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Know your stuff, practice, and then just do it and be there.
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My name is Matt Abrahams, and I teach strategic communication at Stanford Graduate School of Business.
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Welcome to Think Fast, Talk Smart, the podcast.
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Today, I'm really excited to speak with Kai Rizdahl.
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Kai is the host and senior editor of Marketplace, an Emmy and Peabody award -winning daily show where he translates complex economic and business news into engaging,
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accessible conversations for millions of listeners.
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Before Marketplace, Kai spent eight years in the United States Navy
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and later served as a member of the United States Foreign Service.
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He's renowned for his signature conversational delivery and deep economic expertise.
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So welcome, Kai.
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I am a big listener to your show.
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I enjoy it every day.
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And a big thank you to Mary Beth Kirshner and J .J.
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Yor for the introduction.
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Thanks for being here.
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I'm absolutely pleased to.
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Okay.
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Shall we get started?
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Yeah.
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All right.
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You've got a unique gift of making sense of a lot of really complex, detailed information.
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A lot of the people listening in are in similar situations where they have technical, financial, scientific information they have to get across.
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How do you think about making that content accessible? it's important to understand
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that I am not a business and economics guy I'm a history
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and political science guy from way back right I have not taken economics course number one in college
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or in graduate school
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and until I got the job at marketplace I hadn't really given it much thought
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so when I sit down and this holds true for my entire time at marketplace
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when I sit down to write the show I do two
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things I have to make it make sense to myself what I'm saying right
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so obviously I have to do some research and understand what it is
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and then figure out how I'm going to explain it.
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And then, and this is the God's honest truth.
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I think about how I would help my mother understand it.
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My mom is an 86 year old woman who this is true, does not have an ATM card,
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goes to the bank every Friday afternoon and cashes a check for a hundred dollars to tie her over until next Friday.
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So if I can make it make sense to her, then I think I'm doing all right.
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The caveat and the catch with that, of course, is that we have really sophisticated listeners to Marketplace, right?
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We have folks who work on Wall Street.
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We have folks who work in the industry.
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We have folks who work in every possible slice of this economy, and they understand in depth the things that I'm talking about.
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So make it understandable, but don't dumb it down.
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That's the challenge.
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Right.
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Are there particular techniques that you rely on, analogies, stories?
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Just a turn of phrase.
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This is sort of overly simplistic, but radio, audio, uh video aside right because that's where podcasts are going
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or already are um is a distinctly aural medium and
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so it has to resonate with people it has to it has to come off my tongue in a way
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that i know what i'm talking about
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and then it has to land with them in a way
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that they're going to be able to absorb it so
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that they're not trying to process the thing i just said
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while they're listening to the thing i'm saying now
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so it's a little bit of wordplay it's a little bit of humor it's a little bit of self -deprecation
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and then the nuts and bolts right and you're
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so good at doing that i really appreciate this idea
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that it's not just landing what you're saying in the moment
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but you don't want it to distract them from what comes next
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so that's the difference between audio and print right
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when i'm reading a newspaper article or a magazine article
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if i realize that i've blipped out for a second
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and i can't remember what this guy's name is i can scroll back can't really do
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that you can do that on a podcast
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but you know in broadcast audio you can And if you have to do it on podcast and in digital audio, you're kind of breaking the rhythm, you know?
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Yeah, there is a rhythm to it.
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And you're very good at keeping things moving.
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There's a flow to the work you do.
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Are you conscious of that?
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Oh, yeah, very much so.
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Very much so.
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Tell me more about that.
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My job is to make everybody who's there at the beginning of the program
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or the beginning of the podcast or the beginning of whatever I'm doing still be there at the end.
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So you weave that through the program.
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You make references to things you have said or are going to say.
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You talk about things that are coming up.
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Just make people still be there.
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You know, if you actually listen to a 28 minute and 45 second episode of Marketplace, which is how much time we have,
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my total content on days that don't have a lot of interviews and me content, my total contribution is three and a half,
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maybe four minutes in 30 second chunks setting up our reporters, right?
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So my job is to make those reporters stories sing
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and to make people at the end of my 30 second
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introduction say oh wait now i want to hear this story
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and make them hang around for another three minutes and 30 seconds
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or whatever it is um and so that's sort of what i do
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when i teach my students i use the analogy of being
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a tour guide a good tour guide gets people excited yeah
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and keeps them moving throughout and wanting to see what's next
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but doesn't give it away that's exactly right right because
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if you give it away then what do you even do that's right
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so you have to you have to make them curious without revealing too much
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and there's a skill to
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that speaking of the way your show runs we we had
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peter sagal on who did wait wait don't tell me and we talked about
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introductions many of us are in situations where we have to
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introduce people you do a lot of introductions just like him do you have a way of introducing people
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that that others could leverage so first of all just on my own personal experience
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and for those out there who wind up doing a lot
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of introductions don't read somebody's cv out loud just don't do
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that please it's it's not only is it mortifying it's not
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edifying for the audience um find something personal find an anecdote find something that's going to make it stick
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that that's the only thing i can say make it relevant
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to the people to whom this person is going to be
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speaking right introduce them make them make friends you know in
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in as short a period as as you have to do it
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because that's what you have to do and
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when i'm setting up an interview it's me
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and this person for the next four minutes
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and the audience has to be there and if you if you don't have the audience with you then you failed honestly.
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Right.
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And look, I'm, I'm a huge fan of Peter's and Peter does this really well, you know, and he does it with humor.
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He has a benefit actually of having the live audience, right?
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So he's got, he's got that feedback mechanism.
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Um, but you know, just, just make people make friends.
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That's it.
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I like what you said to me, a good introduction and you hinted at this is it's an invitation.
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It's an invitation to want to hear more
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and you're setting the other person up and anecdotes are great ways to do it.
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Uh, so you interview a wide range of people from fortune 500 ceos to a small business owner
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and your interviews often feel very conversational not very threatening how do you work to make
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that conversation happen it feels like people are just talking to
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you even though there are many many people listening in
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so this is a methodology question right yes obviously there's a
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team of producers at marketplace uh who do the booking of the interview, they'll do sometimes an initial conversation with that person.
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Uh, and then sometimes, uh, you know, actually think about the questions they want to ask.
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And they give me basically a one sheet and they say, listen, this is why we're going to do this person.
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Here are my thoughts on this.
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And here's a couple of questions.
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I take that and I internalize it.
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Uh, and then I put it away and I, I will not go into a studio with a list of questions in front of me.
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I will have major points and things that really need to be said, especially if it's a big deal interview.
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Like if I'm talking to Jay Powell, you know, there's some things I have to ask him and I'll note those down.
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But but the name of the game is to be there.
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And by being there, I mean, you have to listen because we can all hear
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when an interviewer is literally running down a list of questions
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and has not paid attention to the answer preceding the next question and just moves right on.
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And that makes me crazy.
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So so be there.
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Be in the moment.
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Make it a conversation.
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understand that you are in charge and you have to guide this person to where you want them to be, but it can't be just ticking through a list of questions, right?
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And sometimes the best question is an interrogatory.
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Tell me more about that.
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Oh, or sometimes if it's a newsmaker who's blowing you off, come on, really just be there and be yourself.
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Yeah.
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And connect what they're saying to what's important for you.
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And marketplace has a very specific purpose.
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right our purpose is to raise the economic intelligence of the country
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and so what you will hear in my interviews versus an interview that you hear on other shows or other podcasts
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is me going with
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that lens right let's let's figure out what the economic slice of this what the business slice of this is
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and help people understand that part of what it is
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that they're going to consume in the news
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that day i'm incredibly conscious of that because that's our bread
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and butter right our bread and butter is business and the economy as a lens to see the world.
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And, and that's what I do every day when I go into the studio.
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So having a clear focus of what the goal is, the larger goal, being present and listening and knowing that it's not just the questions you ask,
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but it's the responses to the question that keep it conversation.
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It's entirely the responses to the questions, right?
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Because the person you're talking to has to feel that they are in a conversation with you.
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If they feel they're on the spot or they're just answering rote questions, then their answers change.
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That's death to a, to a decent interview.
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And it's four minutes that my mom's going to turn off the radio.
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How do you keep an interview on track?
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Sometimes people wander or they don't want to answer the question you, you ask.
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How do you bring it back?
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So that, so that's two different things.
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Sure.
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If they don't want to answer the question you asked, you have to ask the question again.
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And what I will not infrequently do is after I've asked question A, they will give me answer X, right?
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And I will say in these many words, let me try this again and see if I can get a different answer.
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Right.
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So that they know that number one, I'm not satisfied with what they said.
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Right.
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But number two, maybe they'll frame things in a slightly different way.
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A really experienced CEO is going to stick to their knitting and give you the stock answer.
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Somebody who's, you know, a regular walk of life or running a small business or what have you is going to probably recirculate.
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And then the other thing is, you know, if, if they don't tell you what you need to know, you have to keep going at it, right?
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If it's an important thing, if it's an important interview, you have to get that information out there because that's what the listener demands.
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And when somebody goes off track or on a tangent, how do you pull them back?
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You got to interrupt them sometimes, right?
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Sometimes you have to say, listen, let's put a pin in that conversation and let's bring it back here to, to this other thing, right?
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Also, if you're doing a live interview, it's one thing, but if you're doing a taped interview, you have the power of the razor blade and the splicing tape, you know, and you can, you can sort of save them from themselves.
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One of the techniques I like to use when things get a little off on a tangent is, is to interrupt.
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I totally agree, but I do so with a paraphrase where I'll highlight something that they've said and then pull it back.
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Right. And totally.
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But again, it comes back to that being that tour guide where you know where you want to go.
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And if we start going off, we got to pull.
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And the catch of course is finding that moment, right?
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Because you don't want to be rude.
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You don't want to really interrupt them.
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Uh, but it's your job to keep the train on tracks for sure
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and the rudeness piece i think is a really important point
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when you're you don't want to be rude to the guest
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but you're being rude to the other people the audience
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if you don't do it so
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so you've got to weigh those zoom where conversations turn into
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results hi matt here we all know how valuable zoom can be for our conversations our meetings for connecting
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Zoom ahead.
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There's a lot of emotion in some of the things that you talk about, anxiety in particular, you know, when we're talking about economics, what's going on in the world.
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how do you thread that needle of acknowledging the emotion, the anxiety in the moment, but also not getting people so upset and fearful that they tune out?
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We had this conversation a lot in the early days of the financial crisis going on now 20 years ago,
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because the news, much as it is today, was really, really grim.
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And it was economically and financially scary.
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And our conversation was, what's our job?
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Is our job to make people feel better
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or is our job to help them understand what's happening and then they can process it how they want.
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And we came down on, we have to help them understand this, right?
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And we can't sugarcoat it.
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So let's address the anxiety.
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Let's address the fact that these are scary, scary times and then go from there with them having the information.
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I had done about probably 10 years ago now, uh, an interview with, uh, the CEO of Marriott, right?
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I went to New York, went to breakfast with him in a Marriott hotel, and we had a great conversation and it was really good.
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Arnie Sorensen, CEO of Marriott.
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Okay.
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Formerly.
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Anyway, early in COVID, I discovered that he had been diagnosed with stage four, uh, cancer of some variety or other.
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And it was like terminal and he knew that.
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And so we got him back on the show because he hadn't stepped down yet, but he was clearly dying.
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And we did it on video actually.
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And he looked like a state four cancer guy.
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And we had a whole conversation about his scary moment in these really scary times.
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It landed with me.
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It landed with listeners and you just have to go there.
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Right.
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And look, I've, I've been doing this for a while now.
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And I think listeners trust me to take them there.
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I think about that interview a lot, actually, that was a moment, right?
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It was a moment.
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And You just, you just have to lean into it.
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Acknowledging that there is anxiety around this and saying, we're going to get through this together, but you're better off understanding and appreciate it.
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Right.
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Knowing.
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And that, that way people are willing to go that distance.
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And I think the point you made is that there's, there's a trust that people have in you that allows that to happen.
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I want to deal with anxiety specifically about anxiety.
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You might feel you've been a fighter pilot, a diplomat, you're a live on air host.
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For many of us, those would be anxiety filled situations.
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Do you have some things that you do to help you manage your anxiety that others of us could benefit from?
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Here is my mantra.
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And it makes my producers crazy when I say this out loud, but it is truly what I believe.
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If you think about how you sound in front of a microphone, while you're sitting in front of a microphone, you're going to screw up how you sound on the microphone.
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So don't think, just talk.
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Okay?
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Now, that's not to say don't be prepared it's not to
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say don't think about what you want to get out of
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it before you go sit down in the studio it's not to say don't be your prepared best right
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but once you get there
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and this goes back to the thing we're talking about before
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about being in the conversation once you get there the only way to be there
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is not think about all those other things just be there right
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and have that conversation it sounds silly but
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but in a way that's calming right because
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if you know you've done your homework before you get into the studio right you don't need
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that piece of paper you don't need the producer in
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that ear once you're there you have to be there and
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if you're thinking about all
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that lot of crap you're doing it wrong you know a
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lot of my work in the last several years has been helping people speak in the moment
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and spontaneously right and it's exactly what you're talking about You can do a lot to prepare.
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People always sort of cock their head when I say you can prepare to be spontaneous, but it's that planning, that prep.
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That's exactly right.
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And then when you show up, you just do it.
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It's like an athlete.
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Athletes do lots of drills.
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And look, there are some people who can actually not think about it and show up and be spontaneous and be great.
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That's not most people.
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That's correct.
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That's correct.
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So it helps you to manage some of the fear is
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that you do a lot of prep and then you just focus.
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Then I know when I get in the room, I know what I'm doing.
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So if something doesn't go the way you want, a question doesn't come out right, you say something that you're not happy with, in the moment, what do you do with that?
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And after the fact, what do you do with that?
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So I try really hard not to fix things after the fact, right?
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So when we're doing a taped interview and I screw something up and I know I've screwed it up, I will actually correct it in the next moment, right?
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The next moment I have in that interview, just to go back and be honest about it sometimes my producer will be on slack
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and say listen it's 42 not 17 or whatever
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but just fix it right there you know right
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and not beat yourself up about it
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because you can then get in your head saying i can't believe i made
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that mistake i said the wrong number uh you have to still be in
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that moment mike trushefsky the famous basketball coach um taught his players this idea of next play
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so you screw up you keep going so
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so i'm a i'm a high school and college soccer referee okay
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and it's the same deal because if you don't let the mistake
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that you made by not calling that foul or missing the handball
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or whatever if you don't let
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that go you will surely miss the next one right
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and it's a 90 minute game
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and you got to be there for all 90 minutes of it that's exactly right you're a ref i find
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that really interesting given what you do for a profession i see some commonalities of
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that but absolutely you can carry with you that that issue
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and and i that in
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and of itself is a skill that's hard for people to let go it's really hard
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and there's a i like to distinguish between rumination
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and reflection i think reflection is really important that's how we learn
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and we grow but if we ruminate in
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that moment it's going to cause everything totally agree you ask
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a lot of questions yeah a lot of questions how do you stay curious about
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that i mean it can become sort of mundane
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but you you seem genuine genuinely interested i i am a genuinely curious person and
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and that's the rewarding part of being a journalist right my
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job you know people always say well the host job in
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a radio program is to be a you know a stand -in for the audience
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and ask them what they want to know and
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and sure yes to some degree but
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but my job is to be respectful of the guest
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and respectful of the audience's time
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and to try to elicit from them you know things
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that i think the audience is going to find interesting
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and the only way to do
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that is to be curious about what they do sometimes it's manufactured curiosity and sometimes it's genuine.
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But the name of the game is don't let that show be there, ask those questions and hope the audience gets something out of it.
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And even in those manufactured moments, there's something in there that is interesting.
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Oh yeah.
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There's, there's always something that makes you go, huh?
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And which by the way, if you're listening to the answer, leads you on a different path and it takes you off of that prepared list of questions, right?
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That's right.
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Is there a question that you have that you go back to if you need a question in the moment, do you have a favorite or a go -to or not
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so much i smiled
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because me me having a me going blank in a big
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interview led to one of the most revealing answers we've ever had on marketplace
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but but let me give him my go -to my go -to for anybody is in a business
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and economic situation what's your worst nightmare what keeps you up at night it gives me time to think
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and regroup you know um and they will sometimes the answers are revealing
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and sometimes it's cutting room floor stuff right sometimes it's good
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and sometimes does not i was interviewing janet yellen once between her time as fed chair
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and uh when she got the job as treasury secretary
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so it's like 2018 -19 we went to her office in brookings in washington
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when i go into those interviews i don't have a piece of paper in front of me
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because i i like to be there
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and present with the the person i'm talking to
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and she finished whatever answer she had given to the question
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and my mind just went blank i just completely brain farted
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and so looked at her and i said do you think donald trump understands economic policy
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and she looked at me and said no i don't
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and i was like oh my god oh my god right
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it came from me just not knowing what else to do
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so i just came up with something right
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so you know just say something right the biggest fear people report to me is the fear of blanking out
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and but it happens to everybody right you know i mean
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and the way through it is to to do what you did just throw out a question through it yeah Yeah, yeah, yeah.
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Really interesting.
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Before we get started, a quick reminder to make sure you're following our show in whatever app you're listening to.
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This is the best way to help our show grow and to make sure you never miss an episode.
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Over the course of my career, I've had the privilege of working with some truly amazing coaches.
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And now back to our conversation.
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I end all of my episodes with three questions that I'm going to make up just for you and the other two.
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I've been asking people for a long time.
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Are you up for that?
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Yeah in terms of what you do how do you see ai impacting communication
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and journalism in general well so that's two different things right the issue of communication
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and fakes and all of those things is deeply troubling not just on a journalistic level
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but on a societal level right on a trust
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and on a mutual adherence to norms basis right uh i
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think that's that's really really challenging journalism can be really really
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helped by artificial intelligence analysis trendspotting you know all of those things
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but ai writing articles and doing podcasts and all of
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which is capable of doing is not the way to a successful future for the united states
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and for the rest of the planet you know set aside the fact
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that it would put me
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and probably you out of a job absolutely yeah you know right
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so use it as a tool it is a tool right
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but be smart and let's have a human in that loop
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and let's not just abrogate all responsibility
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and say here you go right ai is going to take care of this
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because it's not at the end of the day communication is operationalized critical thinking
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and if we like right if we let ai do
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that we're missing out on right question number two who's a communicator
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that you admire and why the two that i've come up with are not
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spoken word people okay um uh jim fallows uh formerly at the atlantic now on his own sub stack
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but for many years, an observational journalist of international affairs, national security, and a writer, I would read almost anything he's read, truly.
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Same thing goes for John Dickerson, late of CBS News and Slate.
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I just find those two guys really interesting to read.
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I'm really critical of spoken word people or television people because I'm so innately connected to that.
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Part of that's probably professional jealousy.
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Part of it's probably envy somehow, but those are two who come to the top of my head.
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Is there something that they do in their writing that's particularly, is it their thoroughness?
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They are at the same time, very concrete and very big idea.
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And they have the ability to land that plane, if you will.
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And that's an art to be able to transcend both those and make it concrete.
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Final question.
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What are the first three ingredients that go into a successful communication recipe?
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Know what you're talking about.
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but not to such a degree as you are paralyzed by the information, right?
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It's like you use the, the recipe thing.
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I will continue that analogy, right?
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You know, sometimes you need to pinch of salt.
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Sometimes you need to have a tablespoon of salt, whatever, throw some salt in there.
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Right.
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So know what you're talking about.
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Number two, some concept of brevity.
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Um, if you are long -winded, you will lose people's attention.
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Uh, if you are too short winded, you, you short change your listener and, and the subject at hand.
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So find that happy medium between going on too long and just saying, all right, let's go.
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And then finally, I'm going to go back to my old standby.
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Um, don't think too much, know what you're talking about, right?
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Item number one on this, know what you're talking about.
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And then once you know that, once you've internalized it, then just just be in the moment
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and just do it right be present be yourself express yourself
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and then the audience will react to you know your stuff be concise yeah
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and be present yeah excellent ingredients and in helpful for not just what you do
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but for what all of us do okay this has been
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fantastic a fanboy moment for me i i really enjoy your show
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and i enjoy how you communicate
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and try to emulate some of the things you do thank you for your time
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and keep up the great work absolutely a pleasure man thank
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you thank you for listening to another episode of think fast
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talk smart the podcast to learn more about similar communication listen to peter sagal episode 220.
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this episode was produced by katherine reed Ryan Campos, and me, Matt Abrahams.
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Our music is from Floyd Wonder, with special thanks to the team at Spotify Los Angeles and Podium Podcast Company.
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Please find us on YouTube and wherever you get your podcasts.
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Be sure to subscribe and rate us.
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Also follow us on LinkedIn, TikTok, and Instagram.
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And check out FasterSmarter .io for deep dive videos, English language learning content, and our newsletter.
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Please consider joining our Think Fast, Talk Smart learning community at faster smarter dot io slash learning
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you'll find video lessons learning quests discussion boards my ai coach
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and book club opportunities again that's faster smarter dot io slash
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learning to become part of the think fast talk smart learning community
تنزيل التطبيق
كل ما تحتاجه للتحدث بطلاقة
تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة
تدريب IPAأتقن كل صوت
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FOR YOU
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
هذا الدرس في المحادثة بمستوى B2 مبني على الفيديو “Don't Lose the Room: How to Make Ideas Stick”. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 435 جملة و5244 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 25:38. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة، نحو 205 كلمة في الدقيقة، لذا ستسمع كثيرًا من وصل الكلمات واختزال الأصوات. 86% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
أصعب 15 كلمة في الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| podcast اسم | /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ | بُودْكَاسْت m پُودْكَاسْت, بَثّ صَوْتِيّ |
| listener اسم | /ˈlɪs(ə)nɚ/ | مُسْتَمِع, مُسْتَمِعَة |
| interrupt فعل | /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/ | قَاطَعَ |
| analogy اسم | /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/ | قِيَاس |
| strawberry اسم | /ˈstɹɔˌbɛɹi/ | فَرَاوْلَة, فِرِيز |
| microphone اسم | /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfəʊn/ | مِيكْرُوفُون, مَيْكْرُوفُون |
| slice اسم | /slaɪs/ | شريحة |
| preposition اسم | /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/ | جَارّ, حَرْف جَرّ |
| tangent اسم | /ˈtæn.d͡ʒənt/ | مُمَاسّ |
| respectful صفة | /ɹɪˈspɛkt.fl̩/ | مُحْتَرَم |
| ingredient اسم | /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ | مُقَوِّم |
| humour اسم | /ˈhjuːmɚ/ | فُكَاهَة, دُعَابَة |
| rhythm اسم | /ˈɹɪð.əm/ | إِيقَاع |
| athlete اسم | /ˈæθ.liːt/ | رِيَاضِيّ, رِيَاضِيَّة |
| journalism اسم | /ˈd͡ʒɝnl̩ˌɪzəm/ | صِحَافَة, صَحَافَة |
الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| come up with فعل | جَاءَ بِـ, أَتَى بِـ | |
| come out فعل | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | خَرَجَ, غَادَرَ |
| come up فعل | طَلَعَ | |
| sit down فعل | جَلَسَ, قَعَدَ |
جمل تستحق التكرار
جمل قصيرة وكاملة من الفيديو يمكنك استخدامها في الحديث اليومي:
- How do you think about making that content accessible?
- Are you conscious of that?
- How do you keep an interview on track?
- How do you bring it back?
- Are you up for that?
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المضارع التام المستمر have/has been + -ing — حدث بدأ سابقًا وما زال مستمرًا | I've been doing · has been helping · I've been asking |
| المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآن | have not taken · i've blipped · have said |
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | be said · had been diagnosed · is operationalized |
| جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيء | woman who this · Marketplace, which is · people who can |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 122 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل you're, don't, I'm. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “th”: rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/, athlete /ˈæθ.liːt/, methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, reflection /ɹɪˈflɛkʃən/, conscious /ˈkɑn.ʃəs/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/, accessible /əkˈsɛs.ɪ.bəl/, communicator /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪtə/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/
أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:
- /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: podcast /ˈpɑdˌkæst/, interrupt /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, spontaneous /spɑnˈteɪ.ni.əs/, respectful /ɹɪˈspɛkt.fl̩/
- /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, interviewer /ˈɪntɚvjuɚ/, weave /wiːv/, envy /ˈɛnvi/
- تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: podcast /ˈpɑdˌkæst/, interrupt /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/, strawberry /ˈstɹɔˌbɛɹi/, slice /slaɪs/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل podcast, listener, interrupt.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.