ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Architectural Design Process Explained
กำลังสร้างบทเรียน...
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Hey guys, how's it going?
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So today I want to walk you through the architectural design process from start to finish, and you can get a little sense of how we work with other professionals in the process.
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If you're new here, my name is Dami, and I am an architect in beautiful Vancouver, BC.
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On this channel, we talk about architecture and design, as well as some tools and strategies that can help us have more meaningful and fulfilling careers in architecture.
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This video is sponsored by Autodesk.
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To get started with your subscription, click on the link in the description.
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so this was a project we did for a net zero competition called race to zero
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and our team actually won first place in the multi -family
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housing category it was a multi -disciplinary team with myself
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and two architecture students a building science team
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and the developer who had already purchased the site every client
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is going to come to you with different project goals it It can be a simple functional goal, or maybe to maximize views,
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or an energy target, or improving the existing conditions.
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Whatever it is, it's very important to understand this early on and let this guide the process.
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Especially for sustainability targets, whether it's LEED or Net Zero or Passive House, or just like future -proofing the building.
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These will have a pretty big impact on the building.
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So for projects like this, it's very important to get the consultants involved earlier on in the process for an integrated design process.
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Before starting any design, we need to analyze the site to set out the constraints that our designs can respond to.
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So you're going to be looking at all the existing conditions, like the neighboring buildings, the topography, as well as potential future conditions.
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And you also want to take a look at the zoning regulations and the maximum buildable area or setbacks, the FSR.
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And actually, if you want a detailed breakdown of how we develop a massing model from the zoning requirements, check out the video right here.
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One of the most challenging and contentious things about building on urban sites is the parking.
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Most cities have minimum parking requirements because they don't want their streets to be littered with cars.
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But parking is expensive and it takes up a lot of space.
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And in this construction climate, it can sometimes make or break a project.
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So you just want to check to see if there's any parking relaxations for your site,
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which is, you know, typically dependent on your site's proximity to transit or other amenities.
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As soon as I have the site info, I start modeling things in Revit pretty early on just to understand the relationship to the site
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and develop some rough massing options for the building.
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These massing models now become the basis for your site strategy which you develop through a process called diagramming.
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In these early schematic stages, we iterate through a bunch of different diagrams to help us
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have a more high -level discussion on the direction of our design strategy without going too much into detail.
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This process can help you figure out the relationship between your building
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and the site or the building's circulation or the building's organizational strategy.
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So through the process of diagramming,
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you'll probably flush out a lot of the bad ideas and select a few ones that you or your team likes.
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You can definitely have your favorites, but you still want to try to present all of the viable options to the client.
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And I think the client always appreciates being a part of the decision -making process.
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As you present these massing options, you always want to back it up with numbers.
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whether it's a developer or a family wanting to build their first home
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if the math doesn't work out chances are the project isn't going to go through
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so you want to be really clear on how much area
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you're providing with each option one of the great things about using a BIM modeling software like Revit is
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that you can do these massing studies
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and the model is going to give you a pretty accurate
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breakdown of the areas without you actually having to calculate it manually.
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The client's going to be running their own numbers to make the project make sense financially,
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but you are responsible for showing them the areas and the quantity and the quality of the spaces that you're creating.
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There's usually a bit of back and forth with the client at the stage especially
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if the client's a developer they're going to want to maximize
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the profits on this building meaning they're going to want to maximize on the number of units in most cases
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so you need to remind them of the project's goals from
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time to time in this case for this project the most
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efficient unit layout would have been to have units on the south end
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and on the north end
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but one of the main goals for the project was to reach net zero
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or passive house standard and the building science team identified pretty early on
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that if we wanted to aim for that target we would need to use passive heating and cooling strategies
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meaning we'd need to orient the building north south this way
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every unit can take advantage of the solar gain from the south side with passive ventilation through the building.
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So there was quite a lot of back and forth during this process
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because the premium you can charge for being a net zero
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building is not quite enough to make up for an entire unit.
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That's why these types of discussions on the project's goals are really important to have early on.
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Once you figure out the general direction of the building, you start to fine tune the layout with furniture blocks or doors or windows.
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I usually print them out and overlay them with Sketch
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or I bring the base drawings into Procreate and start sketching directly on there.
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Once I got the layout on Sketch, I bring it back into Revit and the process usually goes back and forth between manual and digital.
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You might have guessed by now, drafting
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and 3d modeling is a pretty integral part of my design
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process right from the beginning i've always used autodesk products like autocad
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and revid but just this past year thanks to some of the collaborations
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that we've been doing i've been learning a lot more about the other creative industries
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that autodesk is involved in they're not just leaders in the architecture or construction industries,
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but also in manufacturing, media, entertainment.
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And they have this goal of empowering innovation everywhere to solve challenges of all scales.
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If you want to learn more about some of the innovative projects they're part of, I'm going to leave the link to my visit to the Autodesk Gallery in San Francisco right here.
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Revit is a building information modeling software with the ability to generate things like area calculations
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or window schedules or door schedules directly from the model it automates a lot of the things
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that historically architects would have had to do manually i personally
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think in order for architecture to move into the future we need to automate more
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and more things so that we can focus on the important things like designing
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and working with clients honestly i can't imagine revit not being a part of my workflow
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if you're a student they have financing options meaning with a
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valid education email you can use the product for free they also have tons of free tutorials
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and resources to help you get started to get started with your subscription click on the link in the description
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as architects we try to create order and that goes for elevations as well for this project Once again,
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because we did have this net zero target, the building science team gave us the maximum area of windows that we could have on both facades.
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We also had requirements for overhangs with a fairly strict depth.
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So working within these two constraints, you know, as well as the interior functions, you start to develop the elevation.
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Trace is probably the best tool for developing rough ideas
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because no idea is too precious and you can layer ideas one on top of another.
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You can start to develop the elevation by deciding what areas to highlight, use proportions or the golden section to break up the facade.
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Just like you did with the plans, you start diagrammatically and then you start to build in details or ideas for materials.
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Once I've got the idea, I bring it back into Revit to get a better sense of how it works in 3d
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and once I model it in 3d I do another printout of these different views
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and I just keep developing more and more iterations either on paper
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or on my iPad and it's a workflow
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that seems to work for me you know that saying a picture is worth a thousand words
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renderings are a very important part of the process because no matter how good of an explanation you have for your project,
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if you can't inspire them about how this could be, they're not going to shell out millions of dollars to build this thing.
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The rendering is the thing that sells the project to the client or the city or the stakeholders so we typically
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develop multiple renderings throughout the lifespan of the project.
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We do it during schematic design and as we develop the design and everyone gets to have feedback on the design, like the client or the city or the community.
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And through this, you refine and develop the design even more.
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Now, this covers the architectural design process in very, very broad strokes.
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And I haven't even touched on how your consultants could impact the design.
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If you're wondering about how we actually work with consultants and the role of each of the major engineers, I have a video on that.
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I'll leave it right here.
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And if you're curious about how to develop a concept for a real project, I'll leave the video right here.
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Remember to like this video if you found it helpful, subscribe if you're not already a subscriber, and hit the bell if you want to be notified as soon as I release a new video.
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I also have a newsletter and a discord port server, I'll leave the links to both in the description.
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And with that, I'll see you guys in the next video.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Architectural Design Process Explained” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: project, process, design, develop, client วิดีโอนี้มี 80 ประโยค และ 1779 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 11:10 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 159 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน 84% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| architecture คำนาม | /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/ | สถาปัตยกรรม |
| consultant คำนาม | /kənˈsʌl.tənt/ | ที่ปรึกษา |
| architect คำนาม | /ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/ | สถาปนิก |
| sketch คำนาม | /ˈskɛt͡ʃ/ | งานร่าง |
| server คำนาม | /ˈsɝvɚ/ | เซิร์ฟเวอร์ |
| select คำกริยา | /sɪˈlɛkt/ | คัดเลือก |
| explanation คำนาม | /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/ | การอธิบาย |
| solve คำกริยา | /sɒlv/ | แก้, แก้ไข |
| layer คำนาม | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | ชั้น |
| shell คำนาม | /ʃɛl/ | กระดอง, เปลือก |
| remind คำกริยา | /ɹəˈmaɪnd/ | เตือน |
| innovation คำนาม | /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/ | นวัตกรรม |
| manual คำนาม | /ˈmæn.j(u)əl/ | คู่มือ |
| furniture คำนาม | /ˈfɝ.nɪ.t͡ʃɚ/ | เฟอร์นิเจอร์, เครื่องเรือน |
| ton คำนาม | /tʌn/ | ตัน, โตน |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| go back คำกริยา | กลับไป |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 31 ครั้ง เช่น you're, they're, I'll ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: elevation /ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃn̩/, subscription /səbˈskɹɪpʃən/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, shell /ʃɛl/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: architecture /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/, developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, architectural /ˌɑɹkɪˈtɛkt͡ʃəɹəl/, manually /ˈmænj(u)əliː/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/, sketch /ˈskɛt͡ʃ/, maximize /ˈmæksəmaɪz/, architectural /ˌɑɹkɪˈtɛkt͡ʃəɹəl/, curious /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/, developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, elevation /ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃn̩/, server /ˈsɝvɚ/, solve /sɒlv/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: maximize /ˈmæksəmaɪz/, transit /ˈtɹæn.zɪt/, analyze /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/, organizational /ˌɔː(ɹ)ɡənɪˈzeɪʃənəl/, newsletter /ˈn(j)uzˌlɛtɚ/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง architecture, consultant, architect เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ