跟读练习: Introduction to Chemistry - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Hey guys, I'm Professor Dave, and I want to tell you about chemistry.
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What is chemistry?
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Why should we know about it?
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Chemistry is the study of what matter is made of and how it changes.
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It's important to know because it describes everything around us, every material, almost every process.
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If we truly want to understand how our bodies work, how diseases operate and how to cure them, which foods are nutritious and which are not, we must learn chemistry.
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Unless you fundamentally understand molecules, all you can do is repeat things you've heard.
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But how do you know if what you've heard is right?
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If you know chemistry, you can compare what someone says to how you know that molecules behave.
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If there is a glaring contradiction, you can easily reject false information, and you won't be taken advantage of for someone else's personal gain.
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We should be able to think critically like this in every avenue of life, be it health, politics, or otherwise.
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With this general chemistry series, I have two goals.
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One is to help high school and undergraduate students taking their first chemistry course.
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Please use these tutorials to supplement your lectures in any way that is helpful to you.
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But because this is introductory material, and given that chemistry is the central science,
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this general chemistry series is also meant for anyone who wants to learn science with no prior knowledge and for any reason.
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I will break down concepts as simply as possible so that anyone can learn them.
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There will be moments where we go over practice problems that are more geared towards students in a class.
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But feel free to learn these too, because the predictive power of mathematics is what proves the legitimacy of our science.
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If you are watching this clip and intend to view the entire series, please click on the general chemistry playlist on the Professor Dave homepage to view in the suggested order.
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When we check our comprehension after a lesson, feel free to pause the clip so you have plenty of time to think before I tell you the answer.
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If you need to watch a clip more than once to fully understand it, that's okay.
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And if you have any questions about what you've learned, feel free to email me at ProfessorDaveExplains at gmail .com.
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Enjoy your newfound knowledge.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 C1 级别的口语课以视频“Introduction to Chemistry”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：chemistry, learn, clip, science。 这段视频共有 24 个句子、396 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 2:01。 说话人语速较快，每分钟约 196 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 85% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 13 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| molecule 名词 | /ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ | 分子 |
| contradiction 名词 | /ˌkɑːntɹəˈdɪkʃən/ | 反对, 反驳 |
| nutritious 形容词 | /nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/ | 有營養 /有营养 |
| introductory 形容词 | /ˌɪntɹəˈdʌktəɹi/ | 介紹的 /介绍的, 引導的 /引导的 |
| comprehension 名词 | /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/ | 理解, 瞭解 /了解 |
| playlist 名词 | /ˈpleɪˌlɪst/ | 播放列表, 歌單 /歌单 |
| legitimacy 名词 | /ləˈd͡ʒɪtɪməsi/ | 合法 |
| fundamentally 副词 | 根本地, 从根本上 | |
| tutorial 名词 | /ˌtjuːˈtɔːɹɪəl/ | 輔導 /辅导, 教程 |
| undergraduate 名词 | 本科生 | |
| pause 名词 | /pɔːz/ | 停頓 /停顿, 暫停 /暂停 |
| behave 动词 | /bɪˈheɪv/ | 為人 /为人 |
| intend 动词 | /ɪnˈtɛnd/ | 打算, 想要 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| break down 动词 | 壞了 /坏了, 出故障 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | you've heard · you've learned |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is made · won't be taken · is also meant |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | and which are · anyone who wants |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 5 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 you've, I'm, won't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: contradiction /ˌkɑːntɹəˈdɪkʃən/, nutritious /nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/, comprehension /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: contradiction /ˌkɑːntɹəˈdɪkʃən/, introductory /ˌɪntɹəˈdʌktəɹi/, legitimacy /ləˈd͡ʒɪtɪməsi/, critically /ˈkɹɪt.ɪ.kə.li/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: predictive /pɹɪˈdɪk.tɪv/, behave /bɪˈheɪv/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: newfound /ˈnjuː.faʊnd/, nutritious /nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/, predictive /pɹɪˈdɪk.tɪv/, playlist /ˈpleɪˌlɪst/, pause /pɔːz/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: tutorial /ˌtjuːˈtɔːɹɪəl/, critically /ˈkɹɪt.ɪ.kə.li/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 molecule, contradiction, nutritious 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。