Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: 케빈 시스트롬: 행동의 열매

B2
At Stanford, you kind of started your first thing.
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At Stanford, you kind of started your first thing.
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It was a classified ad site, is that right?
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Yeah.
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As many people know, and I'm not sure how this has changed to date at Stanford and other schools,
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but like no one has money and all you want to do is get a fridge for your room, right?
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And I'm pretty certain that every single year someone starts this startup,
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and I caught this trap too,
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which is just like, how do you allow students to trade goods at the beginning and end of the year?
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And there's this interesting mismatch between like the end of the year,
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people want to get rid of the stuff in the beginning of the year,
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everyone wants to buy stuff.
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So I sat down and I decided to teach myself Ruby on Rails.
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And I was like, this is going to be a really awesome skill.
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So I learned that, learned about databases and learned enough to be dangerous.
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And this is like one of the lessons in entrepreneurship is that like,
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you don't have to be the best,
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but you have to be dangerous, right?
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You have to learn just enough to be dangerous to build an idea,
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concept it, and show it to the world.
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And then it turns out there are lots of other people,
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including all 170 employees that work at Instagram,
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who are much better at doing all that stuff than I am.
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But you need to find people who can,
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you know, be drawn to the idea that you build,
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and then they end up taking it and making it even better.
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So I worked on a classified ads startup at Stanford called The Tree List.
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It was supposed to be like Craigslist,
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but the tree is the same.
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It was a really terrible name.
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I'm not a marketing guy, by the way.
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Thank you, everyone, for laughing.
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So what's interesting, though, is I started it not at Stanford,
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but actually while I was studying abroad in Florence.
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So I love art history.
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I love photography, obviously.
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So I'd studied in Florence for three months.
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And I remember we didn't have much to do after class because,
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you know, it was the winter.
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It was cold.
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You know, I think the program had 12 students in it.
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So you'd go home to your,
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you know, host family and you'd eat an awesome Italian dinner.
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And then you'd sit there without TV and you'd just say,
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okay, what do I want to do?
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So Wi-Fi really wasn't a thing in their building.
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And I would have my laptop and I would literally just build this site at the time on my little,
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it was an iBook.
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And what I would do is actually to ship code,
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I would go outside of the apartment building, down the street.
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And like I remember specifically one day it was snowing.
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It doesn't snow in Florence very often,
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so that's why I remember it.
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It was snowing, and I would go next to the public library and lean with my laptop until I got enough signal.
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And I would like sync FTP to make the files go to the server,
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and then I would send off all my emails promoting it to people back at Stanford.
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So I was literally just trying to launch this thing from afar.
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There's so much you could learn from even launching this thing that,
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you know, a lot of people attempt,
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but the actual action of getting it out there,
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like that was probably the first,
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you know, first step to a lot of the other things that you did later.
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Yeah, I think what probably helped too was like the idea
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that I wasn't on the ground listening to whether
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or not people liked it gave me enough like ammunition and confidence to like keep working on it.
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And then all I had was like,
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are people using this or not?
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Not like, what do they think about it?
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And are they judging the idea?
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But like, are they using it?
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And that's really important because what people tell you and how people act are very,
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very different sometimes.
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So the lesson I learned was not very many people were using it.
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So we ended up, like I ended up forming the idea more into a like less of a overall Craigslist
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and more of it just a good transfer.
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But again, the other lesson here is sometimes it's not about the idea that you're working on,
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but instead the skills that you're learning while you work on it.
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And that really helped me,
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well, not only learn to program,
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but also like learn to market a consumer site to people.
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And I mean, colleges are probably the best form of marketing because everyone's interconnected and they talk all the time.
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I had the privilege of going to a Marine base once and talking to Marines about how they plan their next move.
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And there's this phrase called bias towards action that I really was taken to.
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So the idea that you can spend all of your time thinking about what the perfect next move is,
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trying to plan, am I gonna work at Google?
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Am I gonna work at Microsoft?
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Like which one?
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Like, am I gonna work at McKinsey or Bain?
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like trying to figure out all,
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like the next perfect move,
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and spending a tremendous amount of time trying to figure that out.
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The Marines say you can spend all the time you want,
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but by the time you figured it out, you're dead.
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Okay?
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So like sometimes you need to make a trade-off of what
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is the action I can take with the appropriate amount of information and risk to move,
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because moving and progress is what gets us to the next step.
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So for me, I mean,
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when I was in school trying to figure out what to do after college,
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all of my friends were interviewing at investment banks and Bain and McKinsey,
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and they were getting these offer letters with six figures.
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And I was like, oh,
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my God, six figures right out of college is crazy.
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By the way, it is.
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And it is.
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For a guy that didn't take a salary for the first two years of founding Bourbon slash Instagram,
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it was really harrying to think that people can have such a salary out of college,
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and you're going to go like,
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take not a great job, right?
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That you're going to do something that's a little riskier.
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It turns out, and I mean,
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don't quote me on this,
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because your parents will kill me,
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like, it's all going to be fine, okay?
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When I told my parents that I was going to go do a startup,
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and I know we're all a bit older here,
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but like, you know, when I told my parents I was going to do a startup,
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they're like, what about health insurance?
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And I was like, oh, that's a good point.
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What about health insurance?
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So thank you, parents, for making me think of that. So let's see here.
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It was scary, but that bias towards action was like,
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there's no perfect next move.
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You just need to know that by moving and learning,
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it all adds up.
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That summation of your experience over the last 10 years is what makes you into the thing tomorrow that will be successful.
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And it just takes trying and trying and trying again.
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I mean, Instagram filters came from a photography class that I took in Florence,
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where my photography teacher gave me a square format camera called a Holga.
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It's this plastic camera that got kind of hip with hipsters.
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And anyway, he handed it to me and he said,
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you should use this.
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And as we were developing the film,
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he's like, you know, you can change the look of the image
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if you put these chemicals in the bath when you're developing the print.
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And I was like, interesting.
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So, you know, you put it in,
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like the colors start changing to this interesting purple.
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And I started thinking to myself,
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like, oh, my God, this is like awesome.
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I'm going to do it on all my prints.
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And every time I made a print,
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every one of the people in that class were like,
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the prints are so cool.
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That idea laid dormant for like five years.
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So every little experience you have,
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you may not give credit to,
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but it turns out is super important for,
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you know, being foundational in your startup going forward.
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And you'll end up kind of figuring out how it takes form in your startup going forward.
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But each and every little experience adds up.

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Trong video "케빈 시스트롬: 행동의 열매", diễn giả Kevin Systrom chia sẻ về những trải nghiệm đầu tiên của anh trong lĩnh vực khởi nghiệp. Anh bắt đầu phát triển một trang web quảng cáo phân loại trong thời gian học tại Stanford, nơi anh gặp phải những thách thức như thiếu kinh phí và nhu cầu trao đổi hàng hóa giữa các sinh viên. Bối cảnh kể về những kỷ niệm của anh khi sống ở Florence, nơi anh dành thời gian để học tập và phát triển kỹ năng lập trình của mình, từ đó dẫn đến sự ra đời của một ý tưởng khởi nghiệp độc đáo.

Top 5 Câu Nói Thường Gặp trong Giao Tiếp Hàng Ngày

  • “How do you allow students to trade goods?” - Làm thế nào bạn giúp sinh viên trao đổi hàng hóa?
  • “This is going to be a really awesome skill.” - Điều này sẽ trở thành một kỹ năng thật tuyệt vời.
  • “You have to be dangerous.” - Bạn phải biết đủ để trở nên nguy hiểm.
  • “Find people who can be drawn to the idea.” - Tìm những người có thể bị thu hút bởi ý tưởng.
  • “I would literally just build this site.” - Tôi thực sự đã chỉ xây dựng trang web này.

Hướng Dẫn Shadowing Từng Bước

Để sử dụng hiệu quả phương pháp shadow speak với nội dung trong video này, bạn có thể làm theo các bước sau:

  1. Xem video lần đầu: Đầu tiên, hãy xem video một lần mà không cần ghi chú để hiểu nội dung tổng quan.
  2. Nghe và viết ra: Sau khi hiểu nội dung, nghe lại và ghi chú lại những cụm từ quan trọng hoặc những câu hỏi bạn có. Điều này sẽ giúp bạn xác định các yếu tố cần tập trung vào.
  3. Luyện phát âm: Sử dụng phần mềm shadowing để lắng nghe và nhại lại từng câu nói của diễn giả. Tập trung vào việc nâng cao phát âm tiếng anh chuẩn của bạn.
  4. Thực hành nói: Hãy thực hành nói theo cách của bạn bằng việc xây dựng câu và ý tưởng dựa trên nội dung video. Bạn có thể thử vận dụng các câu trong danh sách trên.
  5. Đánh giá bản thân: Cuối cùng, ghi âm lại phần thực hành của bạn và so sánh với bản gốc để tự đánh giá và cải thiện kỹ năng nói tiếng Anh của mình.

Áp dụng những bước này một cách nhất quán sẽ giúp bạn cải thiện khả năng giao tiếp và tự tin hơn khi sử dụng tiếng Anh. Việt hóa các nội dung này để phù hợp và dễ tiếp cận với bạn cũng là một phương pháp hữu ích cho việc học ngôn ngữ!

Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?

Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.