ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Is Chongqing REALLY a Cyberpunk City?

There's a city that people are calling the real -life cyberpunk city.

So I went there to see if it was true.

It's a city in central China called Chongqing.

It's also been dubbed the largest city in the world, or the 8D city.

Because the ground plane seems to break the very notion of a ground.

And the cyberpunk thing is real, but underneath all the neon, there's a much stranger story.

Like, how did this place even get built?

So, Chongqing, is it the real cyberpunk city?

And the reality is very different from what you see on screen.

And I wanted to start here.

Here!

Because Chongqing is known for their hot pot.

But also, you can understand a lot about Chongqing from this place.

This is actually a bomb shelter.

The whole place is about 20 ,000 square meters, 18 tunnels, 6 meters wide,

6 meters high, and the longest one runs about half a kilometer straight into rock.

And Chongqing is full of these.

More than 1 ,600 of them.

Over a million square meters of tunnel sitting underneath the city.

A lot of them are from the Second World War, from the Japanese attacks.

But this one is from the 70s, from the Cold War.

It was dug in for a weapons factory that moved here so the Soviets couldn't get to them.

But all of this, this cyberpunk city, and the Chongqing that you know, sits on top of this underground city.

But why here?

See, Chongqing sits right where these two rivers meet.

It's squeezed between water and extremely steep ground on every side.

That's about a 60 -story building of climb all within downtown, which is why they call it the Mountain City.

And in 1937, the Chinese government was retreating from the Japanese, which had already taken the coastal cities.

And for their new base, they picked here because the only way in was by boat through these gorges

and it had a long foggy season so it was hard to invade

and it was hard to bomb accurately

and with this new government base everything followed they took the factories apart in shanghai

and in wuhan and they put the machines on boats

and they dragged them up the river through the gorges while they were being bombed.

243 of those factories ended up here.

Then universities came, ministries came and behind all of them, everyone who didn't really want to live under occupation.

This is when Chongqing experienced the first massive growth.

But all of this concentration of people also made Chongqing a great target.

when i was there one day i started to hear these sirens

and it turned out this happens every year on the exact day june 5th

because from 1938 to 1943 japan carried out one of the longest sustained bombing campaigns in history,

218 raids and about 33 ,000 dead.

And on this day in 1941, about 2 ,500 people suffocated inside a tunnel.

And it's called the Great Tunnel Tragedy.

And the sirens mark this day.

But something else happened during this time.

The Chinese government pulled Shangjing out of Sichuan province

and made it report directly to the central government and they kept the status for about 15 years.

So that was the first time they drew the line.

And about 50 years later, they did it again.

But the second time, they drew it much bigger.

A cyberpunk city has this multi -layered density.

And one of the claims about Chongqing is that it's this 8D city

and the largest city in the world with 32 million people.

But that is technically wrong.

When you Google Chongqing, this is what you get.

But the cyberpunk part, the part that you see, is just this tiny area right here.

But Chongqing actually covers all of this because Chongqing isn't really a city.

It's more like a province.

And that distinction is actually very important.

The reason it became more like a province, it has to do with this dam, which was built because of the Yangtze River,

which was very problematic for a very long time, and it caused floods and killed thousands of people.

But building it meant the water behind it would rise more than 100 meters, and it would back up about 600 kilometers.

Meaning, All of these cities and towns and villages that's home to more than a million people would end up underwater, but they decided to build it anyways.

So most of these people would have to move.

And that's a lot of people to coordinate.

So in 1997, the Chinese government decided to redraw the line again,

but this time much bigger and turn it into a direct administered municipality, meaning you You get your own budget,

your own land, and a direct line to Beijing.

There's only four cities like this in the whole country.

And this border put 30 million people under one government.

And from here, everything starts to become a completely different order of magnitude.

So the verticality and the density and all of it kind of went up in the next 20 years, not a hundred.

And building a city that fast on an insane terrain like this, It does something to the buildings.

I am in the second most popular spot here, called Qi Xing Lao.

And as you can see behind me, there's some ladies dancing.

There are certain things here in China that's very true to the stereotype.

But this square became very famous, attracting tourists from everywhere all over the world because of this very,

very strange phenomenon right here.

And you see things like this in other places as well, which is why they call it the AD city.

So this is considered the third highest outdoor escalator in all of Asia.

It's about 100 meters long and it rises about 50 meters high.

And it's considered public transit, so you can get in here with your public transit card.

this is a 24 -story residential complex built in the 90s

and it's famous for not having any elevators oh my god the story is

that they ran out of money so they put in these crisscross stairs instead

but maybe it's also by design because the hill kind of is the elevator

and it can only work because of the terrain.

The buildings have three separate entrances at three different elevations, and each one connects to a different street.

So you kind of have three ground floors.

It's called Bai Xiang Zhu, or Wang Longmen High Rise Residential Group, and it was completed in 1992 as work unit housing.

But this is the weird part.

See, I just walked into a private property, and we just wanted some noodles but I'm pretty sure this was just someone's house

because these corridors are also a shortcut from one street to another

so it's a piece of public street

that kind of happens to run through people's homes

and there's lots of these little interior courtyards

and it kind of becomes a natural gathering place for the community

and it also kind of speaks to how safe it is here.

100

But it's also weird.

101

I could see people's personal stuff, like their laundry and their shoes.

102

Well, what I learned here is that the concept of privacy and personal space here in China is very, very different.

103

But also, it's very open.

104

This building actually became very popular because of a movie called Chongqing Hot Pot.

105

And ever since then, it's become a tour spot.

106

And there's all of these souvenir stands.

107

And, well, let's just say it's not the easiest place to get around.

108

See, I think the reason why Chongqing feels so disorienting is not necessarily because of the height and the density.

109

I think it's because it blurs what we understand as public and private and ground and no ground.

110

Because the ground is kind of a baseline for us to orient ourselves.

111

And it's like a datum line.

112

And it's a place where we start counting the floors.

113

And in most cities, the ground is also the cultural anchor.

114

But here, you have multiple grounds.

115

But let's compare that to Hong Kong, which in our last video, I said it's the city without ground.

116

And it's actually about four times steeper than the Chongqing Peninsula.

117

But you don't get this feeling of this 8D city.

118

And there is actually a fundamental difference.

119

Hong Kong's solution was to literally leave the ground and build a second ground that weaves in and out of private buildings.

120

So that second ground also belongs to whoever owns the building.

121

And it leads to a serious lack of public space.

122

And situations like this.

123

Chongqing is not nearly as efficient as Hong Kong.

124

In fact, it's kind of hard to get around.

125

We're lost.

126

But Chongqing's ground are streets.

127

And a street is public by default.

128

And there is actually a legal reason for this.

129

The city builds the roads first, and then it auctions off the plots between them.

130

So a developer leases a piece of land

131

that already has roads touching in at least two

132

or three different heights and they simply build around them

133

but this system it actually only goes back to the 90s

134

and it turns out they've been building like this for a

135

very long time by the way all of the research

136

and custom assets that we made for this video like the section drawings

137

and the models and all of the fact check we left in our research site, which we made using Framer, who is also the sponsor of today's video.

138

Framer is the AI design agent for every step, from the first idea to a live launch.

139

Every one of our research pages share the same bones, the top bar, the color palette, the type, and the way a chapter opens.

140

For a while, that meant rebuilding those decisions by hand for every video.

141

But now, we've taught the agent how our team works as a skill, our design system, and the steps we repeat.

142

So when we started this booklet, it already knew the rules and built the page our way in one go.

143

Xiangxing is a city in section, so we really wanted the page to read like one.

144

Levels stacked in depth, with the train running through them.

145

The agent built that stack, and everything it makes stays editable on the same canvas we design on.

146

So the whole team can work on it together, in real time.

147

When it's right, you click publish.

148

That's it.

149

The research page is linked in the description along with a framer link

150

and a discount code if you guys want to try it out.

151

This is Xibati which translates into 18 steps.

152

There's a lot more than 18 here as you can see and it actually connects the upper and lower parts of Chongqing.

153

See, the peninsula was walled in the 1370s with the dock down at the water and the town up on the bridge.

154

And they actually still call them that, the lower city and the upper city.

155

And for about 650 years, the only way between them was to climb.

156

And the houses kind of did the same.

157

These are the building methods that they've been using for centuries.

158

Zutai, cut into the slope, Diao Jiao, prop it into the ground, or Pa Shan, step the building up the contour.

159

And over hundreds of years of building like this, the front door kind of stops being a fixed thing.

160

So Bai Zhangjiu is just a newer version of this very old tradition.

161

So this is the famous train station that goes through the building.

162

And all of these people are here to see the train pass through the building.

163

I don't know, I guess it's impressive.

164

It's a little underwhelming, I guess.

165

Yeah, I was very confused.

166

And then I found out all of these people are trying to get this shot.

167

It's actually a very interesting structural problem.

168

Trains are dynamic, they vibrate, and you need to brake.

169

But buildings need stability.

170

So even though it looks like a single structure, they're actually separated by a 20 centimeter gap.

171

So those two things never actually touch.

172

The engineer who led the project, he puts it like this.

173

You could knock down the apartment tomorrow, and the train would still keep running.

174

He says the noise inside is actually much lower than what you would expect, and it gets down to a comfortable conversational level.

175

But the reason it looks like this is because of a very unique condition.

176

The developer had already bought the rights to this parcel, and here it means you lease it from the state for a mixed -use apartment block for 40 to 50 years,

177

and they were planning to build a normal residential tower.

178

But then the city's monorail plan came through and they said, we need to stop like right here.

179

Now, there's the river on one side and the cliff on the other.

180

So you're confined in this direction.

181

And both of them did look at moving and rerouting the line or the developer maybe taking another plot.

182

And in the end, they worked out that moving actually costs more than sharing.

183

So nobody moved.

184

They built both of them on one plot.

185

The station runs on these three floors with residential on top and commercial on the bottom.

186

The engineer had a...

187

Very interesting word for what they came up with.

188

Jiangzhu, making do, a compromise.

189

And this compromise was extremely complicated.

190

They went through at least six major revisions over two years.

191

And I think the only reason it was possible is

192

because every project at the time was pointed at a single goal and getting there fast.

193

Because starting in the late 90s, there was a national program called Go West.

194

It was a policy to develop China's Western interior, which meant tax breaks, low -interest loans from the state bank,

195

and transfers straight from Beijing.

196

And this monorail line was actually one of the key projects in this program.

197

So when the line reached this parcel and there was a building in the way, going through was just the cheapest and the fastest option.

198

And in all of that Go West movement, there was also this goal of developing distinctive tourism.

199

But you see the same mechanism as Bai Xiangju, of public infrastructure going straight through a private property.

200

But this, this recent internet thing, that's actually something else entirely.

201

this is probably one of the most photographed scenes from Chongqing.

202

I came here expecting there to be like multiple and multiple blocks of neon, but it's actually just this one little corner.

203

It's really designed specifically for the vertical.

204

This is what it looked like in the horizontal view, but in the vertical, this is what it looks like.

205

Pretty big difference.

206

This block is actually a shopping center that opened in 1999

207

and all of this neon they did it just five years ago for marketing

208

and that same year 10 city departments put out a joint plan called sleepless chongqing 33 designated night market streets

209

and 13 demonstration streets but it turns out sleepless chongqing is not

210

that sleepless i ended up getting this room that has this 270 degree view

211

the city but the lights they turn off at 11 o 'clock all of this neon

212

and this insane density of signs

213

and lights stacked on top of everything i find this part actually really interesting

214

if you remember my video from last time about hong kong

215

and how the cityscape became the inspiration for ghosts in the shawl

216

but there the neon happened organically it was a very natural urban fabric

217

and it was built out of hundreds of shopkeepers competing for

218

attention in a very cramped street with handmade signs bent over in flame by master craftsmen.

219

And that accidental commercial logic became the visual signature of Ghost in the Shell

220

and of Blade Runner and basically the entire cyberpunk genre.

221

But then Hong Kong started taking the signs down because of safety regulations and replacements with LED.

222

The original is dying, But here, it's getting built.

223

This is the iconic structure that kind of looks like the bathhouse and spirited away.

224

It's called Hong Yadong.

225

But this particular structure was actually built 20 years ago.

226

It's completely new.

227

This is what was there before.

228

During the war, this whole area was a thriving wharf.

229

It brought in all kinds of goods, especially paper and salt.

230

And along the cliff were stilt houses of people working in this area.

231

If you remember from our construction typologies, these are called Dai Jiao Lao.

232

But over time, the shipments stopped coming, and the buildings were deteriorating.

233

And in 1993, they cleared the house to build this road.

234

And most people moved out.

235

Then fast forward to 2006.

236

The site was purchased by a developer,

237

and it was redeveloped to look exactly like before except now it's a single development designed for tourism.

238

You could say that the commercialization kind of saved the history.

239

There are so many people.

240

They even brought back the name Paper Salt River Street.

241

Nobody outside Chongqing knew this place before, but now they get about 100 ,000 visitors a day.

242

And this is actually something you see all the time in China.

243

I went to this historic city near the Great Wall, and it was actually a brand new resort built 10 years ago.

244

Even this tile is actually brand new.

245

So many places were like this.

246

They don't just rebuild a replica of the old.

247

They really commercialize the hell out of it.

248

so the question is is chong ching a real cyberpunk city in a way but not because of this

249

a cyberpunk world is where everything your history and your language

250

and your culture has been turned into something to sell

251

so in that way i do think it's kind of true But I think there's something else going on here.

252

You don't really come to Chongqing to experience it.

253

You come here for the image.

254

There's this concept called hyperreality.

255

This French philosopher Jean Baudrillard wrote an entire essay on it.

256

And I actually learned about this concept in architecture school, but it's finally really making sense to me now.

257

Essentially, it's a copy whose original is gone and the copy is more real than the thing itself.

258

For example, you take a picture of a place, people come to see the picture, so the place starts building itself to look more like the picture.

259

He actually lays it out in stages.

260

The image reflects something real and then it distorts that real thing.

261

And then it hides the fact that there's nothing real behind it.

262

And then finally, it has no relation to anything real.

263

It's kind of its own thing until the picture is the only thing people come for.

264

And then the city builds itself around that.

265

The viewing platform and the entire industry organized to deliver this beautiful image.

266

So what you get is just a very flattened version of the city.

267

When Chongqing is actually way more interesting.

268

It's very safe and people are super nice.

269

Oh, thank you.

270

But at the same time, it is working international visitors almost tripled in a year

271

and I mean I'm also here for the image

272

and I got to see so much more of China

273

because of that and it was just a few years ago a place

274

that I thought was a surveillance dystopia I can't help

275

but think about this quote from William Gibson who some people

276

say is the father of cyberpunk he says cyberspace is a

277

consensual hallucination with millions of people agreeing on something that's not there

278

and when we experience the world through social media how do we know what's real

279

and what's not and how do we know

280

when something becomes a collective hallucination

281

so what do you guys think by the way i have a newsletter

282

and we share some projects that's not in the videos so

283

if you want to sign up i'll leave the link in the description And with that, I'll see you guys in the next video.

284

Bye!

📺 ช่องเดียวกัน

This New Pyramid Theory Explains the Missing Evidence

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults

Architectural Design Process Explained

Daily ConversationUniversity Students

✨ วิดีโอแนะนำ

218 ประโยค

คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

วิดีโอนี้มี 284 ประโยค และ 3367 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 23:04 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วสม่ำเสมอ ประมาณ 146 คำต่อนาที เหมาะกับการฝึกพูดตาม 85% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์	คำอ่าน	ความหมาย
meter คำนาม	/ˈmitəɹ/	มิเตอร์
neon คำนาม	/ˈniˌɑn/	นีออน
density คำนาม	/ˈdɛn.sə.ti/	ความหนาแน่น
tunnel คำนาม	/ˈtʌn(ə)l/	อุโมงค์
province คำนาม	/ˈpɹɔv.ɪns/	จังหวัด, แขวง
insane คำคุณศัพท์	/ɪnˈseɪn/	บ้า
connect คำกริยา	/kəˈnɛkt/	เชื่อม, ต่อ
tourism คำนาม	/ˈtʊɹɪzəm/	การท่องเที่ยว
climb คำกริยา	/ˈklaɪ̯m/	ปีน, ขึ้น
vertical คำคุณศัพท์	/ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəl/	ตั้งฉาก, ตั้งตรง
cliff คำนาม	/klɪf/	ผา
peninsula คำนาม	/pəˈnɪn.sə.lə/	คาบสมุทร
terrain คำนาม	/təˈɹeɪn/	ภูมิประเทศ, ลักษณะภูมิประเทศ
parcel คำนาม	/ˈpɑɹsəl/	ห่อของ, ห่อพัสดุ
necessarily คำกริยาวิเศษณ์	/ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/	ต้อง

กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

คำศัพท์	คำอ่าน	ความหมาย
carry out คำกริยา	/ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/	กระทำ

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 18 ครั้ง เช่น don't, I'll, I'm ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

เสียง “th”: underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, gather /ˈɡæðɚ/, thrive /θɹajv/, bathhouse /ˈbæθˌhaʊs/
เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: residential /ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, inspiration /ˌɪn.spɪˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, relation /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: residential /ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl/, developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, peninsula /pəˈnɪn.sə.lə/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง meter, neon, density เป็นพิเศษ

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้าง	ในวิดีโอ
Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — การกระทำที่เริ่มก่อนหน้านี้และยังดำเนินอยู่	they've been building · they've been using
Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ	been dubbed · is known · was dug
Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ	downtown, which is · everyone who didn · dam, which was
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน	we've taught · has been turned

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →

ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Is Chongqing REALLY a Cyberpunk City?

This New Pyramid Theory Explains the Missing Evidence

Architectural Design Process Explained

No Boss, No Money: The Raw Reality of China’s Gen-Z Freelancers

The unpopular idea that would save San Francisco

THIS Is Where the Internet Lives

Visiting the COLDEST CITY in the World (-71°C, -96°F) YAKUTSK / YAKUTIA

How Muslims Survive in China's Land of Pork!

Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 10 URBAN PLANNING 21st century

China's biggest coffee chain looks to brew up business in US

New York's Buckling Tower: What Happens Now?

China's competition for living space | DW Documentary

I Investigated The World's Skinniest vs Fattest City

How Vietnamese Tunnels Outsmarted the U.S. Military

The 7 Trillion AI Gamble Is Failing. Big Tech is TRAPPED Right NOW.