Shadowing Practice: Intro to Scrum in Under 10 Minutes - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Hi, this is me.
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My name is Hamid Chodjai
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and I've been involved with a number of software development projects over the years at a number of different companies
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and I've come to recognize Scrum as one of the best agile development practices in use today.
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In this fast-paced video, I want to show you why Scrum is
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so great and how you can get started with Scrum in under 10 minutes.
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I'll cover all the core Scrum concepts like product backlogs, team roles, sprints, turn-down charts, and more.
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So get ready to be bombarded with information.
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Let's say this is the product we want to build.
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For this product, we get all kinds of feature requests from customers, executives, or even other team members.
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In Scrum, features are written from the perspective of the end-user.
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Therefore, features are known as user stories.
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The collection of all these user stories is called the product backlog.
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Another way to think of the product backlog is to think
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of it as a wish list of all the things that would make this product great.
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Once we have our wish list or the product backlog, we need to start planning which specific user stories we're going to be putting into a particular release of our product.
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But we're getting ahead of ourselves.
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Let's back up a bit.
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To build this product, we need to have one
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or more people in our team who are going to play a variety of roles.
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First, we need her.
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She plays the role of product owner and helps make sure the right features make it into the product backlog, representing the users and customers of the product.
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She helps set the direction of the product.
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Then we need this guy.
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He's the scrum master and his job is to make sure the project is progressing smoothly
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and that every member of the team has the tools they need to get their job done.
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He sets up meetings, monitors the work being done and facilitates release planning.
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He's a lot like a project manager but that's such a boring title
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so we'll call him a scrum master to imply he knows some jujitsu.
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And the rest of the team has similar roles to other development processes.
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These guys build the product while these guys test it to make sure to make sure it works right.
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These guys use it and hopefully pay for it.
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And these guys, they generally get in the way, but it turns out you can't build many products without them.
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But let's get back to this, release planning.
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To plan a release, the team starts with this, the product backlog, and they identify the user stories they want to put into this release.
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These user stories then become part of the release backlog.
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The team then prioritizes the user stories and estimates the amount of work involved for each item.
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Sometimes larger user stories are broken down into smaller, more manageable chunks.
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The collection of all the estimates provides a rough idea of the total amount of work involved to complete the entire release.
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A quick side note about estimates.
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There are a lot of techniques for creating good estimates.
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Some prefer estimating in story points, where estimates are made relative to building a small component with a known level of difficulty.
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Unfortunately, story points don't answer the question of, when will my project ship?
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I've found that the best technique is to estimate work in hours, but to use some standards in how estimates are done.
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For example, things that take less than a day to complete will be estimated as 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, or 8 hours.
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Every item will fall into one of those buckets.
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There will be no 3-hour estimates, for example.
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A 3-hour item would fall into the 4-hour bucket.
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Larger items will be estimated as 2 days, 3 days, 5 days, or 10 days.
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Again, all estimates in between will fall into the next larger bucket.
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Extremely large items are similarly estimated in months.
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1, 2, 3, or 6 months.
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But the reality is that such items will need to be broken down substantially before work actually begins.
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We'll come back to these estimates in just a minute.
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But for now, let's get back to this, the release backlog.
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With a prioritized set of user stories and the estimated amount of work at hand, we're now ready to plan out several sprints to get the work done.
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Sprints are short duration milestones that allow teams to tackle a manageable chunk of the project
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and get it to a ship ready state.
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Sprints generally range from a couple of days to as much as 30 days in length, depending on the product's release cycles.
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The shorter the release cycles, the shorter each sprint should be.
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And you'll want to have at least two to as many as a dozen sprints in a given release.
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So at this point, we can take our release backlog and split it up into several of these, sprint backlogs.
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One of the most important things to remember about sprints is
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that the goal of each sprint is to get a subset of the release backlog to a ship-ready state.
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So at the end of each sprint, you should have a fully tested product with all the features of the sprint 100% complete.
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Since sprints are a very short but a realistic representation of part of the product, a late finish of the sprint is a great indicator
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that the project is not on schedule and something needs to be done.
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Therefore, it's extremely important to monitor the progress of each sprint with this, a burndown chart.
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The burndown chart is the number one reason for scrum's popularity
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and one of the best project visibility tools to ensure a project is progressing smoothly.
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The burndown chart provides a day-by-day measure of the amount of work that remains in a given sprint or release.
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In this graph, you can see that the amount of work remaining bounces up and down from day to day, but is generally trending towards zero.
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Because historical information is provided in the burndown chart, it's easy to see if the team is on the right track.
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Using the burndown chart, the team can quickly calculate this, the slope of the graph, which is also called the burndown velocity.
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This is the average rate of productivity for each day.
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For example, a team's rate of productivity might be that on a typical day they finish approximately 50 hours of work.
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Knowing that, it's possible to calculate an estimated completion date for the sprint, or even for the entire release based on the amount of work remaining.
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What's great about the burndown chart is that we can compare our actual velocity
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and projected completion date to what the team needs to do in order to finish on time.
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This is perhaps the most useful piece of knowledge that any team member, product owner, or product executive can have about the project.
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Because knowing whether
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or not the project is on track early in the schedule
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can help teams make the proper adjustments necessary to get the project on track.
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The burndown chart provides empirical proof that the project is on track or if it's going to be late.
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So let's talk a little about where the data for this incredibly useful burndown chart comes from.
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As you recall, part of the release planning process was to create an estimate for each user story in the release backlog.
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The collection of these estimates for a given sprint represents the total amount of work
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that must be done to complete that sprint.
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As each team member goes through and makes progress on one or more of the user stories, they simply update the amount of time remaining for each of their own items.
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So the total amount of time remaining on the group of user stories
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that make up a sprint changes on a day-by-day basis, hopefully going downward until it hits zero when the sprint is complete.
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The burndown chart aggregates the remaining work data and shows it visually.
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It's brilliant because it communicates a massive amount of information in just a few seconds.
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And that brings us to this, the daily scrum.
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The daily scrum is an essential tool to having communication flow freely between team members.
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The idea is to have fast-paced, stand-up meetings where team members quickly list the work they have completed since the last meeting and any obstacles in their way.
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By meeting daily, it ensures the team is always in sync
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and any major issues are dealt with as soon as they are known.
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Finally, as each sprint comes to a finish, it's important to have a sprint retrospective meeting where the team can reflect on what went right and areas of improvement.
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After all, Scrum is a flexible, agile development method that needs constant improving and tweaking for every team.
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So there you have it, Scrum in under 10 minutes.
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You now know all the essential concepts to start implementing Scrum inside of your organization.
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But wait a second, what about tools to help you implement Scrum?
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Well, it just so happens that I've spent the last 10 years building such a tool, with a lot of help from these guys, a group of genius coders and design ninjas.
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The tool is called OnTime, and it helps you manage your products, your backlogs, your team, releases and your sprints.
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It gives you project visibility with burndown charts and always answers the question of who is working on what.
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You can get started with it for free at Axiosoft.com.
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Of course, you could use a giant whiteboard, some note cards, and a bunch of different spreadsheets to track everything.
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You could also use an abacus instead of a calculator to do math, but we're getting a little off topic.
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So let's quickly review everything.
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In Scrum, you work with this, a product backlog, which is nothing more than a list of features that we call user stories.
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You then break down the product backlog into one or more release backlogs.
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And for a given release, you further break up the release backlog into a number of sprint backlogs, which are essentially short duration milestones throughout your project.
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You then monitor the progress of each sprint using these, burndown charts, and have daily scrum meetings to ensure everything is on track.
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After each sprint, you have a retrospective meeting to fine-tune everything.
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And if you want a tool to implement scrum, you can use OnTime.
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It'll help you ship software OnTime.
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That's all there is to it.
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Oh, and one last thing.
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Whether you loved or hated this video, I'd love to hear from you.
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You can reach me on Twitter or via email if you have any feedback.
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Now get going, create a great team, collaborate, and ship software on time.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu C1 seviyesindeki konuşma dersi “Intro to Scrum in Under 10 Minutes” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: sprint, product, release, backlog, scrum. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 122 cümle ve 1829 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 8:38 sürüyor. Konuşmacı hızlı konuşuyor, dakikada yaklaşık 212 kelime; bu yüzden birbirine bağlanan ve zayıflayan sesler duyacaksınız. Kelimelerin %84’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında; geri kalanına başlamadan önce bakmakta fayda var.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodaki en ileri düzey 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| backlog isim | /ˈbæk(ˌ)lɔɡ/ | birikme, birikmiş iş |
| bucket isim | /ˈbʌkɪt/ | kova |
| prioritize fiil | /pɹaɪˈɒɹ.ə.taɪz/ | önceliklendirmek |
| chunk isim | /t͡ʃʌŋk/ | parça |
| milestone isim | /ˈmaɪlˌstoʊn/ | kilometre taşı |
| visibility isim | /ˌvɪz.əˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ | görülebilirlik |
| calculate fiil | /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/ | hesaplamak |
| velocity isim | /vəˈlɑsəti/ | hız |
| graph isim | /ɡɹæf/ | grafik |
| abacus isim | /ˈæb.ə.kəs/ | abaküs |
| spreadsheet isim | /ˈspɹɛd.ʃit/ | elektronik tablo, hesap tablosu |
| whiteboard isim | /ˈwaɪtbɔɹd/ | beyaz tahta |
| collaborate fiil | /kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/ | birlikte çalışmak |
| calculator isim | /kæl.kjə.leɪ.tɚ/ | hesap makinesi |
| obstacle isim | /ˈɑbstəkəl/ | engel, ket |
Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller
| Kelime | Anlam |
|---|---|
| stand up fiil | satmak |
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | I've been involved · be bombarded · are written |
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | I've been involved · I've come · I've found |
| İlgi cümlecikleri who / which + cümle — bir kişi ya da şey hakkında ek bilgi | graph, which is · backlog, which is · backlogs, which are |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı I've, we're, we'll gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 16 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: manageable /ˈmænəd͡ʒəb(ə)l/, prioritize /pɹaɪˈɒɹ.ə.taɪz/, retrospective /ˌɹɛt.ɹə(ʊ)ˈspɛk.tɪv/, visibility /ˌvɪz.əˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, velocity /vəˈlɑsəti/
Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:
- /w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: whiteboard /ˈwaɪtbɔɹd/, downward /ˈdaʊnwɚd/
- Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: sprint /spɹɪnt/, scrum /skɹʌm/, prioritize /pɹaɪˈɒɹ.ə.taɪz/, smoothly /ˈsmuːðli/, graph /ɡɹæf/
- /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: backlog /ˈbæk(ˌ)lɔɡ/, agile /ˈæd͡ʒ.aɪl/, manageable /ˈmænəd͡ʒəb(ə)l/, calculate /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/, graph /ɡɹæf/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- 0,75× hızla başlayın, cümle cümle tekrar edin ve kolaylaşınca normal hıza dönün.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; backlog, bucket, prioritize gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.