跟读练习: Did Smoking Kill Rock and Roll? The Nirvana Smoking Controversy - 通过视频学习英语口语
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98 句
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So the other night, the surviving members of Nirvana, Chris, Dave, and Pat,
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received an award called the Vanguard Award at the Video Music Awards for their contribution to music video making
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and their enduring legacy, which is enormous.
以及他们所留下的影响深远、意义重大的遗产。
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Nirvana is enormously popular still to this day.
涅槃乐队直到今天依然广受欢迎。
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But one of the only things that people were talking about the next day is
但第二天人们唯一在讨论的事情之一就是
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that Pat Smear lit up a cigarette on stage while they were accepting the award.
帕特·斯密尔在他们领奖时于台上点燃了一支香烟。
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To someone that grew up in the 1960s, you don't even notice those things or it didn't even occur to me because it's something I grew up with.
对于一个在20世纪60年代长大的人来说，你根本不会注意到这些事情，或者说我根本就不会想到这些，因为这是我从小到大一直熟悉的事物。
8
In the 1960s, I looked it up, 42 % of adults smoked.
我查过资料，在二十世纪六十年代，有42%的成年人吸烟。
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So four in 10 people, which is astounding because today it's 9 .9%.
也就是说，每十个人里就有四个人，这一比例令人震惊，因为如今这一比例是9.9%。
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That is a dramatic change.
这是一个巨大的变化。
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That's in the U .S.
那是在美国。
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Smoking was so common.
吸烟在当时非常普遍。
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Both of my parents smoked.
我的父母都抽烟。
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Pretty much every adult I knew smoked.
我认识的成年人几乎个个都抽烟。
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People smoked in cars.
人们曾在车里吸烟。
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They smoked in planes.
他们过去常在飞机上吸烟。
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The first plane ride I ever took in 1967 going from Rochester to Detroit, there was a smoking section on the plane.
我1967年第一次坐飞机，从罗切斯特飞往底特律，那架飞机上设有吸烟区。
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You never thought about it.
你从来没考虑过这件事。
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Fast forward to last year at the NAMM show.
时间快进到去年的NAMM展会。
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Now there's like 150 ,000 people that come to the NAMM show
现在大约有15万人参加NAMM展会。
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and i remember seeing someone smoke like one person
我记得看到有一个人在抽烟
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and walking by them and i was like whoa somebody's smoking now this is something
我路过他们身边时，心里还在想，哇，有人在抽烟啊，这可真有意思。
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that was so ubiquitous growing up that it never even occurred to you
在我们成长的过程中，这种东西随处可见，你甚至根本不会特意去想它。
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but it stuck in my mind and i get back home
但这件事一直萦绕在我脑海里，我回到家后还是忘不掉。
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and i remember driving to dylan to school the next day
我还记得第二天开车送迪伦去学校的情景
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and i was like hey dylan does anybody smoke at school
我就问他，嘿，迪伦，学校里有人抽烟吗？
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he was a senior in high school last year he's like
他去年是高中三年级的学生，他就像
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what do you mean does anyone smoke do the kids smoke
你这话什么意思，是说有人抽烟吗，还是说孩子们会抽烟？
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stand outside smoke he goes nobody smokes i mean not only does nobody smoke
站在外面抽烟，他走了，没人抽烟，我的意思是不仅没人抽烟
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but they all are on creatine and protein shakes
但他们全都在服用肌酸、喝蛋白粉增肌饮料
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and all this kind of stuff
诸如此类的事情
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and they're all trying to you know be as fit as
而且他们都在努力，你知道的，尽可能保持健康的状态。
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possible he's nobody smokes why would people smoke i said they had smoking sections
说不定他根本就不抽烟，大家为什么要抽烟呢，我之前说过他们有吸烟区。
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when i was in in junior high
我上初中的时候
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or in high school 16 year olds could smoke and they would they'd stand outside and they would smoke before school.
或者在高中的时候，16岁的学生可以吸烟，他们会站在外面，在上学前抽烟。
36
They'd smoke after school.
他们放学后会抽烟。
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They'd smoke on lunch, break, whatever.
他们会在午餐时间、休息时间或者任何时候抽烟。
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The teachers would also smoke.
老师们也会抽烟。
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As a matter of fact, when I taught college, this is back in 1987, before they started outlawing it in New York State or inside,
事实上，我在大学任教的时候，那还是1987年，当时纽约州还没有开始禁止这种做法，或者说还没有在校园里禁止。
40
my old guitar teacher, Steve Brown, that I shared an office with, Steve smoked.
我以前的吉他老师史蒂夫·布朗，以前和我共用一间办公室，他是抽烟的。
41
And he would routinely smoke in our office.
而且他以前经常在我们办公室抽烟。
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He had his ashtray on his desk and everything.
他桌上还摆着烟灰缸，什么都有。
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He would smoke and i never thought about it he would open the window
他会抽烟，我从来没多想过，他会把窗户打开。
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and stuff as a matter of fact going back to grad
事实上，还有其他一些事情，得追溯到我读研究生的时候。
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school my guitar teacher mick goodrick smoked in every single lesson chain smoked
我的吉他老师米克·古德里奇在每一节课上都抽烟，一根接一根地抽。
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so at new england conservatory you'd go up to the second floor where the lesson rooms were
在新英格兰音乐学院，你要上到二楼，那里是琴房所在的地方。
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and they'd have big glass doors on them
而且它们上面还装着大大的玻璃门。
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and there was a massive window that sunlight would come in
还有一扇巨大的窗户，阳光会透过它照进来。
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and you'd go there and i'd look in to see
你会去那里，而我会往里看。
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if mick was there and the smoke was so thick
如果米克当时在那里，而且烟雾又那么浓
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when he was teaching a lesson you could not see who was playing guitar with him in there it was
他上课的时候，你根本看不到里面是谁在和他一起弹吉他。
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so covered in smoke did i ever say anything about it
当时烟雾太浓了，我有说过这件事吗？
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no i never thought about it i played in a band with three smokers everyone smoked at every club
没有，我从来没想过这个问题，我以前待的乐队里有三个烟民，而且在每个演出的俱乐部里所有人都抽烟
54
that you went to when they were just hanging out every musician not me
你以前常去的那个地方，当时他们只是聚在一起玩，都是些音乐人，没我。
55
but every musician i knew smoked if you go back and look at videos go back to nirvana on MTV Unplugged.
但我认识的每个音乐人都抽烟，你回头去看那些视频，比如涅槃乐队在MTV不插电演唱会上的演出就知道了。
56
Go back in the 90s, in the 80s, in the 70s, in the 60s.
回到90年代、80年代、70年代、60年代。
57
If you watch Get Back, all four of the Beatles smoked and they smoke all the time.
如果你看《Get Back》，会发现披头士四人都抽烟，而且烟不离手。
58
If you take a look at these pictures and videos, Aretha Franklin, Miles Davis smoking in the background while Coltrane's taking a solo on So What.
如果你看看这些照片和视频，艾瑞莎·富兰克林、迈尔斯·戴维斯在背景里抽着烟，而柯川正在独奏《那又怎样》。
59
Jimi Hendrix having a smoke here.
吉米·亨德里克斯在这里抽了根烟。
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Mick Jagger, Joni, they're doing it while they're playing, they're doing it while they're reading, when they're looking like badasses.
米克·贾格尔、乔妮，他们玩的时候在做这件事，看书的时候也在做，就连摆出一副酷炸天的样子时也在做。
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The Clash, David Bowie, Jim Croce smoked cigars, Neil Schoen smoked, Edward, Bono, everybody smokes.
冲击乐队、大卫·鲍伊、吉姆·克罗斯都抽雪茄，尼尔·舍恩抽，爱德华、博诺，所有人都抽。
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Everybody smoked.
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Glenn Frey, Don Henley, Madonna, Kirk, and James both smoked. Who knew?
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Lane Staley, Josh Homme, Amy Winehouse, even Joe Dirt smoked.
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Every huge artist smoked.
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Many of them that I've interviewed i've asked them off camera how long did you smoke
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and why did you smoke
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and invariably they said they thought it helped their voice the ones
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that were singers and i said in what way it made it raspier i thought
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that it was uh helped my tone if you think of someone like frank sinatra
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or nat king cole they smoked all the time
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and you can actually hear it in the sound of their voice many smokers pay the price improving their voice
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when they're younger but completely hurting their voice as they age.
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It really destroyed their voices.
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If you hear Frank Sinatra later in life, he didn't have the flexibility to do vibrato anymore
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and just did not have that tone to his voice anymore because you lose your elasticity.
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I was being interviewed by my heart surgeon up in Cleveland
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and he told me that when he has a smoker that he's gonna do heart surgery on, that if they quit for 15 minutes, that your lungs begin to regenerate.
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And that just blew my mind.
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He's like, if I'm gonna operate on someone a month out, I tell them to stop smoking.
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And they're like, why should I stop smoking?
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I'm having the surgery in a month.
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He said, because your lungs will be dramatically better just in that short amount of time.
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If you watch TV shows like Johnny Carson, you can see his guests smoking.
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Dick Cavett, same thing.
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People smoked on talk shows all the time.
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It's really hard to fathom that people smoked so much and it was so prevalent.
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But the amazing thing is how few people smoke nowadays.
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It was really blowing my mind at NAMM.
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I saw one person smoke a cigarette and it just was like, wow.
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He happens to be a musician that I've actually interviewed on my channel
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and he's 75 years old and he was smoking a cigarette and he looks like he's in pretty good shape.
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But smoking here in the United States is something that has actually changed for the better.
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You know, I've always thought that there might be a correlation between people quitting smoking,
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musicians, and the decline of rock music because they seem to somehow go together.
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I'm not making a judgment either way on it, but I think it's fascinating.
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Love to know your thoughts.
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Leave a comment, hit subscribe.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 98 个句子、1160 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 6:31。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 178 个词，接近日常对话。 只有 81% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| musician 名词 | /mjuˈzɪʃən/ | 音樂家 /音乐家 |
| guitar 名词 | /ɡɪˈtɑɹ/ | 吉他, 六弦琴 |
| lesson 名词 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 課業 /课业, -課 /-课 |
| cigarette 名词 | /ˈsɪɡəɹɛt/ | 香煙 /香烟, 紙煙 /纸烟 |
| tone 名词 | /ˈtəʊn/ | 全音 |
| occur 动词 | /əˈkɜː/ | 發生 /发生 |
| lung 名词 | /ˈlʌŋ/ | физы, 肺 |
| thick 形容词 | /θɪk/ | ху, 厚 |
| desk 名词 | /dɛsk/ | 書桌 /书桌, 寫字檯 /寫字枱 /寫字臺 /寫字台 |
| dramatic 形容词 | /dɹəˈmætɪk/ | 戲劇的 /戏剧的 |
| decline 动词 | /dɪˈklaɪn/ | 惡化 /恶化 |
| legacy 名词 | /ˈlɛɡəsi/ | 遺產 /遗产 |
| contribution 名词 | /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/ | 貢獻 /贡献 |
| shake 动词 | /ˈʃeɪk/ | 搖 /摇 |
| judgment 名词 | /ˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒ.mənt/ | 判斷 /判断 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| go back 动词 | 回去, 返回 |
| grow up 动词 | 長大 /长大 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 27 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 they're, I've, they'd。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: thick /θɪk/, fathom /ˈfæðəm/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: musician /mjuˈzɪʃən/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, shake /ˈʃeɪk/, correlation /ˌkɔɹ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, ashtray /ˈæʃ.tɹeɪ/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, flexibility /ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/, correlation /ˌkɔɹ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, conservatory /kənˈsɝ.vəˌt(ɔ.)ɹi/, elasticity /ɪ.læsˈtɪs.ɪ.ti/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 musician, guitar, lesson 这类单词。
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | I've interviewed · I've actually interviewed · has actually changed |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | legacy, which is · people, which is |
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。