跟讀練習: Architectural Design Process Explained - 通過影片學習英語口語
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Hey guys, how's it going?
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So today I want to walk you through the architectural design process from start to finish, and you can get a little sense of how we work with other professionals in the process.
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If you're new here, my name is Dami, and I am an architect in beautiful Vancouver, BC.
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On this channel, we talk about architecture and design, as well as some tools and strategies that can help us have more meaningful and fulfilling careers in architecture.
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This video is sponsored by Autodesk.
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To get started with your subscription, click on the link in the description.
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so this was a project we did for a net zero competition called race to zero
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and our team actually won first place in the multi -family
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housing category it was a multi -disciplinary team with myself
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and two architecture students a building science team
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and the developer who had already purchased the site every client
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is going to come to you with different project goals it It can be a simple functional goal, or maybe to maximize views,
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or an energy target, or improving the existing conditions.
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Whatever it is, it's very important to understand this early on and let this guide the process.
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Especially for sustainability targets, whether it's LEED or Net Zero or Passive House, or just like future -proofing the building.
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These will have a pretty big impact on the building.
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So for projects like this, it's very important to get the consultants involved earlier on in the process for an integrated design process.
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Before starting any design, we need to analyze the site to set out the constraints that our designs can respond to.
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So you're going to be looking at all the existing conditions, like the neighboring buildings, the topography, as well as potential future conditions.
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And you also want to take a look at the zoning regulations and the maximum buildable area or setbacks, the FSR.
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And actually, if you want a detailed breakdown of how we develop a massing model from the zoning requirements, check out the video right here.
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One of the most challenging and contentious things about building on urban sites is the parking.
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Most cities have minimum parking requirements because they don't want their streets to be littered with cars.
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But parking is expensive and it takes up a lot of space.
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And in this construction climate, it can sometimes make or break a project.
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So you just want to check to see if there's any parking relaxations for your site,
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which is, you know, typically dependent on your site's proximity to transit or other amenities.
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As soon as I have the site info, I start modeling things in Revit pretty early on just to understand the relationship to the site
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and develop some rough massing options for the building.
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These massing models now become the basis for your site strategy which you develop through a process called diagramming.
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In these early schematic stages, we iterate through a bunch of different diagrams to help us
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have a more high -level discussion on the direction of our design strategy without going too much into detail.
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This process can help you figure out the relationship between your building
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and the site or the building's circulation or the building's organizational strategy.
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So through the process of diagramming,
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you'll probably flush out a lot of the bad ideas and select a few ones that you or your team likes.
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You can definitely have your favorites, but you still want to try to present all of the viable options to the client.
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And I think the client always appreciates being a part of the decision -making process.
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As you present these massing options, you always want to back it up with numbers.
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whether it's a developer or a family wanting to build their first home
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if the math doesn't work out chances are the project isn't going to go through
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so you want to be really clear on how much area
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you're providing with each option one of the great things about using a BIM modeling software like Revit is
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that you can do these massing studies
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and the model is going to give you a pretty accurate
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breakdown of the areas without you actually having to calculate it manually.
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The client's going to be running their own numbers to make the project make sense financially,
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but you are responsible for showing them the areas and the quantity and the quality of the spaces that you're creating.
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There's usually a bit of back and forth with the client at the stage especially
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if the client's a developer they're going to want to maximize
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the profits on this building meaning they're going to want to maximize on the number of units in most cases
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so you need to remind them of the project's goals from
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time to time in this case for this project the most
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efficient unit layout would have been to have units on the south end
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and on the north end
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but one of the main goals for the project was to reach net zero
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or passive house standard and the building science team identified pretty early on
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that if we wanted to aim for that target we would need to use passive heating and cooling strategies
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meaning we'd need to orient the building north south this way
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every unit can take advantage of the solar gain from the south side with passive ventilation through the building.
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So there was quite a lot of back and forth during this process
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because the premium you can charge for being a net zero
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building is not quite enough to make up for an entire unit.
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That's why these types of discussions on the project's goals are really important to have early on.
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Once you figure out the general direction of the building, you start to fine tune the layout with furniture blocks or doors or windows.
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I usually print them out and overlay them with Sketch
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or I bring the base drawings into Procreate and start sketching directly on there.
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Once I got the layout on Sketch, I bring it back into Revit and the process usually goes back and forth between manual and digital.
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You might have guessed by now, drafting
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and 3d modeling is a pretty integral part of my design
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process right from the beginning i've always used autodesk products like autocad
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and revid but just this past year thanks to some of the collaborations
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that we've been doing i've been learning a lot more about the other creative industries
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that autodesk is involved in they're not just leaders in the architecture or construction industries,
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but also in manufacturing, media, entertainment.
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And they have this goal of empowering innovation everywhere to solve challenges of all scales.
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If you want to learn more about some of the innovative projects they're part of, I'm going to leave the link to my visit to the Autodesk Gallery in San Francisco right here.
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Revit is a building information modeling software with the ability to generate things like area calculations
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or window schedules or door schedules directly from the model it automates a lot of the things
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that historically architects would have had to do manually i personally
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think in order for architecture to move into the future we need to automate more
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and more things so that we can focus on the important things like designing
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and working with clients honestly i can't imagine revit not being a part of my workflow
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if you're a student they have financing options meaning with a
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valid education email you can use the product for free they also have tons of free tutorials
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and resources to help you get started to get started with your subscription click on the link in the description
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as architects we try to create order and that goes for elevations as well for this project Once again,
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because we did have this net zero target, the building science team gave us the maximum area of windows that we could have on both facades.
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We also had requirements for overhangs with a fairly strict depth.
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So working within these two constraints, you know, as well as the interior functions, you start to develop the elevation.
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Trace is probably the best tool for developing rough ideas
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because no idea is too precious and you can layer ideas one on top of another.
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You can start to develop the elevation by deciding what areas to highlight, use proportions or the golden section to break up the facade.
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Just like you did with the plans, you start diagrammatically and then you start to build in details or ideas for materials.
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Once I've got the idea, I bring it back into Revit to get a better sense of how it works in 3d
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and once I model it in 3d I do another printout of these different views
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and I just keep developing more and more iterations either on paper
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or on my iPad and it's a workflow
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that seems to work for me you know that saying a picture is worth a thousand words
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renderings are a very important part of the process because no matter how good of an explanation you have for your project,
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if you can't inspire them about how this could be, they're not going to shell out millions of dollars to build this thing.
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The rendering is the thing that sells the project to the client or the city or the stakeholders so we typically
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develop multiple renderings throughout the lifespan of the project.
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We do it during schematic design and as we develop the design and everyone gets to have feedback on the design, like the client or the city or the community.
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And through this, you refine and develop the design even more.
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Now, this covers the architectural design process in very, very broad strokes.
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And I haven't even touched on how your consultants could impact the design.
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If you're wondering about how we actually work with consultants and the role of each of the major engineers, I have a video on that.
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I'll leave it right here.
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And if you're curious about how to develop a concept for a real project, I'll leave the video right here.
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Remember to like this video if you found it helpful, subscribe if you're not already a subscriber, and hit the bell if you want to be notified as soon as I release a new video.
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I also have a newsletter and a discord port server, I'll leave the links to both in the description.
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And with that, I'll see you guys in the next video.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節口語課以影片“Architectural Design Process Explained”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：project, process, design, develop, client。 這段影片共有 80 個句子、1779 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 11:10。 說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 159 個詞，接近日常對話。 84% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| architecture 名詞 | /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/ | 建築 /建築, 建築學 /建築學 |
| passive 形容詞 | /ˈpæs.ɪv/ | 被動 /被動 |
| requirement 名詞 | /ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/ | 要求, 需求 |
| consultant 名詞 | /kənˈsʌl.tənt/ | 顧問 /顧問 |
| architect 名詞 | /ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/ | 締造者 /締造者, 創造者 /創造者 |
| layout 名詞 | /ˈleɪ.aʊt/ | 設計 /設計, 佈局 /佈局 |
| sketch 名詞 | /ˈskɛt͡ʃ/ | 草擬, 速寫 |
| maximize 動詞 | /ˈmæksəmaɪz/ | 最大化 |
| breakdown 名詞 | /ˈbɹeɪkˌdaʊn/ | 故障 |
| subscription 名詞 | /səbˈskɹɪpʃən/ | 訂閱 /訂閱, 預訂 /預訂 |
| manually 副詞 | /ˈmænj(u)əliː/ | 手動地 |
| server 名詞 | /ˈsɝvɚ/ | 伺服器 /伺服器, 伺服器 |
| curious 形容詞 | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | 好奇, 有好奇心 |
| select 動詞 | /sɪˈlɛkt/ | 選 /選, 挑選 /挑選 |
| explanation 名詞 | /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/ | 解釋 /解釋, 說明 /說明 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| figure out 動詞 | 弄清楚 | |
| check out 動詞 | 退房 | |
| go back 動詞 | 回去, 返回 | |
| go through 動詞 | 通過 /通過 | |
| set out 動詞 | /ˈsɛt‿aʊt/ | 動身 /動身 |
| work out 動詞 | /ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/ | 計算 /計算, 算出 |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 31 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 you're, they're, I'll。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: elevation /ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃn̩/, subscription /səbˈskɹɪpʃən/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, shell /ʃɛl/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: architecture /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/, developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, architectural /ˌɑɹkɪˈtɛkt͡ʃəɹəl/, manually /ˈmænj(u)əliː/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/, developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, elevation /ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃn̩/, server /ˈsɝvɚ/, solve /sɒlv/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/, requirement /ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/, consultant /kənˈsʌl.tənt/, architect /ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/, layout /ˈleɪ.aʊt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: architectural /ˌɑɹkɪˈtɛkt͡ʃəɹəl/, regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/, collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/, historically /hɪˈstɔɹɪkli/, integral /ˈɪntəɡɹəl/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 architecture, passive, requirement 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。