跟读练习: Marbury v. Madison Case Brief Summary | Law Case Explained - 通过视频学习英语口语
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23 句
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The presidential election of 1800 was one of the most contentious in our young nation's history.
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Federalist President John Adams fought for re -election, but it became clear that the Anti -Federalists,
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led by Democratic -Republican and Vice President Thomas Jefferson, would take the office.
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Meanwhile, in an effort to preserve the influence of the party, the Federalist -led
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Congress passed the Judiciary Act of 1801, now known as the Midnight Judges Act,
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which reorganized the Federal Judiciary and the District of Columbia Organic Act, both of which created dozens of new judgeships and justice ships.
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Adams then spent his last few weeks in office appointing dozens of Federalists to the Judiciary.
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These appointees became known as the Midnight Judges.
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The group obtained approval from Congress on March 2nd.
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The commissions were signed by Adams and sealed by the Secretary of State on March 3rd.
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The last remaining step was for the commissions to be physically delivered to the appointees by the Secretary of State.
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John Marshall was Adams' Secretary of State.
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Marshall had already been appointed
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Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
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Marshall was unable to deliver all of the commissions before Jefferson
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was sworn in the next day by Marshall himself in his role as Chief Justice.
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The undelivered commissions were still in Marshall's office when James Madison, the new Secretary of State, took office.
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Jefferson told Madison not to deliver the commissions.
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William Marbury, whom Adams had appointed
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Justice of the Peace of the District of Columbia, was one of the appointees who hadn't received his commission.
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Congress had authorized the United States Supreme Court to issue writs of mandamus under the Judiciary Act of 1789,
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so Marbury brought suit against Madison in the United States Supreme
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Court under its original jurisdiction to compel Madison to deliver the commission.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“Marbury v. Madison Case Brief Summary”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：commission, Adams, Federalist, Judiciary, Madison。 这段视频共有 23 个句子、299 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 1:52。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 161 个词，接近日常对话。 只有 79% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 9 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| appoint 动词 | /əˈpɔɪnt/ | 約定 /约定, 預約 /预约 |
| meanwhile 副词 | /ˈmiːnwaɪl/ | 同時 /同时 |
| obtain 动词 | /əbˈteɪn/ | 獲得 /获得 |
| seal 名词 | /siːl/ | 印章, 圖章 /图章 |
| jurisdiction 名词 | /d͡ʒʊɹɪsˈdɪkʃən/ | 管轄權 /管辖权 |
| authorize 动词 | /ˈɔθəɹaɪz/ | 授權 /授权 |
| compel 动词 | /kəmˈpɛl/ | 強迫 /强迫 |
| contentious 形容词 | /kənˈtɛn.ʃəs/ | 有爭議 /有争议 |
| writ 名词 | /ɹɪt/ | 令狀 /令状 |
需要注意的发音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: jurisdiction /d͡ʒʊɹɪsˈdɪkʃən/, contentious /kənˈtɛn.ʃəs/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/, preserve /pɹəˈzɝv/, authorize /ˈɔθəɹaɪz/, contentious /kənˈtɛn.ʃəs/, mandamus /mænˈdeɪməs/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 appoint, meanwhile, obtain 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。