ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Don't Lose the Room: How to Make Ideas Stick
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Know your stuff, practice, and then just do it and be there.
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My name is Matt Abrahams, and I teach strategic communication at Stanford Graduate School of Business.
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Welcome to Think Fast, Talk Smart, the podcast.
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Today, I'm really excited to speak with Kai Rizdahl.
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Kai is the host and senior editor of Marketplace, an Emmy and Peabody award -winning daily show where he translates complex economic and business news into engaging,
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accessible conversations for millions of listeners.
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Before Marketplace, Kai spent eight years in the United States Navy
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and later served as a member of the United States Foreign Service.
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He's renowned for his signature conversational delivery and deep economic expertise.
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So welcome, Kai.
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I am a big listener to your show.
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I enjoy it every day.
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And a big thank you to Mary Beth Kirshner and J .J.
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Yor for the introduction.
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Thanks for being here.
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I'm absolutely pleased to.
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Okay.
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Shall we get started?
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Yeah.
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All right.
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You've got a unique gift of making sense of a lot of really complex, detailed information.
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A lot of the people listening in are in similar situations where they have technical, financial, scientific information they have to get across.
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How do you think about making that content accessible? it's important to understand
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that I am not a business and economics guy I'm a history
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and political science guy from way back right I have not taken economics course number one in college
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or in graduate school
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and until I got the job at marketplace I hadn't really given it much thought
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so when I sit down and this holds true for my entire time at marketplace
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when I sit down to write the show I do two
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things I have to make it make sense to myself what I'm saying right
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so obviously I have to do some research and understand what it is
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and then figure out how I'm going to explain it.
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And then, and this is the God's honest truth.
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I think about how I would help my mother understand it.
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My mom is an 86 year old woman who this is true, does not have an ATM card,
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goes to the bank every Friday afternoon and cashes a check for a hundred dollars to tie her over until next Friday.
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So if I can make it make sense to her, then I think I'm doing all right.
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The caveat and the catch with that, of course, is that we have really sophisticated listeners to Marketplace, right?
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We have folks who work on Wall Street.
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We have folks who work in the industry.
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We have folks who work in every possible slice of this economy, and they understand in depth the things that I'm talking about.
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So make it understandable, but don't dumb it down.
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That's the challenge.
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Right.
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Are there particular techniques that you rely on, analogies, stories?
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Just a turn of phrase.
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This is sort of overly simplistic, but radio, audio, uh video aside right because that's where podcasts are going
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or already are um is a distinctly aural medium and
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so it has to resonate with people it has to it has to come off my tongue in a way
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that i know what i'm talking about
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and then it has to land with them in a way
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that they're going to be able to absorb it so
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that they're not trying to process the thing i just said
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while they're listening to the thing i'm saying now
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so it's a little bit of wordplay it's a little bit of humor it's a little bit of self -deprecation
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and then the nuts and bolts right and you're
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so good at doing that i really appreciate this idea
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that it's not just landing what you're saying in the moment
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but you don't want it to distract them from what comes next
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so that's the difference between audio and print right
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when i'm reading a newspaper article or a magazine article
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if i realize that i've blipped out for a second
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and i can't remember what this guy's name is i can scroll back can't really do
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that you can do that on a podcast
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but you know in broadcast audio you can And if you have to do it on podcast and in digital audio, you're kind of breaking the rhythm, you know?
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Yeah, there is a rhythm to it.
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And you're very good at keeping things moving.
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There's a flow to the work you do.
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Are you conscious of that?
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Oh, yeah, very much so.
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Very much so.
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Tell me more about that.
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My job is to make everybody who's there at the beginning of the program
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or the beginning of the podcast or the beginning of whatever I'm doing still be there at the end.
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So you weave that through the program.
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You make references to things you have said or are going to say.
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You talk about things that are coming up.
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Just make people still be there.
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You know, if you actually listen to a 28 minute and 45 second episode of Marketplace, which is how much time we have,
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my total content on days that don't have a lot of interviews and me content, my total contribution is three and a half,
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maybe four minutes in 30 second chunks setting up our reporters, right?
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So my job is to make those reporters stories sing
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and to make people at the end of my 30 second
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introduction say oh wait now i want to hear this story
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and make them hang around for another three minutes and 30 seconds
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or whatever it is um and so that's sort of what i do
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when i teach my students i use the analogy of being
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a tour guide a good tour guide gets people excited yeah
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and keeps them moving throughout and wanting to see what's next
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but doesn't give it away that's exactly right right because
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if you give it away then what do you even do that's right
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so you have to you have to make them curious without revealing too much
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and there's a skill to
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that speaking of the way your show runs we we had
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peter sagal on who did wait wait don't tell me and we talked about
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introductions many of us are in situations where we have to
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introduce people you do a lot of introductions just like him do you have a way of introducing people
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that that others could leverage so first of all just on my own personal experience
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and for those out there who wind up doing a lot
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of introductions don't read somebody's cv out loud just don't do
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that please it's it's not only is it mortifying it's not
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edifying for the audience um find something personal find an anecdote find something that's going to make it stick
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that that's the only thing i can say make it relevant
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to the people to whom this person is going to be
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speaking right introduce them make them make friends you know in
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in as short a period as as you have to do it
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because that's what you have to do and
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when i'm setting up an interview it's me
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and this person for the next four minutes
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and the audience has to be there and if you if you don't have the audience with you then you failed honestly.
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Right.
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And look, I'm, I'm a huge fan of Peter's and Peter does this really well, you know, and he does it with humor.
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He has a benefit actually of having the live audience, right?
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So he's got, he's got that feedback mechanism.
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Um, but you know, just, just make people make friends.
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That's it.
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I like what you said to me, a good introduction and you hinted at this is it's an invitation.
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It's an invitation to want to hear more
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and you're setting the other person up and anecdotes are great ways to do it.
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Uh, so you interview a wide range of people from fortune 500 ceos to a small business owner
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and your interviews often feel very conversational not very threatening how do you work to make
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that conversation happen it feels like people are just talking to
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you even though there are many many people listening in
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so this is a methodology question right yes obviously there's a
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team of producers at marketplace uh who do the booking of the interview, they'll do sometimes an initial conversation with that person.
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Uh, and then sometimes, uh, you know, actually think about the questions they want to ask.
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And they give me basically a one sheet and they say, listen, this is why we're going to do this person.
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Here are my thoughts on this.
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And here's a couple of questions.
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I take that and I internalize it.
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Uh, and then I put it away and I, I will not go into a studio with a list of questions in front of me.
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I will have major points and things that really need to be said, especially if it's a big deal interview.
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Like if I'm talking to Jay Powell, you know, there's some things I have to ask him and I'll note those down.
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But but the name of the game is to be there.
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And by being there, I mean, you have to listen because we can all hear
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when an interviewer is literally running down a list of questions
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and has not paid attention to the answer preceding the next question and just moves right on.
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And that makes me crazy.
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So so be there.
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Be in the moment.
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Make it a conversation.
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understand that you are in charge and you have to guide this person to where you want them to be, but it can't be just ticking through a list of questions, right?
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And sometimes the best question is an interrogatory.
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Tell me more about that.
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Oh, or sometimes if it's a newsmaker who's blowing you off, come on, really just be there and be yourself.
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Yeah.
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And connect what they're saying to what's important for you.
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And marketplace has a very specific purpose.
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right our purpose is to raise the economic intelligence of the country
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and so what you will hear in my interviews versus an interview that you hear on other shows or other podcasts
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is me going with
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that lens right let's let's figure out what the economic slice of this what the business slice of this is
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and help people understand that part of what it is
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that they're going to consume in the news
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that day i'm incredibly conscious of that because that's our bread
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and butter right our bread and butter is business and the economy as a lens to see the world.
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And, and that's what I do every day when I go into the studio.
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So having a clear focus of what the goal is, the larger goal, being present and listening and knowing that it's not just the questions you ask,
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but it's the responses to the question that keep it conversation.
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It's entirely the responses to the questions, right?
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Because the person you're talking to has to feel that they are in a conversation with you.
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If they feel they're on the spot or they're just answering rote questions, then their answers change.
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That's death to a, to a decent interview.
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And it's four minutes that my mom's going to turn off the radio.
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How do you keep an interview on track?
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Sometimes people wander or they don't want to answer the question you, you ask.
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How do you bring it back?
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So that, so that's two different things.
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Sure.
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If they don't want to answer the question you asked, you have to ask the question again.
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And what I will not infrequently do is after I've asked question A, they will give me answer X, right?
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And I will say in these many words, let me try this again and see if I can get a different answer.
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Right.
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So that they know that number one, I'm not satisfied with what they said.
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Right.
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But number two, maybe they'll frame things in a slightly different way.
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A really experienced CEO is going to stick to their knitting and give you the stock answer.
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Somebody who's, you know, a regular walk of life or running a small business or what have you is going to probably recirculate.
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And then the other thing is, you know, if, if they don't tell you what you need to know, you have to keep going at it, right?
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If it's an important thing, if it's an important interview, you have to get that information out there because that's what the listener demands.
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And when somebody goes off track or on a tangent, how do you pull them back?
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You got to interrupt them sometimes, right?
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Sometimes you have to say, listen, let's put a pin in that conversation and let's bring it back here to, to this other thing, right?
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Also, if you're doing a live interview, it's one thing, but if you're doing a taped interview, you have the power of the razor blade and the splicing tape, you know, and you can, you can sort of save them from themselves.
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One of the techniques I like to use when things get a little off on a tangent is, is to interrupt.
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I totally agree, but I do so with a paraphrase where I'll highlight something that they've said and then pull it back.
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Right. And totally.
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But again, it comes back to that being that tour guide where you know where you want to go.
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And if we start going off, we got to pull.
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And the catch of course is finding that moment, right?
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Because you don't want to be rude.
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You don't want to really interrupt them.
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Uh, but it's your job to keep the train on tracks for sure
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and the rudeness piece i think is a really important point
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when you're you don't want to be rude to the guest
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but you're being rude to the other people the audience
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if you don't do it so
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so you've got to weigh those zoom where conversations turn into
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results hi matt here we all know how valuable zoom can be for our conversations our meetings for connecting
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Zoom ahead.
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There's a lot of emotion in some of the things that you talk about, anxiety in particular, you know, when we're talking about economics, what's going on in the world.
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how do you thread that needle of acknowledging the emotion, the anxiety in the moment, but also not getting people so upset and fearful that they tune out?
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We had this conversation a lot in the early days of the financial crisis going on now 20 years ago,
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because the news, much as it is today, was really, really grim.
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And it was economically and financially scary.
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And our conversation was, what's our job?
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Is our job to make people feel better
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or is our job to help them understand what's happening and then they can process it how they want.
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And we came down on, we have to help them understand this, right?
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And we can't sugarcoat it.
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So let's address the anxiety.
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Let's address the fact that these are scary, scary times and then go from there with them having the information.
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I had done about probably 10 years ago now, uh, an interview with, uh, the CEO of Marriott, right?
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I went to New York, went to breakfast with him in a Marriott hotel, and we had a great conversation and it was really good.
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Arnie Sorensen, CEO of Marriott.
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Okay.
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Formerly.
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Anyway, early in COVID, I discovered that he had been diagnosed with stage four, uh, cancer of some variety or other.
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And it was like terminal and he knew that.
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And so we got him back on the show because he hadn't stepped down yet, but he was clearly dying.
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And we did it on video actually.
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And he looked like a state four cancer guy.
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And we had a whole conversation about his scary moment in these really scary times.
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It landed with me.
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It landed with listeners and you just have to go there.
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Right.
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And look, I've, I've been doing this for a while now.
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And I think listeners trust me to take them there.
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I think about that interview a lot, actually, that was a moment, right?
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It was a moment.
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And You just, you just have to lean into it.
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Acknowledging that there is anxiety around this and saying, we're going to get through this together, but you're better off understanding and appreciate it.
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Right.
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Knowing.
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And that, that way people are willing to go that distance.
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And I think the point you made is that there's, there's a trust that people have in you that allows that to happen.
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I want to deal with anxiety specifically about anxiety.
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You might feel you've been a fighter pilot, a diplomat, you're a live on air host.
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For many of us, those would be anxiety filled situations.
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Do you have some things that you do to help you manage your anxiety that others of us could benefit from?
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Here is my mantra.
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And it makes my producers crazy when I say this out loud, but it is truly what I believe.
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If you think about how you sound in front of a microphone, while you're sitting in front of a microphone, you're going to screw up how you sound on the microphone.
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So don't think, just talk.
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Okay?
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Now, that's not to say don't be prepared it's not to
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say don't think about what you want to get out of
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it before you go sit down in the studio it's not to say don't be your prepared best right
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but once you get there
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and this goes back to the thing we're talking about before
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about being in the conversation once you get there the only way to be there
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is not think about all those other things just be there right
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and have that conversation it sounds silly but
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but in a way that's calming right because
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if you know you've done your homework before you get into the studio right you don't need
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that piece of paper you don't need the producer in
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that ear once you're there you have to be there and
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if you're thinking about all
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that lot of crap you're doing it wrong you know a
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lot of my work in the last several years has been helping people speak in the moment
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and spontaneously right and it's exactly what you're talking about You can do a lot to prepare.
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People always sort of cock their head when I say you can prepare to be spontaneous, but it's that planning, that prep.
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That's exactly right.
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And then when you show up, you just do it.
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It's like an athlete.
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Athletes do lots of drills.
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And look, there are some people who can actually not think about it and show up and be spontaneous and be great.
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That's not most people.
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That's correct.
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That's correct.
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So it helps you to manage some of the fear is
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that you do a lot of prep and then you just focus.
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Then I know when I get in the room, I know what I'm doing.
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So if something doesn't go the way you want, a question doesn't come out right, you say something that you're not happy with, in the moment, what do you do with that?
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And after the fact, what do you do with that?
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So I try really hard not to fix things after the fact, right?
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So when we're doing a taped interview and I screw something up and I know I've screwed it up, I will actually correct it in the next moment, right?
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The next moment I have in that interview, just to go back and be honest about it sometimes my producer will be on slack
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and say listen it's 42 not 17 or whatever
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but just fix it right there you know right
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and not beat yourself up about it
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because you can then get in your head saying i can't believe i made
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that mistake i said the wrong number uh you have to still be in
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that moment mike trushefsky the famous basketball coach um taught his players this idea of next play
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so you screw up you keep going so
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so i'm a i'm a high school and college soccer referee okay
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and it's the same deal because if you don't let the mistake
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that you made by not calling that foul or missing the handball
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or whatever if you don't let
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that go you will surely miss the next one right
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and it's a 90 minute game
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and you got to be there for all 90 minutes of it that's exactly right you're a ref i find
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that really interesting given what you do for a profession i see some commonalities of
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that but absolutely you can carry with you that that issue
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and and i that in
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and of itself is a skill that's hard for people to let go it's really hard
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and there's a i like to distinguish between rumination
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and reflection i think reflection is really important that's how we learn
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and we grow but if we ruminate in
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that moment it's going to cause everything totally agree you ask
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a lot of questions yeah a lot of questions how do you stay curious about
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that i mean it can become sort of mundane
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but you you seem genuine genuinely interested i i am a genuinely curious person and
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and that's the rewarding part of being a journalist right my
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job you know people always say well the host job in
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a radio program is to be a you know a stand -in for the audience
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and ask them what they want to know and
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and sure yes to some degree but
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but my job is to be respectful of the guest
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and respectful of the audience's time
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and to try to elicit from them you know things
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that i think the audience is going to find interesting
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and the only way to do
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that is to be curious about what they do sometimes it's manufactured curiosity and sometimes it's genuine.
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But the name of the game is don't let that show be there, ask those questions and hope the audience gets something out of it.
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And even in those manufactured moments, there's something in there that is interesting.
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Oh yeah.
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There's, there's always something that makes you go, huh?
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And which by the way, if you're listening to the answer, leads you on a different path and it takes you off of that prepared list of questions, right?
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That's right.
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Is there a question that you have that you go back to if you need a question in the moment, do you have a favorite or a go -to or not
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so much i smiled
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because me me having a me going blank in a big
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interview led to one of the most revealing answers we've ever had on marketplace
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but but let me give him my go -to my go -to for anybody is in a business
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and economic situation what's your worst nightmare what keeps you up at night it gives me time to think
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and regroup you know um and they will sometimes the answers are revealing
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and sometimes it's cutting room floor stuff right sometimes it's good
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and sometimes does not i was interviewing janet yellen once between her time as fed chair
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and uh when she got the job as treasury secretary
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so it's like 2018 -19 we went to her office in brookings in washington
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when i go into those interviews i don't have a piece of paper in front of me
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because i i like to be there
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and present with the the person i'm talking to
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and she finished whatever answer she had given to the question
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and my mind just went blank i just completely brain farted
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and so looked at her and i said do you think donald trump understands economic policy
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and she looked at me and said no i don't
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and i was like oh my god oh my god right
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it came from me just not knowing what else to do
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so i just came up with something right
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so you know just say something right the biggest fear people report to me is the fear of blanking out
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and but it happens to everybody right you know i mean
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and the way through it is to to do what you did just throw out a question through it yeah Yeah, yeah, yeah.
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Really interesting.
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Before we get started, a quick reminder to make sure you're following our show in whatever app you're listening to.
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And now back to our conversation.
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I end all of my episodes with three questions that I'm going to make up just for you and the other two.
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I've been asking people for a long time.
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Are you up for that?
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Yeah in terms of what you do how do you see ai impacting communication
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and journalism in general well so that's two different things right the issue of communication
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and fakes and all of those things is deeply troubling not just on a journalistic level
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but on a societal level right on a trust
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and on a mutual adherence to norms basis right uh i
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think that's that's really really challenging journalism can be really really
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helped by artificial intelligence analysis trendspotting you know all of those things
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but ai writing articles and doing podcasts and all of
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which is capable of doing is not the way to a successful future for the united states
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and for the rest of the planet you know set aside the fact
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that it would put me
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and probably you out of a job absolutely yeah you know right
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so use it as a tool it is a tool right
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but be smart and let's have a human in that loop
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and let's not just abrogate all responsibility
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and say here you go right ai is going to take care of this
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because it's not at the end of the day communication is operationalized critical thinking
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and if we like right if we let ai do
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that we're missing out on right question number two who's a communicator
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that you admire and why the two that i've come up with are not
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spoken word people okay um uh jim fallows uh formerly at the atlantic now on his own sub stack
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but for many years, an observational journalist of international affairs, national security, and a writer, I would read almost anything he's read, truly.
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Same thing goes for John Dickerson, late of CBS News and Slate.
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I just find those two guys really interesting to read.
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I'm really critical of spoken word people or television people because I'm so innately connected to that.
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Part of that's probably professional jealousy.
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Part of it's probably envy somehow, but those are two who come to the top of my head.
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Is there something that they do in their writing that's particularly, is it their thoroughness?
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They are at the same time, very concrete and very big idea.
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And they have the ability to land that plane, if you will.
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And that's an art to be able to transcend both those and make it concrete.
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Final question.
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What are the first three ingredients that go into a successful communication recipe?
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Know what you're talking about.
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but not to such a degree as you are paralyzed by the information, right?
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It's like you use the, the recipe thing.
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I will continue that analogy, right?
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You know, sometimes you need to pinch of salt.
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Sometimes you need to have a tablespoon of salt, whatever, throw some salt in there.
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Right.
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So know what you're talking about.
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Number two, some concept of brevity.
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Um, if you are long -winded, you will lose people's attention.
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Uh, if you are too short winded, you, you short change your listener and, and the subject at hand.
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So find that happy medium between going on too long and just saying, all right, let's go.
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And then finally, I'm going to go back to my old standby.
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Um, don't think too much, know what you're talking about, right?
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Item number one on this, know what you're talking about.
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And then once you know that, once you've internalized it, then just just be in the moment
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and just do it right be present be yourself express yourself
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and then the audience will react to you know your stuff be concise yeah
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and be present yeah excellent ingredients and in helpful for not just what you do
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but for what all of us do okay this has been
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fantastic a fanboy moment for me i i really enjoy your show
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and i enjoy how you communicate
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and try to emulate some of the things you do thank you for your time
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and keep up the great work absolutely a pleasure man thank
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you thank you for listening to another episode of think fast
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talk smart the podcast to learn more about similar communication listen to peter sagal episode 220.
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this episode was produced by katherine reed Ryan Campos, and me, Matt Abrahams.
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Our music is from Floyd Wonder, with special thanks to the team at Spotify Los Angeles and Podium Podcast Company.
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Please find us on YouTube and wherever you get your podcasts.
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Be sure to subscribe and rate us.
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Also follow us on LinkedIn, TikTok, and Instagram.
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And check out FasterSmarter .io for deep dive videos, English language learning content, and our newsletter.
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Please consider joining our Think Fast, Talk Smart learning community at faster smarter dot io slash learning
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you'll find video lessons learning quests discussion boards my ai coach
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and book club opportunities again that's faster smarter dot io slash
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learning to become part of the think fast talk smart learning community
ดาวน์โหลดแอป
ทุกอย่างที่ต้องใช้เพื่อพูดได้คล่อง
AI ให้คะแนนการออกเสียงให้คะแนนทุกประโยค
ฝึก IPAเชี่ยวชาญทุกเสียง
คำศัพท์สร้างคลังคำของคุณ
เกมคำศัพท์เล่นไปเรียนไป
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Don't Lose the Room: How to Make Ideas Stick” เป็นสื่อ วิดีโอนี้มี 435 ประโยค และ 5244 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 25:38 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 205 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก 86% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| podcast คำนาม | /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ | พอดแคสต์, พอดคาสต์ |
| listener คำนาม | /ˈlɪs(ə)nɚ/ | ผู้ฟัง |
| strawberry คำนาม | /ˈstɹɔˌbɛɹi/ | สตรอว์เบอร์รี่ |
| microphone คำนาม | /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfəʊn/ | ไมโครโฟน |
| slice คำนาม | /slaɪs/ | ชิ้น |
| preposition คำนาม | /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/ | บุพบท, บุรพบท |
| tangent คำนาม | /ˈtæn.d͡ʒənt/ | เส้นสัมผัส |
| rhythm คำนาม | /ˈɹɪð.əm/ | จังหวะ |
| athlete คำนาม | /ˈæθ.liːt/ | นักกีฬา |
| journalism คำนาม | /ˈd͡ʒɝnl̩ˌɪzəm/ | วารสารศาสตร์ |
| reflection คำนาม | /ɹɪˈflɛkʃən/ | การสะท้อน |
| lens คำนาม | /lɛnz/ | เลนส์, แว่น |
| emotion คำนาม | /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ | อารมณ์ |
| diagnose คำกริยา | /ˈdaɪ.əɡˌnoʊs/ | วินิจฉัย |
| mantra คำนาม | /ˈmɑn.tɹə/ | มนตร์ |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| show up คำกริยา | โผล่ |
| go back คำกริยา | กลับไป |
| sit down คำกริยา | นั่ง |
| turn off คำกริยา | ปิด, ดับ |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- How do you think about making that content accessible?
- Are you conscious of that?
- How do you keep an interview on track?
- How do you bring it back?
- Are you up for that?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — การกระทำที่เริ่มก่อนหน้านี้และยังดำเนินอยู่ | I've been doing · has been helping · I've been asking |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | have not taken · i've blipped · have said |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | be said · had been diagnosed · is operationalized |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | woman who this · Marketplace, which is · people who can |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 122 ครั้ง เช่น you're, don't, I'm ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/, athlete /ˈæθ.liːt/, methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, reflection /ɹɪˈflɛkʃən/, conscious /ˈkɑn.ʃəs/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/, accessible /əkˈsɛs.ɪ.bəl/, communicator /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪtə/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: slice /slaɪs/, accessible /əkˈsɛs.ɪ.bəl/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, spontaneous /spɑnˈteɪ.ni.əs/, lens /lɛnz/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, interviewer /ˈɪntɚvjuɚ/, weave /wiːv/, envy /ˈɛnvi/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: zoom /zuːm/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, journalism /ˈd͡ʒɝnl̩ˌɪzəm/, lens /lɛnz/, razor /ˈɹeɪzɚ/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง podcast, listener, strawberry เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ