跟读练习: Learn English | American Textbook Reading | Science Grade 2 | Lesson 01 | Brian Stuart (미국교과서) - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Hello everybody, welcome back to American Textbook Reading.
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I'm Brian Stewart.
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Are you guys ready to learn about animals?
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Let's get started.
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In this lesson, lesson one, we're going to learn what animals need to grow.
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What animals need to grow.
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So you will discover animals need food, they need shelter, they need oxygen, and they need water.
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So all of these animals need these things in order to grow.
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And if you think about it, we're animals too, right?
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We also need these things in order to grow.
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Let's talk about these things in more detail.
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First of all, we saw that animals need shelter.
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Shelter, of course, is a place where an animal can be safe.
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This looks like a shelter, it looks like a tree, right?
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But inside the tree is a narrow space where an animal can use it as its home.
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Maybe a wolf or a fox can live in there.
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I don't know about a bear, a bear is really big, so maybe this is a little small for a bear.
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But this could be a good shelter for an animal to live in.
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Nels need shelter because it rains, it gets cold, they need some type of home.
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So a shelter is like a home.
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And we all need a home, don't we?
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We all need some place to be safe, where an animal can be safe.
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Let's take a look at another thing.
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Another thing is a nest.
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A nest is kind of like a shelter too.
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A nest is a place where birds live.
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So a nest, as you can see in the tree here, birds make their homes high up in trees and it's a bird's shelter.
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So a bird will use this, a nest, this is also a bird's shelter.
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It is basically their home.
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It protects them, it keeps them safe from animals walking around on the ground, right?
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So mama bird can take care of her baby birds safely in a nest.
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And that's their shelter.
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Let's move on to the next one.
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Okay, another thing that all animals need to grow is oxygen.
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We need to breathe, right?
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And we breathe oxygen.
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Oxygen is a gas that is necessary for people and animals to live.
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We need oxygen to breathe.
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Oxygen has no color can't see it.
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It's all around us.
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In the room here, in the room where you are, there's oxygen in the air.
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You can't see it, you can feel it.
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If you go like this really quickly, you can feel the air and in the air is oxygen that we need to breathe.
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Our bodies need oxygen.
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If we're diving, for example, underwater, how do we get oxygen?
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Well, we need to breathe through the equipment.
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We need to breathe.
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If we breathe that means to take in oxygen.
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So even if we're underwater and we're scuba diving,
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we have equipment that gives us oxygen so we can breathe underwater.
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We're not fish, right?
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We don't have gills, but we can use equipment to go underwater and swim around.
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Looks like fun.
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If you have a chance, try that out.
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Try it out scuba diving.
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Okay, next we have another verb, to hatch.
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Now, some animals hatch.
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To hatch means to come out of the egg.
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Like this crocodile or alligator here is coming outside of the egg.
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It's hatching.
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Not all animals hatch.
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Hatch means to come out of an egg.
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Did you come out of an egg?
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No, you didn't come out of an egg.
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Mammals are born without eggs.
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We're born live.
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We're born live.
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We don't have eggs when we come out of our mother's bodies, right?
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We don't have eggs.
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But some animals, like reptiles, birds, and some fish, they will come out of eggs.
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They need to hatch.
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Okay?
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So, to hatch.
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Another verb is to store.
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Animals, some animals, will store things.
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What will they store?
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Store means to keep something for future use.
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You've probably seen in the movies the squirrel, right?
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The squirrel running around, and the squirrel is running after nuts, right?
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N-U-T-S.
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So squirrels will store nuts, and squirrels are kind of, you know, the little animals, the little furry animals with the big tail.
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They will go and they will take nuts, and they won't eat them right away.
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They'll put them in their shelter, in their home.
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They will store them for when it's cold and when the winter, there's no food.
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So they store, they keep something for future use.
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They keep it for later.
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Okay, so that's to store.
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Another verb is to protect.
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Some animals, of course all animals need protection, right?
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Some animals have built-in protection.
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Built-in, they have it as part of their bodies.
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Built-in protection.
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Built-in.
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Built-in protection.
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This shell is protecting the turtle.
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It's very hard and the turtle will not be harmed because the shell protects the turtle.
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Protect, of course, means to cover and to make something safe.
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So if you look at this turtle, kind of an interesting character, he's very safe inside of his shell.
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He is protected.
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Let's move on.
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Extinct.
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When, if an animal is extinct, it is no longer in existence.
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But think about that.
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If all the animals of the same type are gone, they all die, then they are extinct.
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What animals can you think of that have gone extinct?
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Some very famous animals.
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If you think of dinosaurs, D-I-N-O-S-A-U-R, S, dinosaurs.
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Dinosaurs, this is a dinosaur.
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There are no more dinosaurs in the world.
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They are all extinct.
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They are no longer in existence.
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They've all died.
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So we can say dinosaurs are extinct.
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Okay?
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Okay, let's take a look at our chart here.
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We have a chart what animals need to live and we see different pictures here.
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We see shelter.
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This is a very cute little guy right inside the tree.
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He's just looking out of his hole.
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He's inside his home, right?
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There's oxygen, there's water and there's food.
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Let's take a look at this guy who's in his home.
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He looks pretty cute.
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Let's take a look at him closely.
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Okay.
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Oh, here we've got another, maybe his friend, squirrel, coming into a tree.
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and this is where his home is.
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See, that is a good picture of a squirrel.
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And look at that, he has a nut.
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He's storing nuts inside of his home, inside of his shelter.
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So this is a very good video that shows us two things.
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One, it shows us the shelter where the squirrel lives, that's his home, and it also shows us how the squirrel stores food.
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You notice the squirrel went into his home to get a nut.
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That's where he keeps or stores his food.
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Okay, he's pretty cute, isn't he?
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It looks like he's very hungry.
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He keeps eating that nut very well.
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But that's good, he is kind of turning it around.
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Okay, squirrel, have you had enough?
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Oh, and he runs away.
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Okay, goodbye, squirrel.
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Okay, let's move on.
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We'll come on over to oxygen.
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Now, of course, this is underwater.
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This picture shows underwater, but we can see the air rising up.
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Probably some scuba divers are underwater and the air is going up from their tanks.
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Let's take a look.
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There's a scuba diver right there.
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We can see the air coming up from his tank when he's breathing out.
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So all these little bubbles here,
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all these little bubbles are the air or oxygen that he's breathing out and it's going up into the water.
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And this is very interesting.
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Of course, all the air that this person needs is in the tank.
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and he has a hose coming around that goes to his mouth like we saw in the other picture.
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And he's breathing from this tank.
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So scuba diving is a lot of fun, right?
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And you can stay underwater for a very long time because you take the oxygen you need with you underwater.
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Okay, coming back to our chart here, we have food.
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This is also what animals need to live, right?
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So here we have a picture of a squirrel looks like
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could be the friend of the other squirrel we saw in his shelter, right?
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This squirrel, wow, he's really eating that nut.
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That's his food.
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Of course, squirrels get nuts from trees, usually trees and other plants, but squirrels will get all sorts of different kinds of nuts.
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They will store them in their home, or of course they have to eat them also every day as well.
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Wow, this little guy is really energetic, isn't he?
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He really ate that nut very quickly.
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It seems to be very hungry.
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Okay, well let's move on.
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The other thing, of course, all animals need water.
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Imagine, can you go throughout the day without drinking any water?
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You feel very thirsty, don't you?
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It's important to drink a lot of water every day.
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Just like these zebras.
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Let's take a look.
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These are zebras in the wild, and of course they are drinking water from a puddle or a large puddle here.
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I wouldn't really call it a lake, but as you can see many zebras have to come down to these puddles every day to get water to drink.
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However, it's a little dangerous because sometimes lions and other animals
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that eat zebras will stay here waiting for the zebras to come down because animals need to eat, right?
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They need food as we just saw, but animals also need water.
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So it's very interesting in Africa, this is kind of an interesting relationship, right?
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Animals that come to water have to watch out for other animals that want to eat them as food.
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Okay, so water and food.
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Okay, let's go over the exercise now.
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Our job here is to go over each word.
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We have the definition and we have the words up here.
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We have to match the definition to the proper word.
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Let's start with number one.
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A place where birds live.
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Remember we talked about that.
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It's a special kind of shelter.
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Is it hatch, breathe, oxygen, store, nest, or shelter?
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Don't choose shelter because birds have a special kind of shelter.
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Do you remember what it was?
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That's right, it's nest.
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Birds have a special kind of shelter.
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They call a nest, it's up in a tree.
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And they build their nest.
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Okay, so number two, a place where an animal can be safe.
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A place where an animal can be safe.
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I'll give you another hint.
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A nest is a type of this thing.
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What is it?
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It's a shelter, okay?
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It's where an animal can be safe.
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It's a shelter.
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It's an animal's house where they can be safe from the weather, from other animals.
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They have safety in their shelter.
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Number three, to keep something for future use.
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So if you get some food, you can eat it now or you can put it away and save it for later.
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To keep something for future use, that means to store.
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To store something.
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You noticed I used a different word there.
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I said to save.
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So we can use keep.
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We can also use save.
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To save something for future use to keep something for future use, also to store something for future use.
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So all these verbs have the similar meaning, to keep, to save, to store.
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Don't use it now, keep it.
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You might need it later.
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That's very important to do.
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Think about that, especially for human beings.
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What do we store for future use?
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A very common thing we save for future use is money, right?
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Don't spend all your money now.
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Save some.
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Store some for future use.
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Okay, let's move on.
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Number four, a gas that is necessary for animals to live.
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So remember, gas, it's in the air around us and we need it to breathe.
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What gas is that from our words?
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Of course, if you picked oxygen, that's correct.
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Gas is an oxygen that we need to use.
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It's necessary for animals to live.
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If we go underwater, we need to take our oxygen with us in a tank, right?
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As we saw on the video.
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Number five is to come out of an egg.
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So it's a verb, to come out of an egg.
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When babies, some babies, some animals will come out of an egg when they're very young, when they're just babies.
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What is that process called?
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That, of course, is called to hatch. To hatch.
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They come out of an egg.
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Number six, to take in oxygen.
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To take it in, right?
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That of course is to breathe.
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So breathe with me, right?
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Breathe deeply, right?
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Breathe in, breathe out.
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Okay?
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We all need to breathe in order to survive.
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We need oxygen in the air around us.
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Okay, so that wraps up these words here.
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Let's take a look at our chart here.
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We have an interesting chart here.
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It's a little bit of a different subject.
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We're talking about what animals need to grow.
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Animals and plants are the natural world, right?
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And animals use plants in order to grow.
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How do animals use plants?
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But how do animals use plants?
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There are many ways.
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We can see four major ways in this chart.
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The first way we can see animals live in plants.
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It doesn't mean inside the plant, it means surrounded by plants.
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For example, you can see these chimpanzees, right?
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They are living in plants, they're living around plants.
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Let's take a look at the video here.
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Wow, look at these guys.
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Whoa, he looks like a very tough guy, right?
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He's saying, hey, I've got something for you, right?
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Okay.
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Or I don't know what he's doing.
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But you can see they are living in plants.
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You can see this little hole here and another one here.
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They probably go inside here.
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They use these plants for protection because other animals that might attack the chimpanzees can't see the chimps inside the plants.
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So some animals will live inside plants.
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It doesn't mean inside the plant.
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It means surrounded by plants.
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In another way, animals use plants to make homes.
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Before, we saw how birds make nests.
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That's their shelter.
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Here is a good example of a nest.
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Well, birds don't just find nests, they make nests.
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They take branches.
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They take branches.
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Branches are parts of trees, of course.
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You can also say they take twigs.
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Twigs are very small pieces of branches, and that's what birds will pick up.
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They will get a lot of twigs, they'll put them together and shape them like a bowl, and that's their nest.
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You can see there are eggs inside the nest.
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Let's take a look at the video here.
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Oh, look at that.
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This little baby bird, these baby birds, have hatched from those eggs, and now they're in the nest.
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Mama bird comes along and she's watching over her babies.
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And sometimes she'll bring them food.
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See, little baby birds are like, I'm hungry!
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I'm hungry!
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Give me food!
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Right?
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So, um, Mama just ate that piece of food.
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Okay, but Mama will protect her babies, she will bring them food, and you can see that they're very hungry.
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Their mouths are open and they're waiting for food.
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Okay, let's move on.
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So animals also hide in plants.
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We talked a little bit about that with the chimpanzees.
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The chimpanzees will go into the forest or hide.
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But we can also see another example, and this is a good example of a deer.
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A deer is laying down, we have tall grass.
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There's a little baby deer over here.
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Let's take a look.
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So as we can see, we can see the mama deer very quickly, but we didn't see the baby deer very quickly quickly.
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We only saw the back part but all of a sudden the head pops up, right?
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So these deer can use the grass to hide in.
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When they lay down, other animals can't see them.
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Mama deer though, she's looking up around because she wants to make sure nothing's coming, right?
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She wants to make sure her baby is safe, so she's keeping an eye out.
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But baby deer can can lie down in the grass, Nobody can see it.
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So animals can hide in plants.
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Finally, our last picture here, the very common way that many, many animals use plants is to eat plants, right?
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Here we have a video.
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Let's take a look at a video.
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Of course, birds will eat plants too.
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Look at this bird.
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He's got a nut in his beak and it's kind of hard.
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He's trying to chew it.
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He's got a very strong beak, so he can crush that seed and he can eat it.
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Of course, many other animals will eat plants too.
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The deer that we just saw, they'll eat that grass.
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Deer eat trees.
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Cows, if you think of cows, they'll move along and eat the grass in the field.
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So many many animals need plants for food.
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Let's move on here.
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Now here we have an exercise.
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Choose the things that animals are getting in the pictures.
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What are these animals getting in the pictures?
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In the first picture here, you see the bird?
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It's a bird with a very fancy yellow chest.
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What is this bird getting?
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You can see that he's holding on to something.
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This is a very interesting looking shelter.
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This is a very interesting looking nest.
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And of course I just said shelter.
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This bird is getting shelter in this picture because this bird made a very interesting looking nest here and it's getting shelter.
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Okay, let's move on.
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What is the animal in this picture?
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Can you see it?
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You see this tail right here?
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What is that a tail of?
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That is a tail of a whale.
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What is the whale doing?
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Whales are not fish.
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Whales need to come up to the surface of the water because they can't breathe underwater.
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They have to come up to the surface to where the air is
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and then they breathe and it looks like another whale is here and it's breathing out.
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So what are these whales getting?
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Of course they are getting oxygen.
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They have to come up to the surface of the water to the surface of the water, then they can breathe and they're getting oxygen.
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Okay, finally we have a cute panda bear here, right?
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This panda bear is using plants.
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What is the panda bear using the plants for?
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Shelter or food in this picture?
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Obviously he's eating the plant, so he's using the plant for food.
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Okay, so just to wrap up, the bird's getting shelter from the plant,
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the whales are getting oxygen and the panda bear is getting food.
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So these are things that animals need to grow and to live.
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Okay, let's go over our true-false questions.
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Circle T for true, F for false.
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Number one, a nest helps to protect young birds.
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So remember, we were talking about the birds and their nests, right?
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And we've said that a nest is a type of what?
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A nest is a type of shelter.
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What did we say about shelters?
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Shelters, a shelter keeps an animal safe.
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So a nest helps to protect young birds.
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To protect means to keep safe.
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And birds use nests, don't they?
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So this sentence is true.
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It's true.
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A nest helps to protect young birds.
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A shelter keeps animals safe.
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A nest is a type of shelter.
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Okay, good.
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So number two, to store means to come out of an egg.
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So when an animal comes out of an egg, that means to store, right?
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No, it doesn't, right?
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To store means to save something for future use.
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To come out of an egg, what is that?
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That is to hatch.
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So we would have to change this to hatch, right?
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Do you remember we talked about that word?
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To hatch means to come out of an egg.
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So obviously this sentence is false.
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So we would have to change that.
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Number three, oxygen has many different colors.
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We talked about oxygen before, right?
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I said it's in the air around us.
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Can we see it?
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No, we can't see it.
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It's invisible.
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We cannot see it.
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So therefore, it doesn't have any color.
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There's no color to oxygen, so this is false, right?
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It doesn't have many different colors.
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Okay, well let's take a break here and we'll come back and do the reading.
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Okay, let's go over the reading now.
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In this reading passage, we can see the topic sentence is the first sentence right here.
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Animals need many things to live.
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That's our topic sentence.
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We know our subject is animals and our idea is that they need many things to live.
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That's our idea.
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Our subject is animals.
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What's the idea about animals?
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They need many things to live.
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In this reading passage, we will see four things that animals need to live.
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First, the number one.
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What's number one?
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We can find that easily that easily.
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First means number one.
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Animals need oxygen.
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That's the first thing that animals need.
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They need oxygen to breathe.
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Remember, oxygen is the gas.
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How do we get it?
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The verb is to breathe.
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We see another sentence about oxygen, giving us more details about oxygen.
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What is oxygen like?
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It has no color and oxygen is made by plants.
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Plants will produce oxygen and animals will breathe that oxygen.
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Plants are very important in another way to animals.
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Let's move on.
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The second thing animals need to live, we can see that right away, that's number two.
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Animals need food to get energy.
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Why do we need food?
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We need food to get energy.
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So it's very interesting we have a pattern here.
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First, animals need oxygen to breathe.
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Second, animals need food to get energy.
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So it's a very good pattern we can see in this reading passage.
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Some animals eat plants.
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So what kind of food?
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Plants is one type of food.
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Some animals eat other animals, right?
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Remember I talked about the zebras at the watering hole?
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They have to be careful because lions will go to the watering hole to wait for their food to come to them.
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So some animals eat other animals.
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Also, there are animals that eat both plants and animals.
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Really?
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There are some animals that eat both plants and other animals?
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What animal would do that?
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You're looking at one.
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You are one too.
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We eat both plants and animals.
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At our dinner table, we'll probably have vegetables, eat lots of vegetables, plants, vegetables, plants, and you'll probably have other animals like chicken.
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Chicken is very delicious, right?
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That's another animal.
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So there are animals that eat both.
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Some animals only eat plants, some animals only eat other animals, meat, and some animals, like us, eat both.
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Okay.
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Third, what's the third thing that animals need?
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Animals need to drink water.
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We all need to drink water to stay alive to stay alive.
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Drink water to stay alive.
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Again, it's following the pattern.
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We need this thing in order to do that thing.
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Oxygen to breathe, food to get energy, water to stay alive.
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Last.
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Last is also four, right?
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Third, last, that would be fourth.
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But because it's the last one, 마지막, right?
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We can say it's the last one.
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Last, animals need shelters.
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Shelters, why?
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To protect them.
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Shelters to protect them.
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Shelters help to protect animals from danger and can keep them safe.
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Okay?
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So those are the four things we were talking about that animals need in order to live and to grow.
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For example, birds live in nests.
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This is a type of shelter.
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They store their eggs in the nests and the eggs hatch in the nests.
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So birds, of course, will make a nest.
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They will lay their eggs.
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They will keep their eggs safe in their shelter, which is a nest.
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Later on, those eggs will hatch into baby birds.
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If animals do not have oxygen, food, water and shelter, those are our four things,
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one, two, three, four, they could become extinct.
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So that's very true.
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These are the things, the four things that animals need.
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We need oxygen.
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If we don't have oxygen, we will die die.
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If we don't have food, we will die.
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If we don't have water, we will die.
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If we don't have shelter, we won't be safe and we could die.
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So, if we don't have these things, they could become extinct.
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All the animals could die.
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Let's take a look at a picture here.
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This is a picture of some baby birds.
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Mama bird is giving them food.
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They have shelter.
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Mama bird is giving them food.
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They have air because they're breathing the air around them.
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So they have all the things they need to grow and that they need to survive.
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So these birds will not go extinct as long as they have those things that they need.
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Now let's take a look at the main idea and details.
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As we saw in the topic sentence, this reading passage was about what animals need.
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What animals need to live.
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So we have our words down here, shelter, oxygen, and water.
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Those are three of the things that animals need.
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How do we put them into our chart?
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Number four is food.
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A. One of these things.
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This is made by plants and has no color.
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So two important things.
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One, made by plants.
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And two, it has no color.
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These two things define what we're looking for.
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We talked about in the air, we can't see it, it has no color.
519
We also mentioned before that it's made by plants.
520
What is it?
521
Of course, if you chose oxygen, that's correct.
522
It's a gas.
523
It's made by plants and has no color.
524
Food is already done for us.
525
Food, animals need this to get energy.
526
What do animals use with food?
527
They use it to get energy.
528
Over here, B, we don't know what that is.
529
We need to look at the definition.
530
Animals get it by drinking.
531
So when we're drinking, what do we usually get?
532
Of course, we get water.
533
Animals need water in order to live.
534
Finally, this is a place where animals can be safe.
535
They can be safe in this place.
536
What is it?
537
Of course, if you chose shelter, that would be correct.
538
Animals need shelter to protect them from other animals and also from the weather.
539
So, this is a place where they can be safe.
540
Okay, let's move on.
541
Let's answer the reading comprehension questions.
542
Correct answer.
543
Number one, where does a bird live?
544
Does a bird live in hatch?
545
Does a bird live in a nest?
546
Or does a bird live in a store?
547
Actually, two of these words are verbs.
548
This is a verb.
549
This is a verb.
550
This is a noun.
551
Right?
552
This one is a verb and a verb.
553
So if you think about it, you could just answer it on the grammatical terms by itself.
554
Where does a bird live?
555
We're looking for a noun.
556
A place is a noun.
557
So of course, our only possible answer would be B.
558
Of course, a nest is a type of shelter.
559
Hatch means to come out of an egg.
560
Store means to keep something for future use.
561
So obviously, when we talk about where does a bird live, a place, well a place is a nest.
562
It's a noun, right?
563
Okay.
564
Number two, how can a shelter help an animal?
565
We've talked about this a lot, haven't we?
566
You should know the answer.
567
Let's go over the possible choices.
568
Keep it safe.
569
Yeah, we've talked about this a lot.
570
So keep it safe is the correct answer.
571
Let's go over B and C just for practice.
572
B, to give it food.
573
A shelter gives an animal food?
574
No, that's not true.
575
The animal has to go out and get food.
576
Now, the animal can store food in the shelter, right?
577
But he doesn't go there first to get the food.
578
He has to go somewhere else, bring the food back to the shelter, and store it there.
579
C, how can a shelter help an animal?
580
To make it extinct?
581
No, right?
582
We talked about an animal needs food, water, air, and heat shelter so that it won't go extinct,
583
so that it does not become extinct.
584
So of course, C would not be a correct answer.
585
A is the correct answer.
586
Shelters keep animals safe.
587
Okay, question number three.
588
Some animals only eat other animals.
589
So we're talking about what animals eat.
590
Remember we were talking about those three types of animals, right?
591
Some animals eat other animals, Some animals eat plants and some animals eat both, animals and plants.
592
In this case, some animals only eat other animals and some animals only eat oxygen.
593
Eat oxygen?
594
We don't eat oxygen, right?
595
We breathe oxygen.
596
That would be very strange, right?
597
If we could eat oxygen, right?
598
That's crazy.
599
Okay, so that's not the correct answer.
600
That's kind of silly.
601
B, some animals only eat plants.
602
Right?
603
We talked about that, right?
604
Some animals eat other animals, some animals only eat plants.
605
That's true.
606
So B is our correct answer.
607
Let's take a look at C.
608
Some animals only drink water.
609
That's not true because of only.
610
Not only drink water.
611
Remember, food and water are different.
612
Yes, we do need water, but we also need food.
613
We can't survive if we only drink water.
614
We also need food to get energy.
615
Water we drink to help our bodies grow, to help the process of our body, to help blood move through our body.
616
We need water, but we also need food.
617
So we can't survive if we only drink water.
618
So C, of course, would not be correct either.
619
We saw that B is our answer.
620
Number four, what do birds need to stop them from becoming extinct?
621
Now remember, it's not just birds, right?
622
It's all animals.
623
So don't be confused, right?
624
It's all animals.
625
What do all animals need to stop them from becoming extinct?
626
A, they need eggs, young, and nests. Is that true?
627
Well, birds, do they need eggs?
628
They make eggs, right?
629
Then the eggs hatch into young.
630
And just nests?
631
There's nothing else here.
632
Remember, animals need four things in order to survive.
633
We only see one thing, nests, could be shelter.
634
Shelter is one of those four things.
635
So A is not the correct answer.
636
What about B?
637
They need other animals to eat them.
638
Do you see birds eating other animals?
639
Sometimes you do.
640
Sometimes you do, some big birds like vultures and eagles, they do eat other animals, but we also saw a video of a bird eating a seed.
641
It's interesting, some birds eat only plants, some birds eat only other animals.
642
That's interesting.
643
So this isn't true for all birds, or all animals.
644
That's not true.
645
They also need many other things.
646
Let's look at sea.
647
Now that's an interesting one.
648
They need water, they need oxygen, they need food, and they need shelter.
649
There's our four things, right?
650
Those are the four things that birds and all animals need.
651
Water, oxygen, food, and shelter.
652
That's what we're talking about in this lesson.
653
The four things that all animals need in order to live.
654
So C of course is our right answer, our correct answer.
655
Okay, let's move on to the slide, our last slide.
656
It's kind of like a puzzle.
657
We're looking at our chart.
658
We saw this chart before.
659
Remember, we just talked about the four things that animals need to live.
660
Let's take a look at these different pictures and see what they are.
661
First of all, we see a cute little animal in a tree.
662
What is this animal represent?
663
Or where is this animal?
664
What place is this animal?
665
Remember, he looks safe inside this area.
666
He looks very safe.
667
He, of course, is in a shelter.
668
So that's one thing, one of the four things, that animals need in order to live.
669
Over here, it's underwater, right?
670
We can see these bubbles coming up.
671
This is a gas, right?
672
What is in that gas that we need to breathe?
673
What is that element?
674
That element, of course, is oxygen.
675
So we need oxygen also to live.
676
Down here, these zebras are lined up.
677
They're drinking.
678
What are they drinking?
679
They're drinking water.
680
That's another thing that all animals need to live.
681
Finally, over here, we have our friend the squirrel.
682
He has, what are these things?
683
They look like nuts.
684
They're not berries.
685
They're colorful like berries, but they're not.
686
They are nuts.
687
And he's got his hand on one of them, right?
688
So he's very happy.
689
He's got a lot of what?
690
What does he have a lot of there?
691
He's got a lot of food.
692
So this squirrel is very happy.
693
He has a lot of food.
694
He can eat some and he can store some for later use, probably in his shelter.
695
So we have many things here, four things that animals need in order to live.
696
Okay, well that wraps up our lesson for today.
697
Hope you've learned a lot.
698
It's very interesting talking about animals.
699
And remember, we're animals too.
700
We need all of these things as well.
701
Okay, well, we'll see you guys next time.
702
Take care.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 702 个句子、5666 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 36:10。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 157 个词，接近日常对话。 87% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇容易理解。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| shelter 名词 | /ˈʃɛltə/ | 棲身之地 /栖身之地, 住處 /住处 |
| oxygen 名词 | /ˈɑksɪd͡ʒən/ | 氧 |
| nest 名词 | /nɛst/ | вә, 岫 |
| breathe 动词 | /bɹiːð/ | 呼吸, 吸 |
| hatch 动词 | /hæt͡ʃ/ | 孵化, 孵出 |
| squirrel 名词 | /ˈskwɪ.ɹ(ə)l/ | 松鼠, 灰鼠 |
| egg 名词 | /ɛɡ/ | 卵, 卵子 |
| underwater 形容词 | /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/ | 水下 |
| verb 名词 | /vɝb/ | 動詞 /动词 |
| deer 名词 | /dɪɹ/ | 鹿 |
| chart 名词 | /t͡ʃɑɹt/ | 圖表 /图表 |
| whale 名词 | /ˈweɪl/ | 鯨魚 /鲸鱼 |
| dinosaur 名词 | /ˈdaɪnəsoɹ/ | 恐龍 /恐龙 |
| hungry 形容词 | /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ | 飢餓 /饥饿, 餓 /饿 |
| grass 名词 | /ɡɹɑːs/ | цо, 草 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| come along 动词 | 陪伴, 陪同 | |
| come back 动词 | 回來 /回来, 返回 | |
| come down 动词 | 下來 /下来, 降 | |
| come up 动词 | 上來 /上来 | |
| go out 动词 | 出, 出口 | |
| lie down 动词 | 偃, 躺下 | |
| look up 动词 | /ˌlʊk ˈʌp/ | 仰, 上看 |
| pick up 动词 | 拾取, 撿 /捡 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 97 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, we're, they're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: breathe /bɹiːð/, thirsty /ˈθɝs.ti/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: shelter /ˈʃɛltə/, shell /ʃɛl/, delicious /dɪˈlɪ.ʃəs/, crush /kɹʌʃ/, comprehension /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: underwater /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/, invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/, energetic /ˌɛn.əɹˈdʒɛt.ɪk/, alligator /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/, grammatical /ɡɹəˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 shelter, oxygen, nest 这类单词。
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 条件句 if + 从句，will/would + 动词 — 条件及其结果 | if you think of cows, they'll move · If we don't have oxygen, we will die · If we don't have food, we will die |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | You've probably seen · have built · have gone |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | are born · will not be harmed · is protected |
| 动词 + -ing enjoy、keep、stop… + -ing — 后接 -ing 形式的动词 | keep something · keeps eating |
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。