शैडोइंग अभ्यास: 케빈 시스트롬: 행동의 열매 - YouTube के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

B2
At Stanford, you kind of started your first thing.
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1
At Stanford, you kind of started your first thing.
2
It was a classified ad site, is that right?
3
Yeah.
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As many people know, and I'm not sure how this has changed to date at Stanford and other schools,
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but like no one has money and all you want to do is get a fridge for your room, right?
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And I'm pretty certain that every single year someone starts this startup,
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and I caught this trap too,
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which is just like, how do you allow students to trade goods at the beginning and end of the year?
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And there's this interesting mismatch between like the end of the year,
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people want to get rid of the stuff in the beginning of the year,
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everyone wants to buy stuff.
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So I sat down and I decided to teach myself Ruby on Rails.
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And I was like, this is going to be a really awesome skill.
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So I learned that, learned about databases and learned enough to be dangerous.
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And this is like one of the lessons in entrepreneurship is that like,
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you don't have to be the best,
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but you have to be dangerous, right?
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You have to learn just enough to be dangerous to build an idea,
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concept it, and show it to the world.
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And then it turns out there are lots of other people,
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including all 170 employees that work at Instagram,
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who are much better at doing all that stuff than I am.
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But you need to find people who can,
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you know, be drawn to the idea that you build,
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and then they end up taking it and making it even better.
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So I worked on a classified ads startup at Stanford called The Tree List.
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It was supposed to be like Craigslist,
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but the tree is the same.
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It was a really terrible name.
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I'm not a marketing guy, by the way.
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Thank you, everyone, for laughing.
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So what's interesting, though, is I started it not at Stanford,
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but actually while I was studying abroad in Florence.
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So I love art history.
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I love photography, obviously.
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So I'd studied in Florence for three months.
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And I remember we didn't have much to do after class because,
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you know, it was the winter.
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It was cold.
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You know, I think the program had 12 students in it.
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So you'd go home to your,
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you know, host family and you'd eat an awesome Italian dinner.
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And then you'd sit there without TV and you'd just say,
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okay, what do I want to do?
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So Wi-Fi really wasn't a thing in their building.
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And I would have my laptop and I would literally just build this site at the time on my little,
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it was an iBook.
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And what I would do is actually to ship code,
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I would go outside of the apartment building, down the street.
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And like I remember specifically one day it was snowing.
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It doesn't snow in Florence very often,
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so that's why I remember it.
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It was snowing, and I would go next to the public library and lean with my laptop until I got enough signal.
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And I would like sync FTP to make the files go to the server,
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and then I would send off all my emails promoting it to people back at Stanford.
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So I was literally just trying to launch this thing from afar.
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There's so much you could learn from even launching this thing that,
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you know, a lot of people attempt,
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but the actual action of getting it out there,
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like that was probably the first,
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you know, first step to a lot of the other things that you did later.
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Yeah, I think what probably helped too was like the idea
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that I wasn't on the ground listening to whether
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or not people liked it gave me enough like ammunition and confidence to like keep working on it.
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And then all I had was like,
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are people using this or not?
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Not like, what do they think about it?
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And are they judging the idea?
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But like, are they using it?
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And that's really important because what people tell you and how people act are very,
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very different sometimes.
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So the lesson I learned was not very many people were using it.
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So we ended up, like I ended up forming the idea more into a like less of a overall Craigslist
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and more of it just a good transfer.
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But again, the other lesson here is sometimes it's not about the idea that you're working on,
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but instead the skills that you're learning while you work on it.
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And that really helped me,
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well, not only learn to program,
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but also like learn to market a consumer site to people.
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And I mean, colleges are probably the best form of marketing because everyone's interconnected and they talk all the time.
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I had the privilege of going to a Marine base once and talking to Marines about how they plan their next move.
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And there's this phrase called bias towards action that I really was taken to.
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So the idea that you can spend all of your time thinking about what the perfect next move is,
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trying to plan, am I gonna work at Google?
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Am I gonna work at Microsoft?
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Like which one?
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Like, am I gonna work at McKinsey or Bain?
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like trying to figure out all,
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like the next perfect move,
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and spending a tremendous amount of time trying to figure that out.
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The Marines say you can spend all the time you want,
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but by the time you figured it out, you're dead.
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Okay?
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So like sometimes you need to make a trade-off of what
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is the action I can take with the appropriate amount of information and risk to move,
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because moving and progress is what gets us to the next step.
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So for me, I mean,
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when I was in school trying to figure out what to do after college,
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all of my friends were interviewing at investment banks and Bain and McKinsey,
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and they were getting these offer letters with six figures.
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And I was like, oh,
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my God, six figures right out of college is crazy.
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By the way, it is.
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And it is.
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For a guy that didn't take a salary for the first two years of founding Bourbon slash Instagram,
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it was really harrying to think that people can have such a salary out of college,
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and you're going to go like,
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take not a great job, right?
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That you're going to do something that's a little riskier.
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It turns out, and I mean,
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don't quote me on this,
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because your parents will kill me,
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like, it's all going to be fine, okay?
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When I told my parents that I was going to go do a startup,
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and I know we're all a bit older here,
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but like, you know, when I told my parents I was going to do a startup,
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they're like, what about health insurance?
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And I was like, oh, that's a good point.
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What about health insurance?
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So thank you, parents, for making me think of that. So let's see here.
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It was scary, but that bias towards action was like,
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there's no perfect next move.
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You just need to know that by moving and learning,
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it all adds up.
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That summation of your experience over the last 10 years is what makes you into the thing tomorrow that will be successful.
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And it just takes trying and trying and trying again.
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I mean, Instagram filters came from a photography class that I took in Florence,
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where my photography teacher gave me a square format camera called a Holga.
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It's this plastic camera that got kind of hip with hipsters.
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And anyway, he handed it to me and he said,
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you should use this.
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And as we were developing the film,
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he's like, you know, you can change the look of the image
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if you put these chemicals in the bath when you're developing the print.
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And I was like, interesting.
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So, you know, you put it in,
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like the colors start changing to this interesting purple.
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And I started thinking to myself,
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like, oh, my God, this is like awesome.
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I'm going to do it on all my prints.
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And every time I made a print,
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every one of the people in that class were like,
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the prints are so cool.
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That idea laid dormant for like five years.
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So every little experience you have,
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you may not give credit to,
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but it turns out is super important for,
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you know, being foundational in your startup going forward.
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And you'll end up kind of figuring out how it takes form in your startup going forward.
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But each and every little experience adds up.

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संदर्भ और पृष्ठभूमि

केविन सिस्ट्रॉम ने अपने करियर का आरंभ स्टैनफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय से किया था, जहाँ उन्होंने एक क्लासीफाइड विज्ञापन साइट बनाने की सोच बनाई। उन्होंने इस प्रक्रिया में सीखा कि कैसे छोटे व्यापारिक विचारों को विकसित किया जाता है और उन्हें बाजार में लाया जाता है। इस वीडियो में, वह अपने अनुभवों को साझा करते हैं, जिसमें उन्होंने बताया कि कैसे उन्होंने रुब्री ऑन रेल्स सीखा और एक सफल विचार विकसित किया। उनके अनुभवों से यह स्पष्ट होता है कि उद्यमिता में जोखिम उठाना और नई स्किल्स सीखना कितना महत्वपूर्ण है।

दैनिक संवाद के लिए शीर्ष 5 वाक्यांश

  • कैसे आप एक विचार को विकसित कर सकते हैं? (How can you develop an idea?)
  • आपको इसका निर्माण करने के लिए क्या सीखना होगा? (What do you need to learn to build it?)
  • मुझे यह नाम पसंद नहीं है। (I don't like this name.)
  • आपके आसपास के लोग कैसे मदद कर सकते हैं? (How can the people around you help?)
  • हमेशा कुछ नया सीखने के लिए तैयार रहो। (Always be ready to learn something new.)

स्टेप-बाय-स्टेप शैडोइंग गाइड

वीडियो में दी गई जानकारी को समझने के लिए, यहां कुछ चरण दिए गए हैं जिन्हें आप अनुसरण कर सकते हैं:

  1. सुनें: पहले वीडियो को ध्यान से सुनें। अंग्रेजी उच्चारण में सुधार करने के लिए ध्वनियों पर ध्यान दें। उस समय पर आप जो शब्द सुनते हैं, उनसे गहराई से सीखें।
  2. पुनरावलोकन करें: जब आप शब्दों को सुनें, उन्हें दोबारा उनके उच्चारण के साथ बोलने का प्रयास करें। यह shadowspeak तकनीक के तहत आता है, जहां आप मूल वक्ता की नकल करते हैं।
  3. शब्दों का अर्थ समझें: जो वाक्यांश आपने सुने हैं, उनका अर्थ जानने का प्रयास करें, ताकि आप उन्हें सही संदर्भ में उपयोग कर सकें।
  4. अभ्यास करें: रोजाना सुनने और बोलने के अभ्यास में विश्वास रखें। shadow speech तकनीक का उपयोग करके उन्हें उच्चारित करें।
  5. फीडबैक लें: अपने दोस्तों या शिक्षक से फीडबैक प्राप्त करें, ताकि आप अपने अंकुशों को बेहतर कर सकें।

इन चरणों के माध्यम से आप shadowspeaks और shadowspeak विधियों का उपयोग करके अपनी अंग्रेजी बोलने की क्षमता में सुधार कर सकते हैं। इस प्रक्रिया में धैर्य रखें, और नियमित अभ्यास करें ताकि आप आत्मविश्वास से संवाद कर सकें।

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?

शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।

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