ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: What Would Happen If Earth Started to Spin Backwards
กำลังสร้างบทเรียน...
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Let’s play some “what if”, shall we?
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Our planet rotates around its axis from west to east at a speed of over a thousand miles per hour at the equator!
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And this pattern has lasted for billions of years since the Earth was formed.
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But “what if” one day, our planet suddenly started to rotate backward, from east to west?
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So hey, let’s put a “different spin” on it, shall we?
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Ha ha… It would be one thing if the Earth's continents and oceans were situated symmetrically against the equator when the change of the direction happened.
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In this case, the only change people would notice would be the climate, which would turn into a mirror image of the current one.
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In other words, there’d be no dramatic changes.
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But since life on our planet is rarely about symmetry, the effects of the Earth rotating backward would be way more complicated.
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But keep in mind that everything will depend on how our planet would change the direction of its rotation.
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For example, let's imagine that it happened suddenly!
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Like, one day, the planet was calmly rotating from west to east, and then, in the blink of an eye, it's already moving backward, from east to west.
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Remember, in the very beginning, I told you about the speed of the Earth's rotation?
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So, in the case of an abrupt switch of the direction, an instant change in speed would make about 2,000 miles per hour!
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Well hold onto something!
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That means that everything not fixed to the ground would be hurled eastward.
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Buildings and other man-made structures would collapse, sending tons of debris into the air and creating chaos.
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The sudden change in direction would move all the water on the planet, which, in turn, would create vast tsunamis.
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They’d move across the planet, destroying everything in their path and literally changing the whole structure of the Earth.
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Oh, and don't forget about hurricane-force winds, which would essentially wipe out everything still standing after the massive waves.
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In short, the Earth would turn into a gloomy, muddy mess.
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But let's not dwell on this highly unlikely scenario and, instead, picture how different our planet would be if it rotated from east to west right from the beginning.
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in this case, you would see the Moon and the Sun rise in the west and set in the east.
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But that would be the smallest of all the differences.
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The thing is that the different spinning direction of the planet would create unexpected weather conditions on all the continents, and the Earth itself would be a totally different place!
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Some regions of the world would be colder than they are now.
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For example, western Europe would be plagued by severe, freezing winters every year.
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And, vice versa, Russia would warm up and lose the title of one of the coldest countries in the world.
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Some areas of the world would become much greener than they are as we know them.
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Other regions, on the contrary, would turn into deserts.
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For example, North America would be nothing more than a dry dust bowl.
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In South America, the Amazon rainforests would get replaced by arid sand dunes.
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But the area from the Middle East to Central Africa, on the other hand, would be covered with lush, dense forests.
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And the rest of the deserts would be either covered with grass or scattered trees.
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Do you think such dramatic changes have already happened sometime during the history of our planet? Write about your opinion in the comment section below!
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Anyway, the east-to-west rotation would also influence ocean currents.
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Few people know that nowadays, the climate on our planet is greatly influenced by AMOC - it's an ocean current that transports heat all over the world.
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On the forward-spinning Earth, this current is in the Atlantic Ocean.
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But should the planet start to rotate backward, AMOC would move to the Pacific.
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It’d be a bit stronger than the original current, and it’d bring more heat to eastern Russia.
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In general, there would be much more greenery on our planet, and, therefore, more oxygen for everyone to breathe.
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On the other hand, that might not turn out to be such a great thing.
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Now, the ocean is swarming with phytoplankton bacteria.
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But on that different Earth, instead of plankton, cyanobacteria would dominate.
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These billion-year-old bacteria were some of the first inhabitants of our planet.
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But the problem with them is that they pump out huge amounts of oxygen.
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Now if they replaced all other kinds of bacteria, they would completely transform the Earth's atmosphere.
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Thus, it would contain so much oxygen that people would simply be unable to breathe and, therefore, it would be hard for them to exist on the planet!
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That's why the chances are high that on a backward-spinning Earth, people would be replaced with a completely different species.
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But even if it did happen, we wouldn't know about that, would we?
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In any case, it's almost impossible to imagine the conditions that could make our planet begin spinning backward!
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So, I guess this is just one of those hypothetical questions like, "What if the Earth's core cooled down?" But wait, indeed, what would happen then?
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We’d have quite a cool core of course… Now s omewhere incredibly deep beneath the surface of our planet lies the Earth's core - a ball of scorching-hot iron which is surrounded by boiling liquid metal.
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The temperature of the Earth's core is more than twice as high as the temperature on the surface of the Sun!
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And so far, it seems to work well for all of us.
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But could the planet function if its core turned into a frozen rock?
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One of the things that makes life on the Earth possible is the geomagnetic field.
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It's like a powerful superhero that protects us from all the harmful stuff attacking our planet from space, including highly charged particles from the sun and cosmic radiation.
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What's more, thanks to this geomagnetic shield, solar winds can't strip away the Earth's atmosphere.
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You may ask, "What does the geomagnetic field have to do with the red-hot core of the planet?" The thing is that this very field is created by the Earth's core!
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You don't notice it, but when the planet spins, the speed of its solid inner core, and the speed of its liquid outer core are different.
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As a result, the speed difference creates electric currents, which, in turn, generate the geomagnetic field.
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Now, let's imagine that both parts of the Earth's core cooled down for some inexplicable reason.
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In this case, the worst would happen - our planet would simply lose its magnetic field!
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Uh-oh, but if there’s no magnetic field, there's also no atmosphere!
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That's why some time later, the Earth would start to resemble Mars a little bit too much for my liking.
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First, you wouldn't be able to breathe without an oxygen mask and a pressure suit.
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Rocks, gas, water, and everything else wouldn’t be heated by the boiling core anymore.
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The Earth would grow colder and colder.
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There would be no earthquakes; volcanoes would stop spewing lava, and the continents wouldn't be drifting apart bit by bit as they do now.
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Unfortunately, people wouldn't be around to feel happy about the geological stability.
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The eternal cold and lack of oxygen would either finish us, or prevent us from living normal lives.
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And then, there would be the massive problem of protecting the planet from space radiation, remember?
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It's not very clear what exactly would happen to the planet if it lost the electromagnetic field, but it wouldn’t be anything good.
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The Earth would probably see a radioactive wave onslaught, which would overheat it to a degree (to a degree) at which it would become uninhabitable.
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Or it would suffer from solar wind attacks, which would sweep away the oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers.
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But whichever guess is correct, the Earth would turn into a lifeless, cold rock in any case.
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Whew! Kinda shakes you right down to the core, huh?
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Well, the only thing I can say at this point is, Let’s take care of this earth, the only home we have in the universe, and “let’s keep spinning, let’s keep spinning”….
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Hey, if you learned something new today, then give the video a like and share it with a friend!
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And here are some other videos I think you'll enjoy.
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Just click to the left or right, and stay on the Bright Side of life!
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “What Would Happen If Earth Started to Spin Backwards” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: planet, earth, core, east, field วิดีโอนี้มี 82 ประโยค และ 1429 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 8:47 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 163 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน 84% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| rotate คำกริยา | /ˈɹoʊ.teɪt/ | หมุน, หัน |
| bacterium คำนาม | /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/ | แบคทีเรีย, บัคเตรี |
| continent คำนาม | /ˈkɑntɪnənt/ | ทวีป |
| rotation คำนาม | /ɹoʊˈteɪʃən/ | การหมุน |
| equator คำนาม | /ɪˈkweɪ.tɚ/ | เส้นศูนย์สูตร |
| boil คำกริยา | /bɔɪ(ə)l/ | ต้ม |
| freeze คำกริยา | /ˈfɹiːz/ | แข็ง |
| magnetic คำคุณศัพท์ | /mæɡˈnɛtɪk/ | แม่เหล็ก |
| cyanobacterium คำนาม | สาหร่ายสีเขียวแกมน้ำเงิน | |
| inexplicable คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˌɪn.ɪkˈsplɪ.kə.bl̩/ | ที่อธิบายไม่ได้ |
| inhabitant คำนาม | /ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/ | พลเมือง, พสกนิกร |
| plankton คำนาม | /ˈplæŋ(k).tən/ | แพลงก์ตอน |
| rainforest คำนาม | /ˈɹeɪn.fɔɹ.ɪst/ | ป่าฝน, ป่าดิบชื้น |
| symmetry คำนาม | /ˈsɪm.ɪ.tɹaɪ/ | ความสมมาตร |
| tsunami คำนาม | /(t)suːˈnɑːmi/ | สึนามิ, คลื่นยักษ์ |
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| ประโยคเงื่อนไข if + อนุประโยค, will/would + กริยา — เงื่อนไขและผลลัพธ์ | if it did happen, we wouldn't know |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | was formed · were situated · would be hurled |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | has lasted · have already happened |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 16 ครั้ง เช่น wouldn't, don't, it'd ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: hypothetical /ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkəl/, earthquake /ˈɝθkweɪk/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: inexplicable /ˌɪn.ɪkˈsplɪ.kə.bl̩/, inhabitant /ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/, phytoplankton /ˌfaɪ.təˈplæŋk.tən/, uninhabitable /ˌʌnɪnˈhæbɪtəbəl/, electromagnetic /ɪˌlɛk.tɹoʊ.mæɡˈnɛ.tɪk/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: boil /bɔɪ(ə)l/, freeze /ˈfɹiːz/, lifeless /ˈlaɪfləs/, scorch /skɔɹt͡ʃ/, uninhabitable /ˌʌnɪnˈhæbɪtəbəl/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: overheat /ˌoʊvɚˈhit/, whichever /wɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/, radioactive /ˌɹeɪdioʊˈæktɪv/, lava /ˈlɑvə/, volcano /vɑlˈkeɪ.noʊ/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: freeze /ˈfɹiːz/, resemble /ɹɪˈzɛmbəl/, cosmic /ˈkɑz.mɪk/, nowadays /ˈnaʊ.ə.deɪz/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง rotate, bacterium, continent เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ