no clear answer to a question.
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However, Kara does say, subjectively, the herders manage better.
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They don't feel so cold.
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Subjectively means based on your personal inner experience rather than objective facts.
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And physically, there are differences too.
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Reindeer herders are less likely to shiver,
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the shaky movement that cold muscles make to try and warm them up.
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In fact, how we experience the cold is probably a combination of everything we've discussed,
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including genetic adaptations passed on from parents to children.
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Right, I'm off to find my gloves and woolly hat,
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so why don't you reveal the answer to the question, Phil?
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Yes, I asked where the lowest temperature on Earth was ever recorded.
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You said B, Antarctica.
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And that is the right answer.
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The lowest temperature ever recorded on Earth was at the Vostok Research Station in Antarctica in 1983.
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Let's recap the vocabulary we've learnt,
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starting with the phrase first and foremost,
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meaning more than anything else.
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A person who is tolerant of something is able to endure it without being hurt.
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If you're used to something, you're familiar with it.
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The idiom yes and no means partly and partly not,
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and is used when you can't give a clear answer to a question.
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The adverb subjectively means in a way that's based on your personal experience rather than objective facts.
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And finally, a shiver is the shaking movement made by your muscles when you feel cold or afraid.
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Once again, our six minutes are up.
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But remember, you'll find a quiz and a worksheet for this episode on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.
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See you there soon, but for now, it's goodbye.
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Bye.
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Contexto & Antecedentes
No episódio de "6 Minute English", os apresentadores Phil e Bekah discutem a adaptação ao frio, destacando a diversidade das experiências das pessoas em relação às baixas temperaturas. Com ouvintes de diversas partes do mundo, incluindo países frios como a Finlândia, o programa explora como fatores como genética, cultura e roupas influenciam nossa tolerância ao frio. Essa conversa não só fornece informação sobre o clima, mas também introduz novas palavras e expressões que são úteis para a prática de conversação em inglês.
Top 5 Frases para Comunicação Diária
- “First and foremost” - usado para enfatizar a prioridade de um ponto importante na discussão.
- “Are you used to dealing with the cold?” - uma pergunta comum sobre familiaridade com o frio, útil em conversas.
- “Being intolerant of something” - uma expressão que descreve a dificuldade em suportar certas condições.
- “Male often are more tolerant perhaps than females” - uma observação interessante que pode iniciar debates sobre gênero.
- “The lowest temperature ever recorded” - uma frase que pode ser usada em trivia e discussões sobre clima extremo.
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- Ouça ativamente: Comece ouvindo o episódio inteiro para entender o contexto e a pronúncia.
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