ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: World's Deadliest Computer Virus: WannaCry

Midnight, China.

Hotel in the east of Dalian.

A computer glows on a bedside table in a dim hotel room.

Its user sits in a deep trance.

For five days now, he's been trying to solve a problem.

Literally days.

He hasn't had much sleep or any real break besides short trips to the hotel's restaurant to grab some food.

He's been working on a simple project.

How to create a monster.

But so far, he hasn't had much luck, and neither have the other peers assigned for the mission.

This is not good.

Failure means there will be consequences.

The user's name is Park, and he's a programmer.

Unlike his Hollywood peers, he doesn't spend days tapping away at the keyboard.

Instead, he spends most of his time scouring the internet for clues.

What can be the thing that makes the monster work?

Surely someone out there has found the the missing piece.

Perhaps it's somewhere on hacker forums, or for sale on the dark web.

He searches again and again, but nothing.

So far, the only thing they have is a leak.

Recently, a trove of incredibly advanced cyber weapons was stolen from the NSA and dumped into the wild.

But they are useless unless you find a way to make them work with your code.

A way neither Park nor his co-workers have found.

All they need is...wait, what was that?

Eternal Eternal Blue.

Somebody reverse engineered Eternal Blue, one of the NSA's top tools.

Could this work?

He looks through the code.

This is wonderful.

Thrilled, he gets to work.

Several hours later, the monster is almost ready.

Park is exhausted, but satisfied.

With just a few tweaks, the superiors will have precisely what they requested.

Finally, he has earned his rest.

He turns off the computer and finds a small bed in the rim's corner.

The next morning, Park turns the computer back on, determined to give the monster the finishing touches.

Except, the monster has vanished.

Frantically he searches file by file.

Nothing is there.

The machine's been wiped clean.

A message comes through.

His lead, Kanban in Korean, congratulates him for the hard work.

They… they didn't wait.

An order came.

They released the monster.

Unfinished.

panic sets in, but it's too late.

The monster is already wreaking havoc, crippling computers in schools, train stations, offices, and hospitals one by one.

WannaCry, one of the deadliest malware specimens in history, was released on May 12, 2017, and rewrote cybersecurity for good.

After that, there was no rollback.

World War II split the Korean Peninsula into two parts.

Then the Korean War happened, which changed nothing except destroying millions of lives and leaving the peninsula in ruins.

It also cemented the unending rivalry between what we know today as North Korea and South Korea.

After the war, North Korea was backed up by two powerful parents, the USSR and China.

However, in the 1990s, as the USSR collapsed and China opened itself to the world, Pyongyang isolated itself.

Reaching out to the USA and its allies meant sleeping with the enemy.

So instead, it closed off.

Famine and hardships developed quickly.

So North Korea had to create its own system to survive.

A practice that continues this very day.

Crime.

It started with counterfeits, everything from Viagra to birth control, and even forged U.S currency.

But as the world became digital, Pyongyang saw the opportunity to take its criminal activities to new heights.

Their testing ground was close to home, South Korea.

Between 2009 to 2013, North Korea terrorized its neighbor with cyber attacks.

At first they were denial of service or, in simple terms, overwhelming websites with requests to shut them down.

But soon the attacks became more complex.

In March of 2013, the North Korean military unleashed a coordinated day of digital strikes against the capital of South Korea, Seoul.

It used a type of malware called dropper trojan, specifically designed to target South Korean systems.

Within hours, 32,000 machines were infected, including two major banks and three of the largest TV stations.

This was clearly not an isolated IT outage.

Offices, ATMs and TVs across Seoul went dark.

Dark Seoul.

And with it came a revelation.

North Korean hackers were no rookies.

They were becoming sophisticated, precise and deadly.

Soon the rest of the world would learn that lesson.

A year later, in 2014, Sony Pictures was preparing to release a comedy that mocked North Korea's leader, Kim Jong-un.

Pyongyang heard about this plan and did not like it. At all.

And if they could not yet launch a missile across the Pacific, at least they could strike America's propaganda machine with their growing cyber army.

Through a carefully planned spear-fishing campaign, North Korean hackers breached Sony.

They stole information about the studio staff, unreleased movies, and even private emails between celebrities.

they dumped it all into the public domain, sparking chaos.

A country with only 1,024 IP addresses and limited broadband had just hacked Hollywood.

Here we briefly pause to ask you to subscribe and like this video.

We put a lot of effort into our content and your support will help us grow.

Plus, we have other great videos about North Korea, like the Sony hack and the general history of North Korean cyber operations.

Feel free to check them out after this video for extra content.

Cybercrime had proven itself a powerful weapon for grabbing headlines and disrupting global discourse.

But could it also bring profit?

Crime had helped North Korea through famine, so perhaps cybercrime could follow its legacy.

It was time for pragmatic hacking.

By 2015, the banking sector came under attack.

Vietnam's Tian Phong Bank, several Polish banks, and various financial institutions in Mexico and Uruguay all reported North Korean intrusions.

But these incidents were just rehearsals for something bigger.

first major financially motivated cybercrime from North Korea, the Bangladesh heist.

This cyber heist shook the world for its magnitude.

After lurking inside the bank's system for nearly a year, the hackers attempted to steal $1 billion.

They sent phishing emails, compromised the bank's SWIFT mechanism, which is how financial institutions send and receive requests for money transfers,

100

and authorized about three dozen requests to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

101

Fortunately, the New York bank noticed the strange requests and stopped the attack.

102

But the attackers still managed to steal $100 million.

103

The message here was clear.

104

North Korea's cyber operatives were disciplined, persistent, and dangerously effective.

105

In 2016, North Korean hackers no longer surprised the world.

106

People had gotten used to this country making headlines.

107

By that time, tensions between North Korea and the West began boiling.

108

Again.

109

Kim was testing nuclear weapons.

110

Again.

111

Sanctions piled on.

112

And even China, North Korea's longtime ally, expressed some mild criticism.

113

The world was turning on North Korea, and pressure was mounting on the country.

114

But this time, things were different.

115

They were no longer limited to simple DDoS attacks.

116

They had forged an army of elite threat actors that could hijack film studios, banks, and plunge entire country's infrastructure to darkness.

117

In April 2017, Kim and his cyber army were entangled in all kinds of complicated geopolitical games.

118

However, something else was beginning to stir public discourse.

119

a new player had stepped onto the stage, one that would help fuel the birth of many monsters, the Shadow Brokers.

120

It was a mysterious group of hackers who started posting cryptic messages on social media between late 2016 and early 2017.

121

The rants were incoherent, with purposefully bad English, and filled with strange geopolitical commentary.

122

They just looked like a band of sketchy script kiddies, but this was nothing but obfuscation.

123

Shadow Brokers' posts had links, and those links contained entire caches of malware.

124

stolen straight from the National Security Agency of the United States.

125

The NSA had been quietly hoarding these for years.

126

Among them was EternalBlue, a tool that exploited an obscure vulnerability and allowed the takeover of any Windows machine.

127

The agency had known about that vulnerability since 2012.

128

Still, instead of bringing it up with Microsoft to ensure the safety of millions of users, it had chosen to remain silent and develop a tool that took advantage of this situation.

129

In 2017, right before the exploit was leaked, Microsoft finally patched the vulnerability, probably because, seeing their tools stolen, the NSA tipped the company off.

130

Typically, this should have limited the damage.

131

However, users rarely update their devices, some out of ignorance, others out of habit, and most out of inconvenience.

132

So for most users, the patch came too late.

133

By late April, the exploits were already dissected by security researchers.

134

Back then, if you dipped your toe into the InfoSec community, you probably were aware of how massive this development was, not least because everybody was discussing it.

135

One of the companies joining the conversation was RiskSense, a cybersecurity firm that, like everybody else, published its own take on the exploits.

136

But RiskSense stands out for one thing.

137

It became the unexpected catalyst in the chain of events that triggered WannaCry.

138

Only three days before the attack, a senior staff member posted in RiskSense's GitHub, a developer's website.

139

But this entry was not just another write-up of Eternal Blue.

140

He had reverse-engineered its code.

141

In a nutshell, he disassembled the complex tool to understand how the exploit worked.

142

That 9th of May, or perhaps a day or two later, North Korean threat actors stumbled upon the post.

143

It was exactly what they needed.

144

With this knowledge, they could learn how to use Eternal Blue and combine it with another exploit, Double Pulsar, to create the ultimate cyber weapon,

145

a ransomware crypto worm that would spread automatically faster than anything they had ever created.

146

But was this really what North Korea was looking for?

147

Let's go back to Kim and his cyber army now.

148

By late 2016, Kim was growing increasingly frustrated, and by 2017, the tensions peaked.

149

But North Korea wasn't seen as a powerful adversary.

150

Instead, people saw it as a reckless outcast.

151

Perhaps what the world needed was a show of force.

152

Perhaps this was the right time to unleash their shiny weapon.

153

But there was a problem.

154

The monster was not ready.

155

Yes, it was already capable of significant damage, but it was still flawed.

156

Imperfect monsters are dangerous.

157

They can slip out of control if not handled correctly.

158

And maybe the tension and stress made North Korea careless.

159

Or perhaps not.

160

Maybe it was deliberate.

161

Perhaps desperation led them to act fast while they still had a chance.

162

Whatever the case, on May 12th, the malware was unleashed.

163

And in less than a working day, it spread across the world, paralyzing more than three-fourths of it.

164

The world was under the grip of a beast.

165

At least, until around lunchtime.

166

WannaCry is regarded as one of the deadliest ransomware outbreaks in cybersecurity history.

167

But the irony is that the malware itself is not particularly advanced.

168

Its true power came from two things, how it infected and how it spread.

169

Most of these characteristics came courtesy of the United States, the staunchest enemy of North Korea.

170

The deadly combination of the NSA's exploits, EternalBlue and DoublePulsar.

171

EternalBlue enables remote code execution on unpatched Windows machines.

172

It uses the SMB v1 protocol, a system that Windows computers use to communicate and share files.

173

It is the best known of ShadowBroker's tools, and we explained it in detail in our video about Napetya, another devastating cyber attack this exploit enabled.

174

Double Pulsar is slightly less known.

175

In the leak, it was bundled together with Eternal Blue, and doesn't really work without a decent penetration tool like that.

176

Because in essence, Double Pulsar is a backdoor, a passage that, when installed, keeps access to the target's system, like a tunnel connecting the attacker and the victim.

177

It doesn't cause any damage, in fact it's designed to be so low profile that it's pretty much undetectable.

178

But through this tunnel, other, nastier things can be smuggled.

179

So once inside, once EternalBlue broke the victim's defenses and DoublePulsar established a tunnel through them,

180

WannaCry deploys its payloads, two simple encryption algorithms that crawls through the system

181

and turns everything they see into gibberish with the .wncry extension.

182

Before finishing the process, the malware deletes any shadow copies in the victim's computer, making the recovery of the files incredibly difficult.

183

Then the cherry on top, it executes its famous red screen.

184

Oops, your files have been encrypted.

185

If you want to decrypt all your files, you need to pay.

186

You only have three days to submit your payment.

187

If you don't pay in seven days, your files will be lost forever.

188

Send $300 worth of Bitcoin to this address.

189

Just imagine seeing all of this on your computer.

190

Panic is inevitable.

191

The first red screens appeared around 7.44 a.m in Southeast Asia.

192

Within an hour, it spread to Latin America.

193

and around 10 a.m.

194

UTC, it was already causing mayhem in Spain, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom.

195

Train stations, offices, schools, anywhere with computers woke up with WannaCry's mark.

196

WannaCry is considered self-propagating malware.

197

This is because, unlike most malware, it doesn't need phishing emails or human interaction to spread.

198

Instead, it moves on its own from one infected computer to others connected to external and internal networks, all thanks to EternalBlue.

199

This vulnerability allowed hackers to execute arbitrary code on a victim's computer and install the ransomware.

200

From there, the infected machine would scan local networks and the internet for unpatched systems, breaking into as many as possible.

201

While the malware was spreading all over Europe, it was severely affecting the UK's National Health Service.

202

At first, only a couple of hospitals were hit, then dozens.

203

And at some point, one-third of its infrastructure collapsed.

204

One of the people witnessing this crisis as it unfolded in real time was Tony Bleepman, a doctor working as an emergency consultant in London during the attack.

205

I went to work a locum shift, I was not a regular member of staff in a London hospital.

206

My shift started at midday

207

and I got there just before midday to the consultant's office

208

where a lot of people were sitting around their computers

209

and pretty much as I arrived the WannaCry virus came up on everybody's screen.

210

About the same time people were getting phone calls from other people that this had happened in other parts of the NHS.

211

It became clear fairly shortly that the IT had been significantly compromised.

212

With hospitals nationwide struggling to operate, the medical staff had to adapt to the chaos as quickly as possible.

213

It was decided that we would just do what we did before there was IT in hospitals.

214

So instead of having a map on the screen of where every patient was, we took an old-fashioned

215

whiteboard and marker pens and we drew a plan of the department

216

and somebody was put in charge of that board to record where all the patients were and where they were moving to.

217

We rapidly moved to paper registration and paper note keeping for patients.

218

While the staff did everything they could to keep hospitals functioning normally, surgeries and appointments were postponed.

219

Hundreds of patients were left in limbo, uncertain when or how their procedures would happen.

220

But I think you need to look at the wider impact as well.

221

Since about 2010 there has been a regionalisation of specialist services.

222

So London, with a population of approximately 12 million, has only four major trauma hospitals and a limited number of heart attack centres.

223

And they rely on networks for referrals and for receiving patients.

224

And so that was problematic in

225

that some patients in smaller hospitals had difficulties in getting critical patients to the tertiary centres

226

because I heard this but I'm not sure if it's true

227

that in at least one of the trauma centers everything apart from immediate life-saving surgery was cancelled

228

because there was no access to the support systems that the surgeons required.

229

I'm not sure that's verified but that's what I heard on the day

230

that non-essential operating had stopped

231

and I think for a short time there was a pause

232

in invasive cardiac procedures as well in the regional centers the situation was scary,

233

and it didn't take long for most of the country to get glued to the nearest radios, TVs, and computers.

234

Among them was a UK researcher named Marcus Hutchins.

235

At 2.30 p.m.

236

Marcus had just finished lunch and returned home.

237

He had a few days off, so he was taking it easy.

238

But the moment he opened his computer, the scale of the crisis hit him, and he felt he needed to do something.

239

Marcus recalls the motions of that day with Jack Recider on Darknut Diaries

240

when he was brought back to his old parents' room.

241

And my first instinct was this isn't phishing, this is hitting way too many organizations, way too many parts of the same organization,

242

it has to be something bigger.

243

So I went and asked my friend Caffeine, can I have a sample of this?

244

And the second I looked at it, I was like, oh this is bad.

245

As Marcus continued to investigate the malware, he quickly noticed something else unusual.

246

The worm was trying to connect to a random domain before deploying its payload.

247

And when I saw this unregistered domain in the WannaCry code, I was like, nice, this is probably a command and control server.

248

So I registered it.

249

And then I started looking, what can I do with this code?

250

What can I do with the control of this domain?

251

I'm thinking it's a command and control server and maybe we can exploit a vulnerability.

252

But it actually turned out while we were trying to figure out what is the purpose of this domain?

253

What does it actually do?

254

We had already stopped WannaCry because the domain was a kill switch.

255

With the domain registered, WannaCry couldn't cause any further damage.

256

It didn't erase existing infections, but it did stop the malware's attack.

257

By 1503, the destruction was officially over.

258

Marcus had just become a hero in cybersecurity history, and computers around the world could finally breathe again.

259

However, the case of WannaCry was far from being solved.

260

WannaCry hijacked an estimated 200,000 computers across 150 countries, infecting almost a few every country worldwide,

261

all through just two hours of being operational.

262

And it could have easily caused more damage if not for the discovery of the kill switch.

263

Something that makes you instantly wonder, what was the kill switch doing there?

264

And more importantly, what was the real purpose of the attack?

265

The UK police launched an investigation to answer some of those questions, but the mystery only deepened as new details of WannaCry emerged.

266

For example, it was revealed that the scheme generated less than $200,000, a small sum for the scale of the attack.

267

Not only did many victims refuse to pay, but the payment mechanism was essentially useless.

268

Unlike better-designed ransomware, WannaCry had no automated system for distributing decryption keys or tracking who had paid and who hadn't.

269

It was odd.

270

Too odd for threat actors who are supposedly in it for the money.

271

This led to a darker theory.

272

Perhaps WannaCry was not about money.

273

The kill switch supported this theory.

274

Some researchers believed it was not meant to stop the worm but to cover the hacker's footsteps.

275

The kill switch was a way for the worm to understand whether it operated in an organic environment or a sandbox.

276

A sandbox is a virtual computer used to run malware for research purposes.

277

So in this case, if the malware detected a connection to a certain domain, it would shut itself off, assuming it was being studied.

278

However, the creators of WannaCry have been sloppy.

279

The domain was not different for each infection, it was static.

280

So when Marcus registered it, The worm believed the entire internet was a sandbox and shut itself off.

281

If the domains had been different for every computer, the kill switch would have only worked for Marcus, and the infection would have continued spreading.

282

That would be a smart way to design ransomware, the way nearly every known attack works.

283

But in other aspects, WannaCry was pretty sophisticated and was definitely designed with a lot of care and a lot of resources.

284

So the most logical explanation was that the malware was simply unfinished.

285

Somebody released a testing version instead of the final one.

286

The set of circumstances that led to WannaCry was so insane

287

because of course you have the Shadow Brokers leak and the Shadow Brokers isn't, they haven't attributed yet but it's widely believed to be Russian intelligence.

288

So Russian intelligence hacks the NSA, steals one of their most prized vulnerabilities, leaks it onto the open internet,

289

at which point North Korea pick it up and decide to make ransomware with it,

290

and we're not even to this day sure whether WannaCry was supposed to be released yet.

291

There are a lot of just signs in in the code

292

that it might have been a work in progress that accidentally leaked a little earlier than they had intended it to.

293

As the investigation progressed, the UK brought the case to America, which uncovered the nastier side of it.

294

At the end of the day, the NSA's fingerprints were all over the two stolen exploits that made WannaCry work, Eternal Blue and Double Pulsar.

295

WannaCry's power came straight from America's intelligence, and working together, British and American investigators discovered who was behind the worm.

296

First, the FBI analyzed WannaCry's code and concluded that there were at least two other versions of the malware, dating from February and April of 2017.

297

All three versions shared the same code.

298

No reverse engineer was involved.

299

This was the work of a single group of threat actors.

300

Then came another revelation.

301

WannaCry had much in common with other infamous cyber attacks.

302

The malware data chart matched the one used in the Sony and Bangladesh cyber attacks.

303

Also, the development environment was the same.

304

Visual C++, and while this alone does not guarantee that the malware creators were the same, one discovery made the difference.

305

Several IPs and email addresses were reused across WannaCry, Sony, and Bangladesh.

306

It was like finding that after robbing three separate places, the burglars went to the same warehouse to store the stolen goods.

307

All of these attacks had been perpetrated by the same threat actor, and all the evidence was pointing in one direction.

308

Lazarus Group.

309

Lazarus Group, also known as Guardians of Peace or Who Is Team, is believed to be behind most of North Korea's cyber attacks.

310

Jeff White, an investigative journalist, explores this group in great detail and believes these hackers never act independently.

311

They are North Korea's war machine.

312

Some hackers working for North Korea are accused of attacking banks.

313

Some are accused of attacking governments or media organizations.

314

So there's this idea that there are different teams.

315

And yes, they will be within the military because North Korea is a highly militarized society.

316

From memory, I think something like 5 or 6 million of its 25 million inhabitants are in the military services.

317

So yes, the hackers will be inside the military.

318

They will be part of an organizational structure.

319

They will have a commanding officer who is controlling what they do.

320

So that's the sort of setup in terms of the hackers.

321

There was one more thing all of these attacks had in common.

322

Tracing them and connecting them allowed the investigators to finally connect the Lazarus Group to a real person,

323

turning what used to be a shadowy organization with ties to North Korea into a group of operatives with faces and names.

324

In the aftermath of the Sony hack and the Bangladesh heist, FBI agents found a shared network of emails that led them to a mysterious user, Kim Hyun-woo.

325

Although this turned out to be a fabricated persona, the alias was actually helpful for the FBI.

326

They connected this alias to Chosin Expo Group, a North Korean front company for state-sponsored hacking.

327

Chosun Expo was initially an experimental venture between North Korea and South Korea.

328

It sold everything from lottery tickets to mushrooms and even ornate bases.

329

But at some point, South Korea withdrew from the venture, and North Korea maintained the business.

330

On paper, the company's purpose was to supply various goods and services, including software, freelancing software development, and gambling-related products.

331

But this was only on paper.

332

The FBI soon uncovered that Chosen was connected to the Sony and Bangladesh incidents.

333

Not only was it using an official government-run email account to target victims, but the logins of Chosen Expo's website were tied to the network of fake email accounts used in the attacks.

334

The evidence was clear.

335

Whoever ran the company's website also participated in the cyber attacks.

336

They came across a Gmail address, a Google email address that had been used in that attack.

337

So they issued a warrant to Google and said, we want the data on this account.

338

And they discovered a CV

339

that had been sent by one of the allegedly North Korean

340

hackers to his new employer in China as he was going across the border to work for this company in China.

341

And of course, it had his photo and his name and all that kind of thing.

342

And they had this whole correspondence about how this North Korean was looking forward to going over to China, to set up in China and to have this new life.

343

Incredible privilege, by the way, to travel abroad as a North Korean.

344

His name was Park Jin-hyuk.

345

Unlike other nicknames and aliases found during the investigation, he did not have a ghostly presence.

346

His birthday, education, language proficiency, and skills were all in the hands of investigators.

347

And this was just enough to build a case.

348

North Korea's cyber army was behind the attacks.

349

And Park Jin-hyuk was the executioner's hand.

350

By the end of 2017, the USA publicly shared that North Korea was behind WannaCry.

351

The press and the White House spoke openly, pointing to Pyongyang, claiming that the reason behind the attack was to generate chaos against the USA and allies,

352

something that North Korea obviously denied.

353

But there was one detail the White House conveniently did not mention.

354

As discussed thoroughly during this video, WannaCry did not have a trigger or respond to one clear event.

355

Instead, it combined various factors including North Korea's thirst for power, the shadow broker's leak, and indirectly, the NSA's obsession with exploits.

356

Brad Smith, president of Microsoft, acknowledged this in a post after the incident.

357

In it, he heavily criticized the U.S and its tendency to hoard exploits, comparing the situation to the U.S military having some of its Tomahawk missiles stolen.

358

This was not taken well in Washington.

359

The U.S government tried its best to deflect the questions surrounding America's indirect role in WannaCry, and when asked whether the NSA was accountable for WannaCry,

360

their Your answer was...

361

No, not at all.

362

WannaCry resulted from a chain of events that fueled a beast, but North Korean threat actors could not have completed this beast without the Shadow Brokers leaks.

363

Luckily, we have a video about this mysterious group on our channel if you want to learn more about their story, and how those leaks came to be.

364

Thank you for watching, and we'll see you in the next video!

✨ วิดีโอแนะนำ

137 ประโยค

คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “World's Deadliest Computer Virus: WannaCry” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: Wannacry, Korea, attack วิดีโอนี้มี 364 ประโยค และ 4610 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 27:08 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 170 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน มีเพียง 78% ของคำที่อยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงค่อนข้างยาก

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์	คำอ่าน	ความหมาย
malware คำนาม	/ˈmæl.wɛəɹ/	มัลแวร์, ซอฟต์แวร์ที่เป็นอันตราย
worm คำนาม	/wɝm/	หนอน
vulnerability คำนาม	/ˌvʌln(ə)ɹəˈbɪlɪti/	ช่องโหว่
cybersecurity คำนาม	/saɪbəsɪˈkjʊəɹɪtɪ/	ความมั่นคงปลอดภัยไซเบอร์
infect คำกริยา	/ɪnˈfɛkt/	ติดเชื้อ
sandbox คำนาม	/ˈsæn(d).bɑks/	กระบะทราย
investigator คำนาม	/ɪnˈvɛs.tɪˌɡeɪ̯.təː/	ผู้สอบสวน
mysterious คำคุณศัพท์	/mɪˈstɪɹi.əs/	ลี้ลับ
famine คำนาม	/ˈfæm.ɪn/	ทุพภิกขภัย, ข้าวยากหมากแพง
forge คำนาม	/fɔɹd͡ʒ/	โรงตีเหล็ก
researcher คำนาม	/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/	นักวิจัย
peninsula คำนาม	/pəˈnɪn.sə.lə/	คาบสมุทร
headline คำนาม	/ˈhɛd.laɪn/	หัวเรื่อง, หัวข่าว
ally คำนาม	/ˈæl.aɪ/	พันธมิตร
trauma คำนาม	/ˈtɹɔm.ə/	การบาดเจ็บ

กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

คำศัพท์	ความหมาย
turn off คำกริยา	ปิด, ดับ

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้าง	ในวิดีโอ
Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — การกระทำที่เริ่มก่อนหน้านี้และยังดำเนินอยู่	he's been trying · He's been working
“used to” used to + กริยา — นิสัยหรือสภาพในอดีตที่ตอนนี้ไม่เป็นแล้ว	used to run · used to be
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน	hasn't had · has found · have found
Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ	was stolen · been wiped · was released

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 21 ครั้ง เช่น doesn't, didn't, I'm ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: phishing /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/, unleash /ʌnˈliʃ/, unfinished /ʌnˈfɪnɪʃt/, revelation /ˌɹɛv.əˈleɪ.ʃən/
คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: vulnerability /ˌvʌln(ə)ɹəˈbɪlɪti/, cybersecurity /saɪbəsɪˈkjʊəɹɪtɪ/, investigator /ɪnˈvɛs.tɪˌɡeɪ̯.təː/, mysterious /mɪˈstɪɹi.əs/, operative /ˈɑpəɹətɪv/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง malware, worm, vulnerability เป็นพิเศษ

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →

ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: World's Deadliest Computer Virus: WannaCry

NotPetya Attack

Can This Vibe Coder Beat a Senior Developer?

Horror Movie Monsters YOU Can't Survive

The Man Who Stole MySpace | Samy

Introducing the 7-1-7 Alliance

How to Survive the Top 5 Deadliest Primates

My Country Is Choosing Extinction (Korea)

The Wall Outlet Computer

Destroying a scam call center

Dagoth ur reads morrowind creepypasta jvk1166z.esp

How to lock in (for real)

25 crazy software bugs explained