Практика Shadowing: Why you need a good night's sleep ⏲️ 6 Minute English - Изучайте разговорный английский с YouTube
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6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Georgie and we're ready to start, Phil.
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Phil?
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Phil!
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Sorry Georgie, I was just catching 40 winks,
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you know, getting some shut-eye, dozing, taking a nap.
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I was sleeping.
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Sleeping at work!
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Phil, how could you?
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I know, I know.
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Sorry, I didn't sleep well last night.
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I'll forgive you this time,
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but make sure you go to bed early tonight because getting a good night's sleep is incredibly important.
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For example, did you know that people who get enough sleep live about five years longer than people who don't?
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Wow.
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So a good night's sleep can lengthen your life.
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In this programme, we'll be finding out more about the benefits of sleep and,
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as usual, learning some useful new vocabulary as well.
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But first, now that you've woken up,
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I have a question for you.
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Do you know how much of the average person's life is spent asleep?
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Is it a a half, b a quarter, or c a third?
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Hmm, I think we spend about a third of our lives sleeping.
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OK, well, I'll reveal the correct answer at the end of the programme.
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The question of why humans sleep is not easy to answer.
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In terms of evolution, why would it make sense to go unconscious every night,
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leaving yourself vulnerable to danger?
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It can only mean that the benefits gained from sleep are huge.
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Here, science journalist Ginny Smith explains some of these benefits to BBC Radio 4 programme Inside Science.
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So we've probably all experienced this,
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that if you've had a bad night's sleep and then you try and do some work,
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you just can't concentrate.
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Your brain isn't in the right state to take in new information.
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But we also need to sleep after we've learnt new things because that's when our brain consolidates the information,
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takes it from short-term storage to long-term storage,
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fits it in with other things we already know.
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That old adage of if you've got a problem, sleep on it.
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Your brain does actually work on things during the night
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and you can often wake up and have solved the problem in your sleep.
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When we sleep, our brains refresh,
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leaving us feeling rested in the morning.
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But after a bad night's sleep,
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it's more difficult to concentrate.
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We can't take in or understand new information.
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We also have the saying,
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if you've got a problem, sleep on it.
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To sleep on it means to delay making a decision until you've had time to think about it.
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But that also turns out to be true scientifically speaking.
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During sleep your brain really can work out problems and find solutions.
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But what about the other side of the story?
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What happens when you get too little sleep, or none at all?
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Here's Ginny Smith again, talking to BBC Radio 4 programme Inside Science.
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SLEEP DEPRIVATION IS A FORM OF STRESS,
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AND WE KNOW THAT WHEN YOU ARE STRESSED,
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YOUR SORT OF FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE IS ACTIVATED,
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AND THAT CAUSES ALL THESE CHANGES IN YOUR BODY THAT FOCUS ON IMMEDIATE SURVIVAL OVER LONG-TERM HEALTH.
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BUT IF WE ARE CHRONICALLY STRESSED,
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MONEY WORRIES OR A STRESSFUL GIVE,
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changes in your body that focus on immediate survival over long-term health.
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But if we are chronically stressed,
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money worries or a stressful job or something that's going on forever
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or life or chronic sleep deprivation that's causing that level of stress,
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then you might constantly have a damped-down immune system which can then lead to all these knock-on problems.
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Having none or too little of something important is known as deprivation.
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Sleep deprivation is stressful for the body.
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so stressful that it activates a fight-or-flight response,
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changes in the human body in response to a life-threatening situation,
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which make us either stay and fight the threat,
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or run away from it.
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As well as a fight-or-flight response,
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the stress of not getting enough sleep over a longer period also creates problems,
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including heart disease and a weakened immune system.
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Lack of sleep has these knock-on effects.
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It causes other things to happen, but not directly.
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Now do you see why it's so important to get a good night's sleep, Phil?
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Plus, it will stop you sleeping at work again!
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Right, I think it's time to reveal the answer to my question.
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Yes, you asked me how much of the average person's life is spent asleep,
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and I said it was about a third.
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Which was the correct answer!
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Assuming you sleep eight hours a day,
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the average person will sleep for 229,961 hours in their lifetime,
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or around one third of their life.
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OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned,
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starting with the phrases catch 40 winks,
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get some shut-eye, doze and take a nap – all of which mean to sleep.
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When someone takes in information, they understand it.
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If you have a problem and you sleep on it,
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you delay making a decision until you've had time to think about it.
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Deprivation is an absence or too little of something important,
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such as food or sleep.
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The fight or flight response describes changes in the human body in response to a dangerous situation,
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which make us either stay and fight the threat,
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or run away from it.
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And finally, if something has a knock-on effect,
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it causes other results indirectly.
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Once again our six minutes are up,
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but remember to join us again next time for more trending topics and useful vocabulary here at 6 Minute English.
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Goodbye for now.
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Bye!
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from bbclearningenglish.com Learn English from the news with BBC Learning English.
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One big story every week,
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three news headlines and all the vocabulary you need to understand the story in English.
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Plus, you can download a free worksheet on our website for every episode.
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Search Learning English from the News on your podcast app or visit bbclearningenglish.com.
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Об этом уроке
В этом уроке вы получите возможность попрактиковать навыки разговорного английского, прослушав диалог о важности хорошего ночного сна. Вам будет предложено изучить полезную лексику и фразы, связанные со сном, а также рассмотреть влияние недостатка сна на наше здоровье. При помощи техник shadowspeak вы сможете улучшить своё произношение и способность к восприятию английской речи на слух, что полезно для практики разговорного английского.
Ключевая лексика и фразы
- catch 40 winks - вздремнуть
- getting some shut-eye - немного поспать
- sleep deprivation - недостаток сна
- consolidate information - укреплять информацию
- fight or flight response - реакция "борьбы или бегства"
- knock-on problems - сопутствующие проблемы
- sleep on it - отложить решение до следующего утра
- long-term health - долгосрочное здоровье
Советы по практике
Для того чтобы максимально эффективно использовать возможности shadowspeak, попробуйте следовать этим рекомендациям при прослушивании видео:
- Повторяйте фразы сразу после носителя языка. Это поможет улучшить ваше произношение и интонацию, а также развить навыки аудирования.
- Обратите внимание на скорость речи. Если она слишком быстрая, можно замедлить воспроизведение, чтобы лучше уловить каждую деталь.
- Записывайте себя во время практики. Это позволит вам проанализировать своё произношение и обнаружить области, требующие улучшения.
- Создайте списки новых слов и фраз. Регулярно обращайтесь к ним при повторении, чтобы закрепить изученное.
- Используйте контекст. Старайтесь понять, в каких ситуациях используются изучаемые слова и фразы, чтобы применять их в своем разговорном английском.
Регулярная практика поможет вам значительно повысить уверенность в себе при общении на английском языке. Начните учить английский с YouTube прямо сейчас и ощутите, как развивается ваши навыки!
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.
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