Shadowing Practice: Biology overview - Learn English Speaking with Video

Ders oluşturuluyor...
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I would like to welcome you to Biology at Khan Academy.
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And biology, as you might know, is the study of life.
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And I can't really imagine anything more interesting than the study of life.
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And when I say "life," I'm not just talking about us, human beings.
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I'm talking about all animals.
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I'm talking about plants.
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I'm talking about bacteria.
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And it really is fascinating.
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How do we start off with inanimate molecules and atoms?
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You know, this right here is a molecule of DNA.
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How do we start with things like that, and we get the complexity of living things?
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And you might be saying, well, what makes something living?
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Well, living things convert energy from one form to another.
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They use that energy to grow.
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They use that energy to change.
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And I guess growth is a form of change.
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They use that energy to reproduce.
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And these are all, in and of themselves, fascinating questions.
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How do they do this?
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You know, we look around us.
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How do we, you know, eat a muffin?
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And how does that allow us to move around and think, and do all the things we do?
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Where did the energy from that muffin come from?
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How are we similar to a plant or an insect?
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And we are eerily or strangely similar to these things.
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We actually have a lot more in common with, you know, that tree outside your window, or that insect, that bee, that might be buzzing around, than you realize.
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Even with the bacteria that you can only even see at a microscopic level.
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In fact, we have so much bacteria as part of what makes us, us.
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So these are fascinating questions.
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How did life even emerge?
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And so over the course of what you see in Biology on Khan Academy, we're going to answer these fundamental, fascinating questions.
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We're going to think about things like energy and the role of energy in life.
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We're going to think about important molecules in biology.
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And perhaps most importantly, DNA and its role in reproduction and containing information.
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And we're going to study cells, which are the basic building block of life.
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And as we'll see, even though we view cells as these super, super small, small things, cells in and of themselves are incredibly complex.
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And if you compare them to an atomic scale, they're quite large.
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In fact, this entire blue background that I have there, that's the surface of an immune cell.
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And what you see here emerging from it, these little yellow things.
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These are HIV viruses, emerging from an immune cell.
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So even though you imagine cells as these very, very small microscopic things, this incredible complexity.
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Even viruses.
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Viruses are one of these fascinating things that kind of are right on the edge between life and nonlife.
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They definitely reproduce, and they definitely evolve.
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But they don't necessarily have a metabolism.
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We'll learn a lot more about that.
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They don't necessarily use energy and growth in the same way that we would associate with life.
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And then perhaps one of the biggest questions of all is how did life come about?
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And we will study that as we look at evolution and natural selection.
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So welcome to Khan Academy's Biology section.
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I think you're going to find it fascinating.
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You're going to realize that biology, in some way, is the most complex of the sciences.
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And in a lot of ways, the one that we understand the least.
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It's going to be built on top of chemistry, which in turn is built on top of physics, which in turn is built on top of mathematics.
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And biology is one of our Frankly, even in the last hundred years, we're just starting to scratch the surface of understanding it.
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But what's really exciting is where the field of biology is going.
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As we understand things at a deeper level, at a molecular level, we're going to start thinking about how can we even do things like engineer biology, or affect the world around us?
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It's going to raise all sorts of fascinating and deep and ethical questions.
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So, hopefully you enjoy this.
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Biology is one of the most, arguably, maybe the most fascinating subject of all.
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I don't want to offend the chemists and the physicists out there.
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I actually find those quite fascinating as well.
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But we're going to answer, or attempt to start to answer, some of the most fundamental questions of our existence.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları

Bu C1 seviyesindeki konuşma dersi “Biology overview” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: biology, fascinating, energy, cell, questions. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 63 cümle ve 755 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 4:32 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 166 kelimeyle, günlük konuşmaya yakın doğal bir hızda konuşuyor. Kelimelerin %86’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında; geri kalanına başlamadan önce bakmakta fayda var. 63 cümlenin 11 tanesi soru; soru tonlaması ve kısa cevaplar için iyi bir alıştırma.

Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler

Videodaki en ileri düzey 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:

KelimeTelaffuzAnlam
bacterium isim/bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/bakteri
molecule isim/ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/molekül
microscopic sıfat/ˌmaɪ.kɹəˈskɑ.pɪk/mikroskobik
muffin isim/ˈmʌf.ɪn/muffin
insect isim/ˈɪn.sɛkt/böcek, haşere
complexity isim/kəmˈplɛk.sɪ.ti/karmaşıklık
excite fiil/ɪkˈsaɪt/heyecanlandırmak
inanimate sıfat/ɪnˈænɪmət/cansız, ölü
physicist isim/ˈfɪzɪsɪst/fizikçi
chemist isim/ˈkɛmɪst/kimyacı
atom isim/ˈætəm/atom
metabolism isim/məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.əm/metabolizma, özgeriş
reproduction isim/ˌɹiːpɹəˈdʌkʃən/üreme
arguably zarf/ˈɑɹɡjuəbli/tartışmalı şekilde, tartışmasız
buzz isim/bʌz/cızıltı, cızırtı

Tekrar etmeye değer cümleler

Videodan, günlük konuşmada yeniden kullanabileceğiniz kısa ve tam cümleler:

  • I'm talking about all animals.
  • How do we start off with inanimate molecules and atoms?
  • How do we, you know, eat a muffin?
  • How are we similar to a plant or an insect?
  • We're going to think about important molecules in biology.

Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar

Konuşmacı we're, I'm, don't gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 20 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.

  • Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: microscopic /ˌmaɪ.kɹəˈskɑ.pɪk/, complexity /kəmˈplɛk.sɪ.ti/, inanimate /ɪnˈænɪmət/, metabolism /məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.əm/, reproduction /ˌɹiːpɹəˈdʌkʃən/

Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:

  • /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/, bacterium /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/, inanimate /ɪnˈænɪmət/, atom /ˈætəm/, metabolism /məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.əm/

Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır

  1. Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
  2. 0,75× hızla başlayın, cümle cümle tekrar edin ve kolaylaşınca normal hıza dönün.
  3. Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; bacterium, molecule, microscopic gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.

Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?

Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.

Shadowing tekniği: adım adım eksiksiz rehberi okuyun →