ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: The Best Of Tom Cruise | David Letterman
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1
Thank you for finally inviting me back.
2
Oh, stop it.
3
I really appreciate it.
4
I'm waiting 13 years.
5
The last thing you said to me is, I'll see you in 13 years, and you are a man of your world.
6
Now, is there a deal here?
7
13 years?
8
13 silly years?
9
What happened?
10
I don't know.
11
What happened?
12
Every time I came into town, they'd say, no, Dave is on vacation.
13
Right.
14
He's on vacation.
15
I'd be in my hotel room, I'd click on him, there's Dave on television.
16
Right, yeah.
17
I was sorry, my feelings were...
18
Uh -huh, and then you come to town, Yeah, no, Dave's had heart surgery.
19
No, Dave's had heart surgery.
20
Just one phony excuse after another.
21
One thing after the other.
22
We have the same accountant, Fred.
23
Oh, yikes.
24
That's right, Fred Nigro.
25
Is he handling your money?
26
Yeah, yeah, Fred.
27
Are you satisfied with how Fred's handling your money?
28
Very satisfied.
29
You notice that he, Woody bought that house in Bermuda and a place in Switzerland. Who?
30
You've been on Oprah, haven't you?
31
I would like to be on Oprah just once before i'm
32
done in show business i've been in show business 20 years
33
i think you will be on oprah before really have you
34
heard something how was your have you called oprah have you
35
asked her no i don't i really i don't want to you know that's her i don't want to cross
36
that line i want to i want to be i want to be a gentleman about this
37
because i'm begging as it is
38
but i still have my pride explain to me why we
39
have this photo here you were talking about it during the break.
40
I just saw it there behind.
41
I haven't seen that shot.
42
Yeah, but why?
43
You're in there, right?
44
Yeah.
45
It's you, it's Penelope Cruz, and it's Siegfried and Roy.
46
Am I right?
47
Go ahead.
48
And is this, you obviously went to see them in Las Vegas?
49
We decided we went in for about 15 hours and went into Vegas, a bunch of friends.
50
What is their show like when you see it?
51
You know, I produce Mission Impossible movies, do all that stuff.
52
I don't know how they make those animals disappear.
53
Really?
54
You sit there, it's just, it's pure Vegas and entertainment and we had a blast, and Penelope loves cats, and it was really a lot of fun.
55
But now, maybe you can answer this one.
56
I'm telling you, you sit there, there's an elephant there, then it's gone.
57
You think, you know, how?
58
Is it the original Siegfried and Roy, or did they replace one or the other of them? Is it...
59
You know, this is my first time seeing the show.
60
I haven't followed their careers.
61
And because of your friendship with Penelope Cruz, right?
62
Yeah.
63
You're speaking Spanish, a little bit of Spanish.
64
A little bit of Spanish.
65
Been working on that.
66
And is she giving you lessons?
67
You have a tutor?
68
No, she's been giving me...
69
I've been studying some tapes and, you know... Are you...
70
Buenos dias.
71
Oh.
72
Donde esta Ponelepe?
73
You know, uh...
74
Cruz, and it's not Cruz.
75
They pronounce it Cruz, Castilian.
76
He speaks Spanish?
77
Yeah.
78
This is...
79
Tony Mendez is Cuban and he speaks...
80
Can you talk to him?
81
You speak Castilian Spanish?
82
Because I only understand Castilian.
83
No, yo hablo español cubano.
84
Cubano, cubano, ah.
85
Usted entiende bien?
86
Okay.
87
Tony, don't screw this up now.
88
Just talk to the guy.
89
Si, si, si.
90
Usted entiende bien el español?
91
Entiende?
92
Now, hey, wait a minute.
93
Tony, wait a minute.
94
Wait a minute.
95
What?
96
What?
97
What?
98
Good Lord.
99
What did you say to him?
100
I don't know.
101
I only understand Castilian.
102
That was a moment of ugliness, wasn't it?
103
You have, uh, you've done something to your teeth.
104
Yeah, I've had a little, some braces, you know?
105
Anyone have braces before, you know? So I...
106
Yeah, but what was the problem?
107
You got some braces out there?
108
I couldn't close my mouth properly for years.
109
So they finally said, you know, please shut your mouth.
110
And so I, uh...
111
What was the nature of it?
112
It was a bite problem?
113
A bite problem.
114
Well, you know, the last time I saw you, not that I was paying much attention, but I would have guessed you had nearly perfect teeth.
115
Is that right?
116
Yeah.
117
Well, you know, I just couldn't close my mouth, so...
118
And so you went to a guy and what did the guy do?
119
I was taking, yeah, I was doing kind of research on different things for our kids and everything.
120
And he said, you know, he ended up, I left the dentist's office with braces, and of course they're fine.
121
And you're absolutely sure you need them.
122
Yeah, you know. And he convinced me.
123
I thought, well, okay, these are good salesmen.
124
And when do they come off?
125
October, before I start shooting games.
126
How long have you had them on?
127
Since, I think since I last saw you.
128
You know, January, December.
129
Now, have you ever had braces?
130
Oh, come on, you gotta be kidding.
131
Yeah, I've had braces.
132
Give me that guy's number.
133
But now, but now I'm wondering, and they don't hurt or nothing?
134
No, no, it's no problem.
135
And when you're done the...
136
So when everyone complains about braces and everything, you know, I.. doesn't hurt
137
so maybe I should have it done yeah you know it's quick it's quick
138
that you know I'm gonna have it on till October you
139
should get it you should look into it all right I will look
140
and you and you believe
141
when you're finished everything will be fine that's what I believe
142
yes now as a as a guy who's like a big star
143
and makes movies and stuff
144
and has to look fantastic have you ever had like your teeth knocked out
145
or something oh yeah yeah actually you know the only time
146
I got injured I dislocated my finger on mission two but my real How did you do that?
147
Well, I was, do you want to hear about the teeth of the...
148
Well, I'm intrigued about it.
149
You dislocated a finger.
150
What was...
151
Well, I missed, I was doing a stunt and I had to jump down about 10 feet or something, grab this bar and I missed the bar and my finger snapped back.
152
I see.
153
Yeah.
154
Yeah.
155
It wasn't pretty.
156
But actually, I was playing ogre with my son and his friend and, you know, ogre, where you chase a guy, you know, and say, I'm going to eat you, you know, and then you grab one of them
157
and then they turn into ogre
158
and they start chasing you around well he was turned around to chase me
159
and i went up this slide there was a steel bar across there
160
and i was running from him like this
161
and i turned knocked my teeth out ouch yeah that's happened
162
to me a few times actually knocked him out how many
163
came out uh half of uh the front this front one came all the way out
164
and half of the other one and chipped these this lower tooth
165
but i chipped this a couple of times before
166
when i mean i've knocked this out about five times is this a deal where there's like blood and yeah There's blood, you know, pick your tooth up.
167
You know, you don't want to scare the kids or anything.
168
So you're saying, it's okay, you know, don't worry, I'm fine.
169
Come on.
170
Come on.
171
So you go to the guy and what does he do?
172
He plugs him back in?
173
No, he had to, you know, kind of, I don't know, just mix something up and stick it in there because I had to shoot the next day.
174
I didn't mention it to anyone because they would freak out
175
if I got my teeth knocked out and we had to shoot.
176
Well, that's amazing.
177
I never even considered.
178
That's what they could do with teeth now, I'm telling you.
179
You should look into it.
180
Maybe I'll make a call.
181
Tell me a little bit about your airplane flying activities.
182
What kind of things do you do?
183
Do you ever just fly for fun, or are you just constantly trying to increase hours?
184
What are you doing?
185
All that.
186
I mean, all that.
187
I do mostly training every time I fly.
188
I actually got my instrument rating over in Italy, and I did my...
189
It's always interesting when you get your instrument rating, and my instructor was standing on the side and I was at Luca and 00, do you all know what 00?
190
No. It means 00, it's just no visibility.
191
Oh, you can't see anything.
192
It was a low -level fog, so I took off.
193
My first solo instrument flight was in 00 conditions.
194
What kind of airplane?
195
It was a Marchetti.
196
Terrific, it's a...
197
Military trainer.
198
Really?
199
A little military trainer.
200
And so you go up and it's just soup.
201
You can't see a thing.
202
Yeah, it's beautiful.
203
Well, actually, yeah, that was soup.
204
That was low -level fog.
205
You gotta really stay on your instruments.
206
Then you take off out and you're fine.
207
But he was terrified thinking that I was taking off my first instrument zero.
208
Well, yeah, I'm terrified just hearing about it now.
209
It's very safe though.
210
And what's like the biggest plane you could fly?
211
I could fly King Airs.
212
I've landed a G4 before.
213
Is that right?
214
Yeah, in Australia I landed a G4.
215
Wow, that's pretty good.
216
The Gulf Stream came in.
217
I enjoy mostly aerobatic flight.
218
That's what I enjoy the most.
219
That's the stuff where the thing actually goes up and it stalls and tumbles and spins.
220
Yeah, you can go and tumble and spin and do all this.
221
And how do you keep from being disoriented when you're doing that?
222
Well, you just, you don't, you know?
223
You gotta get used to it.
224
You get used to it.
225
You get used to it.
226
The first couple of times, you know, I went up, I really had to build up my G -tolerance because you fly for about 45 minutes, you're exhausted and you wanna throw up.
227
So you gotta stop.
228
Have you ever blacked out in the cockpit when riding in one of those with somebody?
229
No. Could you imagine?
230
It just even meant that my insurance would go through the roof.
231
But I don't mean as the pilot.
232
No, I've actually, when I was doing Top Gun, I blacked out.
233
I mean, you go, because you're pulling, you know, we pulled about eight and a half cheese.
234
And I was actually, at that time, I was leaning over into a bag throwing up.
235
It was my first flight when I did Top Gun, and it was very uncomfortable.
236
Yeah.
237
But that's what those guys like to do.
238
They like to get you in that plane and take you up
239
and see how long it is before you're going for the bag and then they like to see him nodding off.
240
This pilot, his name was Bozo and I actually, I bent down.
241
Aha!
242
His name was Bozo.
243
So I bent down, so I had to do three flights in one day.
244
So I bent down, I had the plastic bag at the end and it came up, we were doing pretty heavy air combat maneuvers, so I bent over to throw up in his bag quickly, as quickly as I could to get it over with, because we were filming.
245
And at that time when I bent over, he did, you know, pitched up, high G.
246
So my head, my helmet was touching the floor
247
as I got the bag in here and I'm trying to press on the thing to say, Bozo, Bozo!
248
You know?
249
He's always killed me back there.
250
He said, you know, well, they don't call me Bozo for nothing.
251
I said.
252
Has anything like that ever happened to you?
253
Have you ever had been woozy at altitude?
254
No, but I, you know, I fly.
255
I'm a pilot and I was, One time we were flying to Colorado and I was flying this airplane
256
that we had to go on oxygen
257
and the winds were better at a higher altitude
258
so we climbed up and I realized that we couldn't stay at
259
that altitude if on oxygen I had to descend because I didn't have enough oxygen.
260
So I had a passenger in the back so we figured out, you know, me and the co -pilot that
261
if we turned the oxygen off in the back guy that we could make it at this altitude.
262
Wow.
263
So we, you know, it wasn't dangerous or anything, you know.
264
So what happened when you turned his oxygen off?
265
He felt, he was very quiet.
266
He felt, he fell asleep.
267
He fell asleep.
268
He fell asleep.
269
He slept the whole way.
270
Yeah, yeah, yeah.
271
Well, but, you know, You know, he's the kind of guy you wanted to have him sleep the whole way.
272
You know, I was like, just.
273
But honestly, looking at it from another direction, isn't that a, isn't that attempted manslaughter?
274
You just turn a guy's oxygen off?
275
You're lucky you're not doing time for the love of God.
276
He woke up.
277
He did wake up, yeah.
278
You know, when we were landing on the set, he went.
279
He said, my hands are...
280
He said, my...
281
He said, my...
282
Jeez, my hands are...
283
My hands are...
284
Your all his hands are tingling.
285
He said, my hands are tingling.
286
I said, no, it must have been the way I was laying.
287
I said, yes, it must have been the way I was laying.
288
Oh my God.
289
Wasn't getting enough oxygen to his brain.
290
Oh my God.
291
I know.
292
Well, it's funny now.
293
Oh, no. It's funny now.
294
Yow.
295
No, it wasn't such a high altitude that it would have, you know, caused death or anything.
296
That's just the occasional numbness of extremities.
297
Extremities.
298
Oh, do you have a Kleenex in my eyes?
299
Yeah, I will get you.
300
All right, cheers.
301
Just playing there.
302
Good for you, but I, you know, if I didn't know, I wouldn't know.
303
This is you.
304
How old are you here?
305
I was 16.
306
16 years old.
307
Yeah, knocked my tooth out.
308
Mm -hmm.
309
Actually chipped my tooth in this wrestling match.
310
Wow.
311
Yeah.
312
And you were, well, you've won this match.
313
Yeah, I won that.
314
Were you a good wrestler?
315
I was okay.
316
Yeah.
317
I was okay.
318
Wrestling is, I mean, did you like wrestling?
319
I don't know if it's something you really like.
320
Yeah.
321
It's challenging, it's brutal.
322
It really is challenging.
323
It's just awful.
324
Challenging sport.
325
Yeah, and what little of it I did in high school, so there's always a guy sitting on your head.
326
Yeah.
327
Yeah.
328
Okay.
329
All right, that's it.
330
All right, get him off.
331
Exactly.
332
Not pleasant at all.
333
Now, here's a great picture.
334
I mean, this is just fantastic.
335
Look at that.
336
This is you, Paul Newman, and this is, uh...
337
Days of Thunder era, kind of?
338
Is that when that was taken?
339
Yes.
340
A little before that.
341
Yeah, he, uh, I raced for his team, and he taught me how to race cars, I think so that he could beat me.
342
You know, he did things like that.
343
Encourage you so that he could beat you.
344
He was a, uh, a great ambassador for many things.
345
Acting, of course, and -and racing.
346
Never a greater fan and a supporter of the sport of racing, and quite a good race driver himself.
347
Uh, and -and, uh, what a tremendous...
348
Yeah, what...
349
Yeah, tremendous role model, uh, and very quiet, and just the way people are supposed to be.
350
I know.
351
Yeah.
352
Uh, did you...
353
You guys must have gotten along great, I would think.
354
Yeah, I loved him.
355
Okay, this one is...
356
Santa.
357
There you go.
358
Me, last Christmas.
359
It's...
360
Kind of looks like you, Dave.
361
I was just looking at that one.
362
Just in the eyes right there, the glasses.
363
I know. And, uh...
364
Now, uh...
365
You can see Siri is not quite sure about this.
366
You know, when we did it, she...
367
I showed up and...
368
Kate actually made the outfit for me.
369
And I crawled through ice and snow, almost killed myself getting through the door.
370
You could see Kate and Sirius looking at me like, no, dada, no, you know?
371
How often does Katie want you to put on the Santa suit?
372
Wow.
373
I see, Tom, you have here.
374
Looks like something I ought to be doing.
375
This is a top 10 list.
376
Is that yours?
377
Yeah, no, I've always wanted to do this.
378
They said I could do this.
379
Yeah, I hope you do.
380
What is this?
381
You know, there's many things...
382
You know...
383
I have done a lot of things in my life, and definitely this -this was, uh, this is on the bucket list, so...
384
Okay.
385
W -Why?
386
What's wrong?
387
What's going on?
388
Are you all right?
389
Oh, no, no. No. You never know.
390
Yeah, that's true.
391
You never do know.
392
Uh, what's the category?
393
Now, do you know the format?
394
You just announced...
395
Oh, first, you gotta open the thing.
396
Excuse me.
397
I -I know what I'm doing.
398
Okay.
399
All right.
400
Okay, tonight's...
401
I'll go out and get a sandwich.
402
Yeah, fine.
403
Here we go.
404
Okay.
405
Category.
406
Category.
407
Let me start.
408
No, from the home office in Wahoo, Nebraska.
409
Tonight's top ten.
410
Okay.
411
This is...
412
The topic is...
413
the craziest things people say about Tom Cruise on the Internet.
414
Oh.
415
That's a good...
416
That's a good category.
417
That's a...
418
Okay.
419
That's perfect.
420
Because they have this thing called the Internet.
421
Yeah.
422
And people have what they call blogs.
423
and they can say anything they want.
424
You might have heard about this.
425
Craziest things they say about...
426
Okay, number ten.
427
I sleep upside down, suspended, and a special bat -like harness.
428
I've heard that.
429
Number nine.
430
During the filming of Days of Thunder, on a dare, I ate a tire.
431
Number eight.
432
I still wear those underpants from Risky Business.
433
Yeah!
434
Yeah!
435
Number seven.
436
My real...
437
Number seven and my real name is Tom Blagojevich.
438
Yeah, that's right.
439
Number six, I once...
440
What's this?
441
Heimlich.
442
Yes, I once Heimlich to koala.
443
Number five, once a month I take the Universal tour naked.
444
Number four, I believe all emotional and psychological disorders can be cured with Vicks Vaporub.
445
There you go.
446
Okay, number three.
447
I'm a power -mad egomaniac who's completely insulated from reality.
448
Oh wait, that's, that's Letterman.
449
Number two.
450
After jumping on her couch, Oprah hammer -locked me till I cough blood.
451
Really?
452
Hammer lock you.
453
That's awful.
454
And the number one craziest thing people say about me on the Internet is, number one, I keep a cell phone in my pants so I can tell friends,
455
call my ass.
456
If you can count backward, you can get a show.
457
That last one...
458
Yeah, call my ass.
459
That last one was true.
460
Yeah, well, that one's true.
461
You want to run down some of these, do you mind?
462
Whatever you want.
463
Days of Thunder.
464
Speaking of stuff that must have been fun...
465
Oh, by the way, we got another picture here.
466
Oh, my golly, look at there.
467
There's your.. driving the Red Bull Formula One car.
468
That was amazing.
469
Uh, yes.
470
That was very fun. That was great.
471
How did you get to do that?
472
I don't know.
473
I don't know how.
474
They called me up and asked, invited me to come drive it and fly in their helicopter.
475
I've always wanted to fly in the helicopter.
476
It was amazing.
477
I had David Cothard trained me.
478
He was an amazing driver.
479
Formula One driver from Scotland.
480
Formula One driver from Scotland, awesome.
481
And they just let me do some laps in that and took me through some training, and it was amazing.
482
The most amazing piece of machinery I've ever driven.
483
You get more interesting calls than I get. Do you?
484
Yeah.
485
Do you have a team?
486
I was always wondering, why don't they let you...
487
Why don't they let you drive the car that you have?
488
I get that kind of calls, hey, when are you gonna return the lawnmower?
489
That's what I get.
490
Uh, anyway, Days of Thunder, um, that was about NASCAR racing.
491
That must have been fun, right?
492
That was amazing.
493
I mean, I remember there's a shot when you just show up in the movie on your motorcycle, riding through the pits, and I thought.. right there
494
that would be fun right there that was cool tell me
495
and i think you talked about this before
496
but your relationship with paul newman he kind of helped you
497
into competitive car driving yes i raced for his team
498
and uh he was amazing i always wanted to beat him on the racetrack
499
and beat him in pool he was yeah was he a better driver or a better pool player
500
you know he was a hustler newman he always played everything
501
down everything was like oh i want to let's play some pool you know i haven't played in a
502
while my elbow's hurting you know you get the beers out
503
and the stories start going
504
and the next thing you know i'm getting cream yeah it
505
was the same on a racetrack i thought i remember i
506
was out we are on a track racing together i thought i finally i passed him on the inside
507
and went down and i thought this is it he's gonna have to concede finally
508
and he just ripped past me on the runway and gave me the finger as he across the finish line.
509
That's Newman.
510
Interview with the vampire.
511
Brad, you were in that with Brad Pitt.
512
How'd that go?
513
Yeah, well.
514
Are you buddies with Brad Pitt?
515
Yeah, he's a talented, terrific guy.
516
Don't you think he must be miserable at home?
517
Have you had the talk with your son about girls?
518
Of course, he's 17, for God's sakes.
519
This is, he, he, I have a, He's like, please don't talk about me.
520
Oh, he doesn't like you talking about him at all.
521
He's like, please, like, a little bit, but certain things, then his friends go, what was that talk like?
522
Okay.
523
Yeah, okay.
524
What were the details like?
525
Okay, all right.
526
I mean, what's Harry like?
527
Do his friends, like, say, hey, your dad was talking about you?
528
It's interesting, because it's getting to the age now where his friends, his buddies, are under the impression that Harry's father, me, is Ed Sullivan. Is he?
529
yeah yeah all the kids are like look dad we love you
530
but like don't say that stuff right okay you know certain things like maybe
531
that conversation okay here's what we'll do let's just say you have a buddy yeah let's do
532
that and your buddy has a teenage son yeah yeah absolutely
533
and a long time now been interested in girls how do you how do you break
534
that what do you tell your friend to tell What would you say hypothetically?
535
Well, I think I've...
536
Did you have that conversation already?
537
See, I think I'm late.
538
I think I already should have had it.
539
But the people at school say, no, fourth grade, fourth grade.
540
But I think I'm behind the curve.
541
I think it should have been this year for sure or last year even.
542
Is he talking to you about it or is he...
543
Well, you know, it's interesting.
544
We had a conversation about dirty words.
545
Yeah.
546
And I said, Harry, do you know dirty words?
547
And he says, well, I know the S word.
548
And he says, I know the B word, and I know the F word.
549
And so you hang on, and you're like, okay, what is the S word?
550
He said, stupid.
551
Yeah.
552
That's good.
553
I said, and what about the B word?
554
And he said, bad.
555
And I said, and the F word?
556
And he said...
557
Get out, everybody!
558
Get out, everybody!
559
Someone's got the plug and they're pulling it.
ดาวน์โหลดแอป
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ความรู้สึกแรก
ในวิดีโอนี้ เราจะได้เห็นบทสนทนาที่เต็มไปด้วยความสนุกสนานและน่าสนใจระหว่างดาวดังอย่างทอม ครูซและเดวิด เล็ตเตอร์แมน สิ่งที่ทำให้คลิปนี้เป็นเนื้อหาที่ดีสำหรับการฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษคือความเป็นธรรมชาติของการสนทนาที่เกิดขึ้น ทั้งการใช้ภาษาที่เรียบง่ายและการแสดงอารมณ์ที่ชัดเจน ฟังแล้วรู้สึกเหมือนนั่งอยู่ในห้องเดียวกัน ทำให้ผู้เรียนสามารถเรียนรู้การใช้ภาษาในบริบทที่หลากหลายได้
วิเคราะห์การพูด
ในบทสนทนา มีหลายประโยคที่สามารถเรียนรู้ได้ เช่น:
- “I’ve been waiting 13 years” - ประโยคนี้แสดงถึงความรู้สึกของการรอคอยที่ยาวนาน เสียงที่พูดมีอารมณ์ขันและความจริงใจ
- “It was pure Vegas and entertainment” - การใช้คำว่า "pure" ทำให้รู้สึกถึงความแท้จริงและน่าตื่นเต้น
- “I started my feelings are...” - นี่เป็นตัวอย่างของการพูดที่เกิดขึ้นแบบไม่เป็นทางการ ผู้พูดมักจะใช้วลีที่เรียบง่ายเพื่อสื่อสารความรู้สึก
เมื่อฟังแล้ว ลองสังเกตน้ำเสียงและการใช้คำที่ทำให้ประโยคเหล่านี้ฟังดูเป็นธรรมชาติและสนุกสนาน
กิจวัตรการฝึกพูด
เพื่อให้การเรียนรู้มีประสิทธิภาพ ลองทำซ้ำและบันทึกเสียงของคุณเอง โดยใช้เทคนิค shadowspeak หรือที่เรียกว่า shadow speech การทำแบบนี้จะช่วยให้คุณพัฒนาการออกเสียงและเข้าใจการใช้น้ำเสียงในภาษาอังกฤษได้ดีขึ้น
ขั้นตอนการฝึกคือ:
- ฟังประโยคจากวิดีโอ 1 ประโยค
- หยุดวิดีโอแล้วลองพูดตาม
- บันทึกเสียงของตัวเอง
- เปรียบเทียบเสียงและการพูดของคุณกับต้นฉบับ
เมื่อคุณทำซ้ำแบบนี้บ่อยๆ จะช่วยให้คุณเพิ่มความมั่นใจในการพูดและฝึกการออกเสียงในแบบที่ดูเป็นธรรมชาติมากยิ่งขึ้น
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — การกระทำที่เริ่มก่อนหน้านี้และยังดำเนินอยู่ | she's been giving · I've been studying |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | You've been · i've been · haven't seen |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | was turned · being disoriented · was taken |
| Past continuous was/were + -ing — การกระทำที่กำลังดำเนินอยู่ ณ ช่วงหนึ่งในอดีต | were talking · was paying · was taking |
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ