Prática de Shadowing: People of Science with Brian Cox - Uta Frith on Alice Lee - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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48 frases
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People of science.
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Take one.
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God, what fun.
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Professor Uta Frith, could you tell us a bit about your research?
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I am a psychologist or perhaps what I should say a cognitive neuroscientist.
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All my life I've been interested in how the brain produces the mind and how the mind changes over a lifetime.
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It's the hardest question in science that, isn't it?
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How the brain produces the mind?
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I believe so.
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I believe that it's really still a very, very new science.
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Barely more than a hundred years old.
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We're really at the threshold of something that's a new age of a new kind of science.
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We go back right to the start because you've chosen Alice Lee.
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Alice Lee is not a typical hero.
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Nobody celebrated her.
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I accidentally found out about her.
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And she is as good a scientist as any of the others who worked at the time.
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She was involved in measuring the volume of the skull in order to find out something about what's inside.
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I suppose from a modern perspective, it's almost the first thing a modern scientist would think of.
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I'll start making some measurements." So why is that a radical move?
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It was at that time a question, you know, how come that we have, you know, the important men of science?
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Are they really superior because they have bigger brains?
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That was a reasonable hypothesis to have.
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She decided that this is an assumption which we can test, and that's where she had this really ingenious idea to take
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head measurements of a group of people who were in fact anatomists meeting at a conference in Dublin
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and she found that there was a group with big heads
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and a group with small heads
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and the very smallest of them all was in fact the
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most distinguished of the anatomists everybody agreed it's quite bold isn't it walking into a conference
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and measuring the head sizes and essentially challenging these great men of science to say, well, your assumptions do not match the data.
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Well, I think she had a lot of support, especially from her supervisor, Carl Pearson,
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but she remained a low -paid assistant all her life.
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Still, she did get a publication in the Philosophical Transactions.
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And this paper is called Data for the Problem of Evolution in Man,
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a first study of the correlation of the human skull by Alice Lee with some assistance from Carl Pearson.
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And we find a letter from Pearson.
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She objected to my presenting the paper as purely hers and I had to compromise the matter as indicated in the title.
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I see.
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So he said publish it just as alice lee
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and she insisted still i want the paper treated as hers
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that's great of pearson i suppose isn't it nice it is really nice
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so alice lee for you is a sort of today you
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describe her as a very good working scientist she'd be a fellow of the royal society probably today
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but not this kind of einstein or a newton she's absolutely not no most scientists scientists,
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most great scientists, are not Newton or Einstein.
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They do something that is important in answering a critical question at the time.
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Alice Lee did that and she was acknowledged.
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She did get the credit, which I'm very glad for.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Este vídeo tem 48 frases e 560 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 3:46. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 149 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. Apenas 79% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| scientist substantivo | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | cientista |
| assumption substantivo | /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/ | suposição, pressuposição |
| measurement substantivo | /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/ | medida, medição |
| newton substantivo | /ˈn(j)uːtən/ | newton |
| superior adjetivo | /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/ | superior |
| publication substantivo | /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ | publicação |
| essentially advérbio | /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/ | em essência, essencialmente |
| lifetime substantivo | /ˈlaɪf.taɪm/ | vida |
| indicate verbo | /ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/ | indicar |
| radical substantivo | /ˈɹædɪkəl/ | radical |
| bold adjetivo | /ˈbəʊld/ | corajoso, bravo |
| accidentally advérbio | /ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/ | acidentalmente |
| acknowledge verbo | /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/ | reconhecer |
| compromise substantivo | /ˈkɑmpɹəˌmaɪz/ | meio-termo, acordo |
| cognitive adjetivo | /ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv/ | cognitivo |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| find out verbo | descobrir |
| go back verbo | voltar |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | was involved · is called · was acknowledged |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | I've been · you've chosen |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 9 contrações e formas reduzidas, como isn't, I'll, I'm. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/, measurement /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/, publication /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: superior /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/, publication /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, accidentally /ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/, supervisor /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como scientist, assumption, measurement.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.