跟讀練習: Did Smoking Kill Rock and Roll? The Nirvana Smoking Controversy - 通過影片學習英語口語
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98 句
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1
So the other night, the surviving members of Nirvana, Chris, Dave, and Pat,
2
received an award called the Vanguard Award at the Video Music Awards for their contribution to music video making
3
and their enduring legacy, which is enormous.
以及他們所留下的影響深遠、意義重大的遺產。
4
Nirvana is enormously popular still to this day.
涅槃樂隊直到今天依然廣受歡迎。
5
But one of the only things that people were talking about the next day is
但第二天人們唯一在討論的事情之一就是
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that Pat Smear lit up a cigarette on stage while they were accepting the award.
帕特·斯密爾在他們領獎時於臺上點燃了一支香菸。
7
To someone that grew up in the 1960s, you don't even notice those things or it didn't even occur to me because it's something I grew up with.
對於一個在20世紀60年代長大的人來說，你根本不會注意到這些事情，或者說我根本就不會想到這些，因為這是我從小到大一直熟悉的事物。
8
In the 1960s, I looked it up, 42 % of adults smoked.
我查過資料，在二十世紀六十年代，有42%的成年人吸菸。
9
So four in 10 people, which is astounding because today it's 9 .9%.
也就是說，每十個人裡就有四個人，這一比例令人震驚，因為如今這一比例是9.9%。
10
That is a dramatic change.
這是一個巨大的變化。
11
That's in the U .S.
那是在美國。
12
Smoking was so common.
吸菸在當時非常普遍。
13
Both of my parents smoked.
我的父母都抽菸。
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Pretty much every adult I knew smoked.
我認識的成年人幾乎個個都抽菸。
15
People smoked in cars.
人們曾在車裡吸菸。
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They smoked in planes.
他們過去常在飛機上吸菸。
17
The first plane ride I ever took in 1967 going from Rochester to Detroit, there was a smoking section on the plane.
我1967年第一次坐飛機，從羅切斯特飛往底特律，那架飛機上設有吸菸區。
18
You never thought about it.
你從來沒考慮過這件事。
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Fast forward to last year at the NAMM show.
時間快進到去年的NAMM展會。
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Now there's like 150 ,000 people that come to the NAMM show
現在大約有15萬人參加NAMM展會。
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and i remember seeing someone smoke like one person
我記得看到有一個人在抽菸
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and walking by them and i was like whoa somebody's smoking now this is something
我路過他們身邊時，心裡還在想，哇，有人在抽菸啊，這可真有意思。
23
that was so ubiquitous growing up that it never even occurred to you
在我們成長的過程中，這種東西隨處可見，你甚至根本不會特意去想它。
24
but it stuck in my mind and i get back home
但這件事一直縈繞在我腦海裡，我回到家後還是忘不掉。
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and i remember driving to dylan to school the next day
我還記得第二天開車送迪倫去學校的情景
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and i was like hey dylan does anybody smoke at school
我就問他，嘿，迪倫，學校裡有人抽菸嗎？
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he was a senior in high school last year he's like
他去年是高中三年級的學生，他就像
28
what do you mean does anyone smoke do the kids smoke
你這話什麼意思，是說有人抽菸嗎，還是說孩子們會抽菸？
29
stand outside smoke he goes nobody smokes i mean not only does nobody smoke
站在外面抽菸，他走了，沒人抽菸，我的意思是不僅沒人抽菸
30
but they all are on creatine and protein shakes
但他們全都在服用肌酸、喝蛋白粉增肌飲料
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and all this kind of stuff
諸如此類的事情
32
and they're all trying to you know be as fit as
而且他們都在努力，你知道的，儘可能保持健康的狀態。
33
possible he's nobody smokes why would people smoke i said they had smoking sections
說不定他根本就不抽菸，大家為什麼要抽菸呢，我之前說過他們有吸菸區。
34
when i was in in junior high
我上初中的時候
35
or in high school 16 year olds could smoke and they would they'd stand outside and they would smoke before school.
或者在高中的時候，16歲的學生可以吸菸，他們會站在外面，在上學前抽菸。
36
They'd smoke after school.
他們放學後會抽菸。
37
They'd smoke on lunch, break, whatever.
他們會在午餐時間、休息時間或者任何時候抽菸。
38
The teachers would also smoke.
老師們也會抽菸。
39
As a matter of fact, when I taught college, this is back in 1987, before they started outlawing it in New York State or inside,
事實上，我在大學任教的時候，那還是1987年，當時紐約州還沒有開始禁止這種做法，或者說還沒有在校園裡禁止。
40
my old guitar teacher, Steve Brown, that I shared an office with, Steve smoked.
我以前的吉他老師史蒂夫·布朗，以前和我共用一間辦公室，他是抽菸的。
41
And he would routinely smoke in our office.
而且他以前經常在我們辦公室抽菸。
42
He had his ashtray on his desk and everything.
他桌上還擺著菸灰缸，什麼都有。
43
He would smoke and i never thought about it he would open the window
他會抽菸，我從來沒多想過，他會把窗戶開啟。
44
and stuff as a matter of fact going back to grad
事實上，還有其他一些事情，得追溯到我讀研究生的時候。
45
school my guitar teacher mick goodrick smoked in every single lesson chain smoked
我的吉他老師米克·古德里奇在每一節課上都抽菸，一根接一根地抽。
46
so at new england conservatory you'd go up to the second floor where the lesson rooms were
在新英格蘭音樂學院，你要上到二樓，那裡是琴房所在的地方。
47
and they'd have big glass doors on them
而且它們上面還裝著大大的玻璃門。
48
and there was a massive window that sunlight would come in
還有一扇巨大的窗戶，陽光會透過它照進來。
49
and you'd go there and i'd look in to see
你會去那裡，而我會往裡看。
50
if mick was there and the smoke was so thick
如果米克當時在那裡，而且煙霧又那麼濃
51
when he was teaching a lesson you could not see who was playing guitar with him in there it was
他上課的時候，你根本看不到裡面是誰在和他一起彈吉他。
52
so covered in smoke did i ever say anything about it
當時煙霧太濃了，我有說過這件事嗎？
53
no i never thought about it i played in a band with three smokers everyone smoked at every club
沒有，我從來沒想過這個問題，我以前待的樂隊裡有三個菸民，而且在每個演出的俱樂部裡所有人都抽菸
54
that you went to when they were just hanging out every musician not me
你以前常去的那個地方，當時他們只是聚在一起玩，都是些音樂人，沒我。
55
but every musician i knew smoked if you go back and look at videos go back to nirvana on MTV Unplugged.
但我認識的每個音樂人都抽菸，你回頭去看那些影片，比如涅槃樂隊在MTV不插電演唱會上的演出就知道了。
56
Go back in the 90s, in the 80s, in the 70s, in the 60s.
回到90年代、80年代、70年代、60年代。
57
If you watch Get Back, all four of the Beatles smoked and they smoke all the time.
如果你看《Get Back》，會發現披頭士四人都抽菸，而且煙不離手。
58
If you take a look at these pictures and videos, Aretha Franklin, Miles Davis smoking in the background while Coltrane's taking a solo on So What.
如果你看看這些照片和影片，艾瑞莎·富蘭克林、邁爾斯·戴維斯在背景裡抽著煙，而柯川正在獨奏《那又怎樣》。
59
Jimi Hendrix having a smoke here.
吉米·亨德里克斯在這裡抽了根菸。
60
Mick Jagger, Joni, they're doing it while they're playing, they're doing it while they're reading, when they're looking like badasses.
米克·賈格爾、喬妮，他們玩的時候在做這件事，看書的時候也在做，就連擺出一副酷炸天的樣子時也在做。
61
The Clash, David Bowie, Jim Croce smoked cigars, Neil Schoen smoked, Edward, Bono, everybody smokes.
衝擊樂隊、大衛·鮑伊、吉姆·克羅斯都抽雪茄，尼爾·舍恩抽，愛德華、博諾，所有人都抽。
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Everybody smoked.
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Glenn Frey, Don Henley, Madonna, Kirk, and James both smoked. Who knew?
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Lane Staley, Josh Homme, Amy Winehouse, even Joe Dirt smoked.
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Every huge artist smoked.
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Many of them that I've interviewed i've asked them off camera how long did you smoke
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and why did you smoke
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and invariably they said they thought it helped their voice the ones
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that were singers and i said in what way it made it raspier i thought
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that it was uh helped my tone if you think of someone like frank sinatra
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or nat king cole they smoked all the time
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and you can actually hear it in the sound of their voice many smokers pay the price improving their voice
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when they're younger but completely hurting their voice as they age.
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It really destroyed their voices.
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If you hear Frank Sinatra later in life, he didn't have the flexibility to do vibrato anymore
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and just did not have that tone to his voice anymore because you lose your elasticity.
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I was being interviewed by my heart surgeon up in Cleveland
78
and he told me that when he has a smoker that he's gonna do heart surgery on, that if they quit for 15 minutes, that your lungs begin to regenerate.
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And that just blew my mind.
80
He's like, if I'm gonna operate on someone a month out, I tell them to stop smoking.
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And they're like, why should I stop smoking?
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I'm having the surgery in a month.
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He said, because your lungs will be dramatically better just in that short amount of time.
84
If you watch TV shows like Johnny Carson, you can see his guests smoking.
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Dick Cavett, same thing.
86
People smoked on talk shows all the time.
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It's really hard to fathom that people smoked so much and it was so prevalent.
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But the amazing thing is how few people smoke nowadays.
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It was really blowing my mind at NAMM.
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I saw one person smoke a cigarette and it just was like, wow.
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He happens to be a musician that I've actually interviewed on my channel
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and he's 75 years old and he was smoking a cigarette and he looks like he's in pretty good shape.
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But smoking here in the United States is something that has actually changed for the better.
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You know, I've always thought that there might be a correlation between people quitting smoking,
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musicians, and the decline of rock music because they seem to somehow go together.
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I'm not making a judgment either way on it, but I think it's fascinating.
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Love to know your thoughts.
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Leave a comment, hit subscribe.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這段影片共有 98 個句子、1160 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 6:31。 說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 178 個詞，接近日常對話。 只有 81% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| musician 名詞 | /mjuˈzɪʃən/ | 音樂家 /音樂家 |
| guitar 名詞 | /ɡɪˈtɑɹ/ | 吉他, 六絃琴 |
| lesson 名詞 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 課業 /課業, -課 /-課 |
| cigarette 名詞 | /ˈsɪɡəɹɛt/ | 香煙 /香菸, 紙煙 /紙菸 |
| tone 名詞 | /ˈtəʊn/ | 全音 |
| occur 動詞 | /əˈkɜː/ | 發生 /發生 |
| lung 名詞 | /ˈlʌŋ/ | физы, 肺 |
| thick 形容詞 | /θɪk/ | ху, 厚 |
| desk 名詞 | /dɛsk/ | 書桌 /書桌, 寫字檯 /寫字枱 /寫字臺 /寫字臺 |
| dramatic 形容詞 | /dɹəˈmætɪk/ | 戲劇的 /戲劇的 |
| decline 動詞 | /dɪˈklaɪn/ | 惡化 /惡化 |
| legacy 名詞 | /ˈlɛɡəsi/ | 遺產 /遺產 |
| contribution 名詞 | /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/ | 貢獻 /貢獻 |
| shake 動詞 | /ˈʃeɪk/ | 搖 /搖 |
| judgment 名詞 | /ˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒ.mənt/ | 判斷 /判斷 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| go back 動詞 | 回去, 返回 |
| grow up 動詞 | 長大 /長大 |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 27 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 they're, I've, they'd。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “th” 音: thick /θɪk/, fathom /ˈfæðəm/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: musician /mjuˈzɪʃən/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, shake /ˈʃeɪk/, correlation /ˌkɔɹ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, ashtray /ˈæʃ.tɹeɪ/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, flexibility /ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/, correlation /ˌkɔɹ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, conservatory /kənˈsɝ.vəˌt(ɔ.)ɹi/, elasticity /ɪ.læsˈtɪs.ɪ.ti/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 musician, guitar, lesson 這類單詞。
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | I've interviewed · I've actually interviewed · has actually changed |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | legacy, which is · people, which is |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。