跟读练习: Chester A. Arthur | 60-Second Presidents | PBS - 通过视频学习英语口语
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13 句
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1
Chester Arthur was a New York City lawyer with a love of politics, fancy clothes, and facial hair.
2
He also might be the most peculiar president ever, starting in office during a year that saw three presidents.
3
Chet was a stalwart Republican, and they believed in patronage, handing out government jobs to secure political support.
4
In the 1870s, Arthur shamelessly used his job at the New York Customs House to help his political bosses.
5
Moderate Republicans thought of him as a hack, and President Hayes fired him in 1878.
6
But there had to be a stalwart on the national ticket in 1880 to keep the GOP unified, and Arthur was the controversial choice for vice president.
7
It got crazier in 1881 when a madman murdered President Garfield with the hope that Arthur would then give him a job.
8
Lots of people thought Arthur would be the puppet of his old stalwart pals.
9
Instead, he did a 180 and served as an independent administrator.
10
Arthur agreed to civil service reform, ending some of the patronage he used to rely on.
11
He fought for lower tariffs, opposed wasteful spending, and modernized the navy with steel ships.
12
Arthur didn't have an impressive presidency, but it was more than competent.
13
And considering how it started, that's well, impressive.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B1 级别的口语课以视频“Chester A. Arthur”为素材。 这段视频共有 13 个句子、210 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 1:04。 说话人语速较快，每分钟约 197 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 只有 74% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| stalwart 形容词 | /ˈstɔːl.wət/ | 魁梧 |
| madman 名词 | /ˈmædˌmæn/ | 瘋子 /疯子, 狂人 |
| modernize 动词 | /ˈmɑdɚnaɪz/ | 現代化 /现代化, 近代化 |
| tariff 名词 | /ˈtæɹəf/ | 關稅 /关税 |
| wasteful 形容词 | /ˈweɪstfəl/ | 浪費 /浪费 |
| puppet 名词 | /ˈpʌpɪt/ | 木偶, 人偶 |
| competent 形容词 | /ˈkɒmpətənt/ | 能幹 /能干, 得力 |
| oppose 动词 | /əˈpoʊz/ | 阻止, 對抗 /对抗 |
| cloth 名词 | /klɒθ/ | 布, 布料 |
| administrator 名词 | /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stɹeɪ.tɚ/ | 管理員 /管理员, 管理者 |
| facial 形容词 | /ˈfeɪ.ʃəl/ | 面, 顏面的 /颜面的 |
| presidency 名词 | /ˈpɹɛzɪdənsi/ | 主席席位 |
| controversial 形容词 | /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/ | 有爭議 /有争议 |
| moderate 形容词 | /ˈmɑdəɹət/ | 適中 /适中 |
| rely 动词 | /ɹɪˈlaɪ/ | 依賴 /依赖, 依靠 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| hand out 动词 | 分配 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| “used to” used to + 动词 — 过去的习惯或状态，现在已不再如此 | used to rely |
需要注意的发音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: facial /ˈfeɪ.ʃəl/, controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: administrator /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stɹeɪ.tɚ/, presidency /ˈpɹɛzɪdənsi/, controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: stalwart /ˈstɔːl.wət/, patronage /ˈpeɪtɹənɪd͡ʒ/, modernize /ˈmɑdɚnaɪz/, tariff /ˈtæɹəf/, puppet /ˈpʌpɪt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/, rely /ɹɪˈlaɪ/
- /æ/ — 嘴张大，不要读成 /e/: madman /ˈmædˌmæn/, tariff /ˈtæɹəf/, pal /pæl/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 stalwart, madman, modernize 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。