Prática de Shadowing: Why you need a good night's sleep ⏲️ 6 Minute English - Aprenda a falar inglês com o YouTube

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6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Georgie and we're ready to start, Phil.
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Phil?
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Phil!
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Sorry Georgie, I was just catching 40 winks,
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you know, getting some shut-eye, dozing, taking a nap.
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I was sleeping.
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Sleeping at work!
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Phil, how could you?
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I know, I know.
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Sorry, I didn't sleep well last night.
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I'll forgive you this time,
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but make sure you go to bed early tonight because getting a good night's sleep is incredibly important.
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For example, did you know that people who get enough sleep live about five years longer than people who don't?
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Wow.
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So a good night's sleep can lengthen your life.
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In this programme, we'll be finding out more about the benefits of sleep and,
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as usual, learning some useful new vocabulary as well.
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But first, now that you've woken up,
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I have a question for you.
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Do you know how much of the average person's life is spent asleep?
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Is it a a half, b a quarter, or c a third?
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Hmm, I think we spend about a third of our lives sleeping.
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OK, well, I'll reveal the correct answer at the end of the programme.
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The question of why humans sleep is not easy to answer.
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In terms of evolution, why would it make sense to go unconscious every night,
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leaving yourself vulnerable to danger?
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It can only mean that the benefits gained from sleep are huge.
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Here, science journalist Ginny Smith explains some of these benefits to BBC Radio 4 programme Inside Science.
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So we've probably all experienced this,
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that if you've had a bad night's sleep and then you try and do some work,
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you just can't concentrate.
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Your brain isn't in the right state to take in new information.
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But we also need to sleep after we've learnt new things because that's when our brain consolidates the information,
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takes it from short-term storage to long-term storage,
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fits it in with other things we already know.
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That old adage of if you've got a problem, sleep on it.
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Your brain does actually work on things during the night
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and you can often wake up and have solved the problem in your sleep.
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When we sleep, our brains refresh,
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leaving us feeling rested in the morning.
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But after a bad night's sleep,
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it's more difficult to concentrate.
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We can't take in or understand new information.
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We also have the saying,
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if you've got a problem, sleep on it.
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To sleep on it means to delay making a decision until you've had time to think about it.
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But that also turns out to be true scientifically speaking.
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During sleep your brain really can work out problems and find solutions.
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But what about the other side of the story?
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What happens when you get too little sleep, or none at all?
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Here's Ginny Smith again, talking to BBC Radio 4 programme Inside Science.
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SLEEP DEPRIVATION IS A FORM OF STRESS,
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AND WE KNOW THAT WHEN YOU ARE STRESSED,
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YOUR SORT OF FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE IS ACTIVATED,
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AND THAT CAUSES ALL THESE CHANGES IN YOUR BODY THAT FOCUS ON IMMEDIATE SURVIVAL OVER LONG-TERM HEALTH.
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BUT IF WE ARE CHRONICALLY STRESSED,
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MONEY WORRIES OR A STRESSFUL GIVE,
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changes in your body that focus on immediate survival over long-term health.
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But if we are chronically stressed,
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money worries or a stressful job or something that's going on forever
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or life or chronic sleep deprivation that's causing that level of stress,
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then you might constantly have a damped-down immune system which can then lead to all these knock-on problems.
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Having none or too little of something important is known as deprivation.
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Sleep deprivation is stressful for the body.
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so stressful that it activates a fight-or-flight response,
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changes in the human body in response to a life-threatening situation,
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which make us either stay and fight the threat,
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or run away from it.
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As well as a fight-or-flight response,
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the stress of not getting enough sleep over a longer period also creates problems,
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including heart disease and a weakened immune system.
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Lack of sleep has these knock-on effects.
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It causes other things to happen, but not directly.
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Now do you see why it's so important to get a good night's sleep, Phil?
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Plus, it will stop you sleeping at work again!
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Right, I think it's time to reveal the answer to my question.
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Yes, you asked me how much of the average person's life is spent asleep,
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and I said it was about a third.
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Which was the correct answer!
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Assuming you sleep eight hours a day,
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the average person will sleep for 229,961 hours in their lifetime,
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or around one third of their life.
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OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned,
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starting with the phrases catch 40 winks,
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get some shut-eye, doze and take a nap – all of which mean to sleep.
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When someone takes in information, they understand it.
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If you have a problem and you sleep on it,
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you delay making a decision until you've had time to think about it.
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Deprivation is an absence or too little of something important,
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such as food or sleep.
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The fight or flight response describes changes in the human body in response to a dangerous situation,
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which make us either stay and fight the threat,
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or run away from it.
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And finally, if something has a knock-on effect,
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it causes other results indirectly.
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Once again our six minutes are up,
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but remember to join us again next time for more trending topics and useful vocabulary here at 6 Minute English.
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Goodbye for now.
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Bye!
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from bbclearningenglish.com Learn English from the news with BBC Learning English.
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One big story every week,
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three news headlines and all the vocabulary you need to understand the story in English.
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Plus, you can download a free worksheet on our website for every episode.
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Search Learning English from the News on your podcast app or visit bbclearningenglish.com.

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Por que praticar a conversação com este vídeo?

Praticar a conversação em inglês com vídeos como o "Why you need a good night's sleep" oferece uma excelente oportunidade para melhorar suas habilidades de fala. Através da técnica de shadowing em inglês, você pode repetir as falas enquanto ouve, imitando a entonação e o ritmo dos falantes nativos. Isso ajuda a desenvolver a fluência e a confiança na sua pronúncia. Além disso, compreender a importância de uma boa noite de sono, como discutido no vídeo, permite que você não só aprenda novo vocabulário, mas também contextualize esses aprendizados na sua vida diária. Incorporando essa prática, especialmente num shadowing site, você se tornará mais apto a se expressar efetivamente em situações sociais e profissionais.

Gramática e expressões em contexto

  • “Sleep on it”: Esta expressão idiomática destaca a prática de adiar uma decisão para dar tempo à reflexão. É uma ótima maneira de enriquecer sua conversação ao discutir problemas.
  • Frases no passado simples: Usar o passado simples, como em “I didn’t sleep well last night”, é fundamental para relatar experiências, uma habilidade essencial em qualquer prática de conversação.
  • Estruturas de pergunta: A técnica de formular perguntas, como “Do you know how much of the average person's life is spent asleep?”, pode ser utilizada para engajar outros na conversa e expandir o diálogo.
  • O uso do futuro simples: Frases como “make sure you go to bed early tonight” mostram como orientações e planos futuros são importantes para construções de conversação.

Armadilhas comuns de pronúncia

Ao assistir ao vídeo, preste atenção em algumas palavras que podem ser desafiadoras. Por exemplo, "concentrate" pode ser difícil devido à pronúncia da sílaba tônica, que deve ser enfatizada corretamente. Além disso, expressões como “fight-or-flight response” são complexas e requerem prática para serem pronunciadas fluentemente. O acento nas palavras e a ligação entre elas também desempenham um papel importante e, com a técnica de shadow speech, você pode trabalhar essas nuances.

Utilizar conteúdos do YouTube, como os apresentados nesta prática, torna-se uma ferramenta valiosa para aprender inglês com YouTube, ajudando a fortalecer seu domínio na língua através de contextos reais e dinâmicos. Portanto, ao implementar essas técnicas, sua prática de conversação em inglês certamente se tornará mais eficaz e envolvente.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

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