Prática de Shadowing: Types of Levers - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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A lever is a simple machine that includes a bar that is free to move about a fixed point called a fulcrum.
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Levers make work easier by reducing the effort required to move the load, but increasing the distance moved by the effort.
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This can be achieved by moving the fulcrum closer to the load or applying the effort further from the fulcrum.
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There are three types of levers.
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First class levers, second class levers and third class levers.
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Each type of lever makes work easier in different ways.
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In a first class lever, the fulcrum is between the load and the place on the bar where the effort is applied.
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This changes the direction of the effort.
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Work is the easiest when the effort is applied to the bar as far from the fulcrum as possible.
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The distance the effort moves is increased, but the force applied to the load is multiplied.
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Moving the fulcrum closer to the load increases the distance the effort moves and increases the force applied to the load.
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You use first class levers when you use pliers to pull a nail.
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The piece of wood is the fulcrum.
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The fulcrum is close to the load which increases the distance the effort moves and multiplies the force applied to the nail.
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The back of a claw hammer, nail clippers and scissors are objects we use that function as first class levers.
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In second class levers, the load is between the effort and the fulcrum.
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The effort moves over a larger distance to raise the load a smaller distance, but with greater force.
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The closer the load is to the fulcrum, the larger the distance the effort moves and the greater the force applied to the load.
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Notice that in second-class levers, the effort applied is in the same direction as the force applied to the load.
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Wheelbarrows, nutcrackers and bottle openers are objects we use that function as second-class levers.
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In both first-class and second-class levers,
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work is made easier by decreasing the effort required but applying the effort over a greater distance.
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In a third class lever, the effort is between the fulcrum and the load.
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Greater effort is required to move the load, but the speed at which the load moves is multiplied.
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As in second class levers, the direction of the effort and the force applied to the load is in the same direction.
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Fishing rods, baseball bats, and brooms are objects that function as third-class levers.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição

Este vídeo tem 26 frases e 420 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 2:59. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 141 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. 84% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.

Vocabulário principal deste vídeo

14 palavras menos comuns do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:

  • lever /ˈliː.və/ (substantivo) — alavanca. A rigid piece which is capable of turning about one point, or axis (fulcrum), and in which are two or more other points where forces are applied; — used for…
  • nail /neɪl/ (substantivo) — unha. The horny plate or appendage at the ends of the digits of various animals, including most reptiles, birds, and mammals (both nonhuman and human).
  • decrease /dɪˈkɹiːs/ (verbo) — diminuir, reduzir. Of a quantity, to become smaller.
  • hammer /ˈhæmɚ/ (substantivo) — martelo. A tool with a heavy head and a handle used for pounding.
  • opener /ˈoʊ.pən.ɚ/ (substantivo) — abridor. A person who opens something.
  • claw /klɔ/ (substantivo) — garra. A curved, pointed, horny projection on each digit of the foot of a mammal, reptile, or bird.
  • scissors /ˈsɪzəz/ (substantivo) — tesoura. A tool used for cutting thin material, consisting of two crossing blades attached at a pivot point in such a way that the blades slide across each other when…
  • fulcrum /ˈfʊlkɹəm/ (substantivo) — fulcro, ponto de apoio. The support about which a lever pivots.
  • multiply /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/ (verbo) — multiplicar. To increase the amount, degree or number of (something).
  • broom /bɹum/ (substantivo) — vassoura, vassoira. A domestic utensil with fibers bound together at the end of a long handle, used for sweeping.
  • clipper /ˈklɪp.ɚ/ (substantivo) — clíper. Anything or anyone that clips.
  • nutcracker /ˈnʌtˌkɹækɚ/ (substantivo) — quebra-nozes. An implement for cracking nuts.
  • pliers /ˈplaɪ.ə(ɹ)z/ (substantivo) — alicate. A pincer-like gripping tool that multiplies the strength of the user's hand, often used for bending things.
  • wheelbarrow /ˈwilbæɹoʊ/ (substantivo) — carrinho de mão. A small, one-wheeled (or rarely, two-wheeled) cart with handles at one end for transporting small loads.

Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir

  • move about (verbo) — circular. To move from place to place.

Como praticar com este vídeo

  1. Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
  2. Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
  3. Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como lever, nail, decrease.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

Técnica de shadowing: leia o guia completo passo a passo →