ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Introduction to Chemistry
กำลังสร้างบทเรียน...
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Hey guys, I'm Professor Dave, and I want to tell you about chemistry.
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What is chemistry?
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Why should we know about it?
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Chemistry is the study of what matter is made of and how it changes.
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It's important to know because it describes everything around us, every material, almost every process.
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If we truly want to understand how our bodies work, how diseases operate and how to cure them, which foods are nutritious and which are not, we must learn chemistry.
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Unless you fundamentally understand molecules, all you can do is repeat things you've heard.
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But how do you know if what you've heard is right?
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If you know chemistry, you can compare what someone says to how you know that molecules behave.
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If there is a glaring contradiction, you can easily reject false information, and you won't be taken advantage of for someone else's personal gain.
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We should be able to think critically like this in every avenue of life, be it health, politics, or otherwise.
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With this general chemistry series, I have two goals.
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One is to help high school and undergraduate students taking their first chemistry course.
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Please use these tutorials to supplement your lectures in any way that is helpful to you.
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But because this is introductory material, and given that chemistry is the central science,
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this general chemistry series is also meant for anyone who wants to learn science with no prior knowledge and for any reason.
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I will break down concepts as simply as possible so that anyone can learn them.
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There will be moments where we go over practice problems that are more geared towards students in a class.
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But feel free to learn these too, because the predictive power of mathematics is what proves the legitimacy of our science.
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If you are watching this clip and intend to view the entire series, please click on the general chemistry playlist on the Professor Dave homepage to view in the suggested order.
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When we check our comprehension after a lesson, feel free to pause the clip so you have plenty of time to think before I tell you the answer.
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If you need to watch a clip more than once to fully understand it, that's okay.
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And if you have any questions about what you've learned, feel free to email me at ProfessorDaveExplains at gmail .com.
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Enjoy your newfound knowledge.
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This C1 speaking lesson is built on the video “Introduction to Chemistry”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: chemistry, learn, clip, science. This video has 24 sentences and 396 words to shadow. The speech runs for 2:01. The speaker talks fast, about 196 words per minute, so expect linked and reduced sounds. 85% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 15 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| molecule noun | /ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ | The smallest particle of a specific element or compound that retains the chemical properties of that element or compound; two or more atoms held together by… |
| contradiction noun | /ˌkɑːntɹəˈdɪkʃən/ | The act of contradicting. |
| newfound adjective | /ˈnjuː.faʊnd/ | Recently found; newly discovered. |
| nutritious adjective | /nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/ | Providing nutrients; healthy to eat or drink. |
| predictive adjective | /pɹɪˈdɪk.tɪv/ | Useful in predicting. |
| introductory adjective | /ˌɪntɹəˈdʌktəɹi/ | Introducing; giving a preview, idea or foretaste of. |
| comprehension noun | /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/ | A thorough understanding. |
| playlist noun | /ˈpleɪˌlɪst/ | A list of recorded songs scheduled to be played on a radio station. |
| legitimacy noun | /ləˈd͡ʒɪtɪməsi/ | The quality or state of being legitimate or valid; validity. |
| fundamentally adverb | In a fundamental or basic sense; reaching the very core of the matter. | |
| tutorial noun | /ˌtjuːˈtɔːɹɪəl/ | A self-paced learning exercise; a lesson prepared so that a student can learn at their own speed or convenience. |
| undergraduate noun | A student at a university who has not yet received a degree. | |
| critically adverb | /ˈkɹɪt.ɪ.kə.li/ | In a critical manner; with, or in terms of, criticism. |
| pause noun | /pɔːz/ | A temporary stop or rest; an intermission of action; interruption; suspension; cessation. |
| behave verb | /bɪˈheɪv/ | To conduct (oneself) well, or in a given way; to conform. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| break down verb | To stop functioning. |
| go over verb | To look at carefully; to scrutinize; to analyze. |
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | you've heard · you've learned |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | is made · won't be taken · is also meant |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | and which are · anyone who wants |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 5 contractions and reduced forms, such as you've, I'm, won't. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: contradiction /ˌkɑːntɹəˈdɪkʃən/, nutritious /nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/, comprehension /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/
- Long words — get the stress right: contradiction /ˌkɑːntɹəˈdɪkʃən/, introductory /ˌɪntɹəˈdʌktəɹi/, legitimacy /ləˈd͡ʒɪtɪməsi/, critically /ˈkɹɪt.ɪ.kə.li/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Start at 0.75× speed, shadow it sentence by sentence, then go back to normal speed once it feels easy.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like molecule, contradiction, newfound.
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ