跟读练习: Database Administrators Career Video - 通过视频学习英语口语
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1
Database administrators are experts in storing and organizing data so that users can access the information they need, while keeping out unwelcome visitors.
2
These IT professionals play a vital role in many industries— finance, shipping, healthcare, and others— that obtain and store sensitive, private data.
3
Database administrators oversee the development of new databases… by analyzing the need for the database, clarifying the goals it’s intended to fulfill, and identifying its users.
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Once the database is established, they monitor its performance and make improvements.
5
Since many users rely on databases to accomplish their daily work, database administrators regularly back-up systems to prevent data loss, and establish steps to ensure the integrity of data that enters the system.
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When issues occur, they also find and fix sometimes deeply complex problems.
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Most database administrators work in computer systems design, data hosting, and data processing companies.
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There are also positions at insurance companies, banks and retailers, education services, and healthcare organizations.
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Almost all work full time.
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Database administrators usually have a bachelor’s degree in management information systems or a computer-related field.
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Firms that manage large databases may prefer candidates with a master’s degree in a database-management related field.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“Database Administrators Career Video”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：database, administrators, users。 这段视频共有 11 个句子、197 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 1:26。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 137 个词，很适合跟读。 只有 74% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| database 名词 | /ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/ | 數據庫 /数据库 |
| administrator 名词 | /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stɹeɪ.tɚ/ | 管理員 /管理员, 管理者 |
| establish 动词 | /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ | 確定 /确定 |
| occur 动词 | /əˈkɜː/ | 發生 /发生 |
| sensitive 形容词 | /ˈsɛn.sɪt.ɪv/ | 敏感 |
| deeply 副词 | /ˈdi(ː)pli/ | 深, 深深 |
| obtain 动词 | /əbˈteɪn/ | 獲得 /获得 |
| vital 形容词 | /ˈvaɪtəl/ | 生命的 |
| monitor 名词 | /ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/ | 顯示器 /显示器 |
| rely 动词 | /ɹɪˈlaɪ/ | 依賴 /依赖, 依靠 |
| integrity 名词 | /ɪnˈtɛɡɹəti/ | 正直 |
| intend 动词 | /ɪnˈtɛnd/ | 打算, 想要 |
| accomplish 动词 | /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/ | 達到 /达到 |
| visitor 名词 | /ˈvɪzɪtɚ/ | 訪客 /访客, 客人 |
| organize 动词 | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | 組織 /组织 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| keep out 动词 | 不進入 /不进入 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is established |
需要注意的发音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: administrator /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stɹeɪ.tɚ/, integrity /ɪnˈtɛɡɹəti/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: sensitive /ˈsɛn.sɪt.ɪv/, vital /ˈvaɪtəl/, visitor /ˈvɪzɪtɚ/, oversee /ˌəʊ.vəˈsiː/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: database /ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, sensitive /ˈsɛn.sɪt.ɪv/, intend /ɪnˈtɛnd/, accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: rely /ɹɪˈlaɪ/, clarify /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.faɪ/, retailer /ˈɹiteɪlɚ/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 database, administrator, establish 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。